Cabinet of Iran
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The Cabinet of
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
( fa, هیئت‌دولت ایران, ''Heyatedovlat-e Iran'') is a formal body composed of government officials, ministers, chosen and led by a
President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
. Its composition must be approved by a vote in the
Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...
. According to the
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran ( fa, قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران, ''Qanun-e Asasi-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Iran'') was December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum, adopted by referendum on 2 ...
, the President may dismiss members of the cabinet, but must do so in writing, and new appointees must again be approved by the Parliament. The cabinet meets weekly on Saturdays in
Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
. There may be additional meetings if circumstances require it. The president chairs the meetings. The Supreme Leader (
Ali Khamenei Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei ( fa, سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای, ; born 19 April 1939) is a Twelver Shia ''marja and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989. He was previously the third president o ...
) has the power to dismiss cabinet members like ministers and
vice presidents A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...
, as well as the President, at any time, regardless of the Parliament's decisions.


History


Before 1979 Islamic Revolution

From 1699 until 1907 the Iranian cabinet was led by
Premiers Premier is a title for the head of government in central governments, state governments and local governments of some countries. A second in command to a premier is designated as a deputy premier. A premier will normally be a head of governm ...
who were appointed by the
Shah of Iran This is a list of monarchs of Persia (or monarchs of the Iranic peoples, in present-day Iran), which are known by the royal title Shah or Shahanshah. This list starts from the establishment of the Medes around 671 BCE until the deposition of th ...
. The
Persian Constitutional Revolution The Persian Constitutional Revolution ( fa, مشروطیت, Mashrūtiyyat, or ''Enghelāb-e Mashrūteh''), also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911. The revolution led to the establishment of a par ...
of 1905 led to the creation of the
Persian Constitution of 1906 The Persian Constitution of 1906 ( fa, قانون اساسی مشروطه, Qanun-e Asasi-ye Mishirutâh), was the first constitution of the Sublime State of Persia (Qajar Iran), resulting from the Persian Constitutional Revolution and it was w ...
and the establishment of the
Iranian parliament The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The P ...
, whose members were elected from the general population. The position of premier was abolished and replaced by the
Prime Minister of Iran The Prime Minister of Iran was a political post that had existed in Iran (Persia) during much of the 20th century. It began in 1906 during the Qajar dynasty and into the start of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1923 and into the 1979 Iranian Revolution ...
. The constitution stipulated that all Prime Minister must be subject to a vote in parliament for both approval and removal. During the period 1907 to 1951 all Prime Ministers were selected by the Shah and subject to a vote-of-confidence by the Iranian Parliament. From 1951 to 1953, the members of parliament elected the Prime Minister among themselves (the head of the party holding the majority of seats), through a vote-of-confidence. The Shah, as the head of state, then appointed the parliament's selection to the position of Prime Minister, in accordance with the Westminster system of
parliamentary democracy A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the ...
. Following the removal of Prime Minister
Mohammad Mosaddegh Mohammad Mosaddegh ( fa, محمد مصدق, ; 16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967) was an Iranian politician, author, and lawyer who served as the 35th Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953, after appointment by the 16th Majlis. He was a member of ...
via the
1953 Iranian coup d'état The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état ( fa, کودتای ۲۸ مرداد), was the overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the monarchical rule of ...
, this practice was abolished and the selection of Prime Minister reverted to the process in effect before 1951.


After 1979 Islamic Revolution

Following the
Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynas ...
of 1979, the position of Shah was removed as the head of state, effectively ending Iran's history of monarchy. Iran's new Islamic constitution stipulated that the
President of Iran The president of Iran ( fa, رئیس‌جمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president i ...
would nominate the Iranian cabinet, including the Prime Minister, which was to be approved by a vote-of-confidence in the Iranian parliament. The constitutional amendment of 1989 effectively ended the position of Prime Minister and transferred its powers to that of the president and
vice president A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...
.


2009 appointments

President Ahmadinejad Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ( fa, محمود احمدی‌نژاد, Mahmūd Ahmadīnežād ), born Mahmoud Sabbaghian ( fa, محمود صباغیان, Mahmoud Sabbāghyān, 28 October 1956),
announced controversial ministerial appointments for his second term.
Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei ( fa, اسفندیار رحیم‌مشایی; born 16 November 1960) is an Iranian conservative politician and former intelligence officer. As a senior Cabinet member in the administration of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, ...
was briefly appointed as first vice president, but opposed by a number of Majlis members and by the intelligence minister,
Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i ( fa, غلامحسین محسنی اژه‌ای, Ğolām-Hoseyn Mohseni Eže'i, ; born 29 September 1956) is an Iranian conservative politician, Islamic jurist and prosecutor who currently serves as Chief Justice of I ...
. Mashaei followed orders to resign. Ahmadinejad then appointed Mashaei as chief of staff, and fired Mohseni-Eje'i. On 26 July 2009, Ahmadinejad's government faced a legal problem after he sacked four ministers. Iran's constitution (Article 136) stipulates that, if more than half of its members are replaced, the cabinet may not meet or act before the
Majlis ( ar, المجلس, pl. ') is an Arabic term meaning "sitting room", used to describe various types of special gatherings among common interest groups of administrative, social or religious nature in countries with linguistic or cultural conne ...
approves the revised membership. The Vice Chairman of the Majlis announced that no cabinet meetings or decisions would be legal, pending such a reapproval. The main list of 21 cabinet appointments was announced on 19 August 2009. On 4 September, Parliament of Iran approved 18 of the 21 candidates and rejected three of them, including two women.
Sousan Keshavarz Sousan Keshavarz was the 2009 nominee of Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as Minister of Education. She was voted down by the Majlis of Iran on September 3, 2009 with 49 favoring, 209 opposing, and 28 abstaining votes. Career Keshavarz was pre ...
,
Mohammad Aliabadi Mohammad Aliabadi ( fa, محمد علی‌آبادی; born 2 December 1956 in Arak) is former Vice President and Head of Physical Education Organization of Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called P ...
, and
Fatemeh Ajorlou Fatemeh Jazini ( fa, فاطمه آجرلو; born c. 1966) is a conservative ( principlist) female member of the Iranian parliament (Islamic Consultative Assembly) representing Karaj, near Tehran. She is Rapporteur of the Majlis Women Faction.http:/ ...
were not approved by Parliament for the Ministries of Education, Energy, and Welfare and Social Security respectively.
Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi ( fa, مرضیه وحید دستجردی; born 11 February 1959) is an Iranian university professor and former parliamentarian, who was Iran's minister of health and medical education. She was part of the President Mahmou ...
won approval as
health minister A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare and other social security services. Some governments have separate ministers for mental health. Count ...
, making her Iran's first woman minister since the
Islamic revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dyna ...
.


