The Camarodonta are an

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...

of globular

sea urchin Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone from the intertidal seashore down to . The spherical, hard shells (tests) of ...

s in the

class Class or The Class may refer to: Common uses not otherwise categorized * Class (biology), a taxonomic rank * Class (knowledge representation), a collection of individuals or objects * Class (philosophy), an analytical concept used differentl ...

Echinoidea Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone from the intertidal seashore down to . The spherical, hard shells (tests) of ...

. The fossil record shows that camarodonts have been in existence since the

Lower Cretaceous Lower may refer to: *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is situated about five miles south west of Dursley, eight ...

.The Echinoid Directory
The Natural History Museum. Retrieved 2011-08-27.

Characteristics

All camarodonts have imperforate tubercles and compound ambulacral plates with the lowest elements enlarged. The pores are at regular intervals along the ambulacral plates from the apex to the mouth opening or peristome. The Aristotle's lantern, or jaw system, has keeled teeth with the supports meeting above the "foramen magnum".

Families

According to

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...

: * Infraorder Echinidea (Kroh & Smith, 2010) ** Family Echinidae (Gray, 1825) ** Superfamily Odontophora (Kroh & Smith, 2010) *** Family Echinometridae (Gray, 1855) *** Family Strongylocentrotidae (Gregory, 1900) *** Family

Toxopneustidae Toxopneustidae is a family of globular sea urchins in the class Echinoidea. Characteristics All Camarodonts have imperforate tubercles and compound ambulacral plates. In addition, the Toxopneustids are characterised by the peristome, or opening ...

(Troschel, 1872) ** Family

Parechinidae The Parechinidae are a family of sea urchins in the class Echinoidea. Characteristics All camarodonts have imperforate tubercles and compound ambulacral plates. In addition, the characteristics of the parechinids include the interambulacral pl ...

(Mortensen, 1903b) * Family Parasaleniidae (Mortensen, 1903b) * Infraorder Temnopleuridea (Kroh & Smith, 2010) ** Family Temnopleuridae (A. Agassiz, 1872) ** Family Trigonocidaridae (Mortensen, 1903b) Image:Echinus esculentus - Carantec.jpg, ''

Echinus esculentus ''Echinus esculentus'', the European edible sea urchin or common sea urchin, is a species of marine invertebrate in the Echinidae family. It is found in coastal areas of western Europe down to a depth of . It is considered "Near threatened" in t ...

'', Echinidae Image:Echinometra lucunter.jpg, ''

Echinometra lucunter ''Echinometra lucunter'', the rock boring urchin, is a species of sea urchin in the family Echinometridae. It is found in very shallow parts of the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Description ''Echinometra lucunter'' has an elli ...

'', Echinometridae Image:Urchinhand 300.jpg, ''

Strongylocentrotus franciscanus The red sea urchin (''Mesocentrotus franciscanus'') is a sea urchin found in the northeastern Pacific Ocean from Alaska to Baja California. It lives in shallow waters from the low-tide line to greater than deep, and is typically found on rocky ...

'', Strongylocentrotidae Image:Tripneustes ventricosus (West Indian Sea Egg) edit.jpg, ''

Tripneustes ventricosus ''Tripneustes ventricosus'', commonly called the West Indian sea egg or white sea urchin, is a species of sea urchin. It is common in the Caribbean Sea, the Bahamas and Florida and may be found at depths of less than . Description The test of th ...

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Image:Paracentrotus lividus profil.JPG, ''

Paracentrotus lividus ''Paracentrotus lividus'' is a species of sea urchin in the family Parechinidae commonly known as the purple sea urchin. It is the type species of the genus and occurs in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern Atlantic Ocean. Description ''Paracentr ...

'',

Image:Parasalenia poehlii.JPG, '' Parasalenia poehlii'', Parasaleniidae Image:Microcyphus rousseaui.jpg , '' Microcyphus rousseaui'', Temnopleuridae Image:Asterechinus elegans - journal.pone.0053590.g003-f.png, '' Asterechinus elegans'', Trigonocidaridae

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q15242268 Echinacea (animals)