Calvin Fixx

Calvin Fixx, born Calvin Henry Fix (August 1, 1906 – March 3, 1950), was an American journalist and editor, lifelong friend of Robert Cantwell and friend of Whittaker Chambers, both fellow editors at ''Time'' magazine. All three were either Marxist or communist during the 1920s and 1930s and then became anti-communists by 1939.

Background

Calvin Fixx was born Calvin Henry Fix in Lyman, Idaho, on August 1, 1906, the son of Henry Martin Fix (1883–1971) and Maggie Priscilla Smith Fix (1888–1958). He had two brothers, Ford and Harley, and a sister, Georgia.

He attended high school in Aberdeen, Washington, where he began a lifelong friendship with Robert Cantwell. He attended business school in Aberdeen briefly.

Cantwell and Fixx dreamed of "escaping to New York".

Career

In 1927, Fixx hitchhiked cross-country to New York City. He took a part-time job in a Greenwich Village bookshop and wrote freelance book reviews. He took other jobs, such as secretary to author Lyle Saxon. At this time, he added a second "x" to his surname because, he said, "a verb cannot be a name." He began to act informally as Cantwell's agent and helped him publish his first major short story. In 1929, he encouraged Robert Cantwell to come to New York City and they shared a flat in Greenwich Village.

In 1936, he joined ''Time'' with Robert Cantwell, Robert Fitzgerald, and James Agee.

In early 1939, Fitzgerald resigned. In April 1939, Chambers was hired by Henry Luce, and Fixx joined Chambers in the Books section.

In 1940, William Saroyan lists Fixx among "contributing editors" at ''Time'' in Saroyan's play, ''Love's Old Sweet Song''.

In October 1942, while working in ''Time's'' "Back of the Book" section with Chambers, Fixx suffered a "severe heart attack", most probably brought on by the routine he and Chambers had adopted of "work nga day and a half nonstop, stimulating themselves with six packs of cigarettes and a continual stream of coffee". Luce gave him a year's leave and salary to recover. ( Wilder Hobson succeeded Fixx as assistant editor of Books.) Chambers also suffered a heart attack a month later and also went on leave.
(Allen Weinstein notes that the FBI had visited Chambers in May 1942 to question him about his communist activities.)

Upon Fixx's return, in 1943, he gave up editorial work for "special projects" (as did Chambers). He also worked in the public relations department.

Personal life and death

On October 31, 1930, Fixx married Marlys Virginia Fuller (1906–2004) of Detroit, Michigan, a graduate of the 1929 class at Northwestern University.

They lived at 3328 81 Street, Jackson Heights, Queens, New York.

According to Robert Fitzgerald, Fixx was a Mormon. Fixx's wife Marlys was Anglican. After his death, she worked at Oberlin College as house mother/director of May Cottage. When son Jim Fixx died, he left his estate to her, worth several million dollars.

Calvin Fixx died age 43 on March 3, 1950, of a second heart attack, in an Atlantic City hospital. Surviving him were his wife, both parents, son James, daughter Catherine, brothers Ford and Harley, and sister Georgia. His son, Jim Fixx, would also die of a heart attack, at the age of 52 in 1984.

Fixx is buried in Carmel, New York, in the Loudonsville Cemetery, in Putnam County, New York.

Impact

T.S. Matthews staff

Fixx, close colleagues, and many staff members as of the 1930s helped elevate ''Time''–"interstitial intellectuals", as historian Robert Vanderlan has called them.

Colleague and best-selling author John Hersey described them as follows:

''Time'' was in an interesting phase; an editor named Tom Matthews had gathered a brilliant group of writers, including James Agee, Robert Fitzgerald, Whittaker Chambers, Robert Cantwell, Louis Kronenberger, and Calvin Fixx ... They were dazzling. ''Time'' style was still very hokey—"backward ran sentences till reeled the mind"—but I could tell, even as a neophyte, who had written each of the pieces in the magazine, because each of these writers had such a distinctive voice.

Colleagues

Fixx's death at age 43 profoundly affected his close friends. His death helped take away all motivation in Cantwell to write. In his memoir, Chambers described Fixx as "my closest friend at ''Time''. Chambers recorded the death in a letter to another friend:

This morning, at 7 o'clock, died the friend who knew most about me, a man on whom I built an absolute trust, and to whose wisdom, patience, courage, and humility I constantly repaired–Calvin Fixx.

Chambers took his son John to Fixx's funeral.

Fixx was in charge of novelist Sloan Wilson when Wilson joined ''Time''.

Communism and the Hiss case

In the 1930s during the popular front years, Fixx was either a member of the Communist Party USA or supportive of Marxism. By 1939 with the Hitler-Stalin Pact, he started toward anti-communism, following Cantwell and Chambers.

In 1939, the triumvirate (Fixx, Cantwell, Chambers) challenged the communist-controlled ''Time'' chapter of the Newspaper Guild by making a motion to send aid to Loyalists (Republicans) in the Spanish Civil War at a time, following the Hitler-Stalin Pact, communists supported Nationalist (Falangists): they were defeated 42 to 3.

During the first months of the Alger Hiss case (1948–1950), Chambers, feeling unable to face ''Time'' offices, used to spend much time at Fixx's home.

Supporters of Hiss used Fixx's 1942 heart attack and 1950 death to criticize his 1942 supervisor Whittaker Chambers. Ardent Hiss supporter Meyer Zeligs elaborated how Chambers "drew ixxinto the orbit of this killing orkschedule".
David Cort rewrote his own account:

A ghoulish episode occurred, instigated by that plausible Cagliostro on ''Time'' magazine, Whittaker Chambers. His totally unnecessary routine of working his foreign department through every night on black coffee reduced one willing colleague, Calvin Fixx, to a heart attack.

Subsequent writers repeated this charge, often near-verbatim from Cort.

Works

''Time'' did not give bylines during Fixx's tenure, but he also published elsewhere, including these in ''The New Republic'':

* "''King Cole'' by W.R. Burnett" (1936)
* "''The House of Tavelinck'' by Jo van Ammers-Kuller" (1938)
* "''Dynasty of Death'' by Taylor Caldwell" (1938)
* "''Meek Heritage'' by F.E. Sillanpaa" (1938)
* "''Horns for our Adornment'' by Aksel Sandemose" (1938)
* "''The Monument'' by Pamela Hansford Johnson" (1938)

See also

* Robert Cantwell
* Whittaker Chambers
* Robert Fitzgerald
* James Agee
* Wilder Hobson

References

External sources

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Find A Grave
Marlys Virginia Fuller Fixx

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fixx, Calvin
1906 births
1950 deaths
American literary critics
Writers from Washington (state)
University of Washington alumni
American male journalists
20th-century American journalists
American editors
People from Jackson Heights, Queens
People from Greenwich Village