2011 merges and dismissals

On 9 May, Ahmedinejad announced Ministries of Petroleum and
Energy In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat a ...
would merge, as would Industries and Mines with
Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, nation ...
, and
Welfare Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specificall ...
with
Labour Labour or labor may refer to: * Childbirth, the delivery of a baby * Labour (human activity), or work ** Manual labour, physical work ** Wage labour, a socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer ** Organized labour and the labour ...
. On 13 May, he dismissed
Masoud Mir-Kazemi Masoud Mir Kazemi ( fa, مسعود میرکاظمی; born 1960) is an Iranian conservative politician and the current Vice President of Iran and head of Plan and Budget Organization. He was a member of the Parliament of Iran from Tehran distri ...
(Minister of Petroleum),
Ali Akbar Mehrabian Ali Akbar Mehrabian ( fa, علی‌اكبر محرابيان, born 1969) is an Iranian politician who is the current Minister of Energy. He was the minister of industries and mines from 2 November 2007 to 15 May 2011. In 2011, it was announced ...
(Minister Industry and Mines) and
Sadegh Mahsouli Sadegh Mahsouli ( fa, صادق محصولی, born 9 March 1959) is an Iranian politician who was Minister of Interior from 2008 to 2009 and Minister of Welfare and Social Security from 2009 to 2011. He was appointed to this post on 19 November ...
(Minister of Welfare). On 15 May, he was announced he would be caretaker minister of the Petroleum Ministry. From August 2009 to February 2013, a total of nine ministers in the cabinet were dismissed by the Majlis, the last of who was labor minister, Reza Sheykholeslam at the beginning of February 2013.


Rouhani's cabinet

Hassan Rouhani Hassan Rouhani ( fa, حسن روحانی, Standard Persian pronunciation: ; born Hassan Fereydoun ( fa, حسن فریدون, links=no); 12 November 1948) is an Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. ...
was elected as
President of Iran The president of Iran ( fa, رئیس‌جمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president i ...
in 2013 presidential election and took office on 3 August 2013. He nominated his coalition cabinet members to the
parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...
for vote of confidence on the next day. 15 out of 18 designated ministers were confirmed by the parliament.


Current cabinet members


List of Iranian governments

;Iranian governments after 1979 revolution * Interim Government of Iran (1979) * Council of the Islamic Revolution (1979–80) *
Government of Mohammad-Ali Rajai (1980–81) Government of Mohammad-Ali Rajai was the first government of Iran after the Iranian Revolution. At that time, Abolhassan Banisadr was president and Mohammad-Ali Rajai was prime minister. Bani Sadr's Presidency He was elected to a four-year term ...
*
Government of Mohammad-Javad Bahonar (1981) The Government of Mohammad-Javad Bahonar was the second government of Iran after the Iranian Revolution. During that time, Mohammad-Ali Rajai was president and Mohammad-Javad Bahonar was prime minister. Rajai's Presidency On August 15, 1981, Rajai ...
*
Interim Government of Iran (1981) The interim government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (21 September 1981 – 29 October 1981) was established after the assassination of Mohammad-Ali Rajai (President) and Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Prime Minister) on 30 August. In accordanc ...
* Government of Mir-Hossein Mousavi (1981–1989) * Government of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (1989–1997) * Government of Mohammad Khatami (1997–2005) * Government of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2005–2009) * Government of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2009–2013) *
Government of Hassan Rouhani (2013–2017) The President of Iran is the second formal position after the Supreme leader. The president has the authority to introduce members of his cabinet to the Iranian Parliament for confirmation under the Constitution of Iran. Rouhani is the sevent ...
* Government of Hassan Rouhani (2017–2021) *
Government of Ebrahim Raisi (2021–present) Ebrahim Raisi is the eighth President of Iran, which governs during his first term within the thirteenth government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Cabinet members , - , - !colspan=7, * Acting , - Referen ...


See also

*
President of Iran The president of Iran ( fa, رئیس‌جمهور ایران, Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The president is the second highest-ranking official of Iran after the Supreme Leader. The president i ...
*
Parliament of Iran The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The Pa ...
*
List of female members of the Cabinet of Iran This is a list of women who have served as members of the Cabinet of Iran. List See also * List of female members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly References

* {{citation, title=Women, Power and Politics in 21st Century Iran, autho ...


References


External links


Memorandum of the foreign trade regime of Iran
– 145-page official
PDF Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. ...
document describing all Ministries and institutes affiliated to the
Government of Iran The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran ( fa, نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Neẓām-e jomhūrī-e eslāmi-e Irān, known simply as ''Neẓām'' ( fa, نظام, lit=the system) among its supporters) is the ruling state a ...
and their functions. {{DEFAULTSORT:Cabinet of Iran Politics of Iran Government of Iran
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...