Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B also known as multiple tumor suppressor 2 (MTS-2) or p15
INK4b is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that is encoded by the ''CDKN2B''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
in humans.
Function
This gene lies adjacent to the
tumor suppressor
A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or red ...
gene
CDKN2A
CDKN2A, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, is a gene which in humans is located at chromosome 9, band p21.3. It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. The gene codes for two proteins, including the INK4 family ...
in a region that is frequently mutated, deleted, or disregulated in a wide variety of cancer.
This gene encodes a
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein is a protein which inhibits the enzyme cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). Several function as tumor suppressor proteins. Cell cycle
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events t ...
, also known as p15Ink4b protein, which forms a complex with
CDK4 or
CDK6
Cell division protein kinase 6 (CDK6) is an enzyme encoded by the ''CDK6'' gene. It is regulated by cyclins, more specifically by Cyclin D proteins and Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of th ...
, and prevents the activation of the CDK kinases by
cyclin D
Cyclin D is a member of the cyclin protein family that is involved in regulating cell cycle progression. The synthesis of cyclin D is initiated during G1 and drives the G1/S phase transition. Cyclin D protein is anywhere from 155 (in zebra mu ...
, thus the encoded protein functions as a cell growth regulator that inhibits cell cycle G1 progression. The expression of this gene was found to be dramatically induced by
TGF beta
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor superfamily that includes three different mammalian isoforms (TGF-β 1 to 3, HGNC symbols TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3) and many other sign ...
, which suggested its role in the TGF beta induced growth inhibition. Two alternatively spliced transcripts of this gene encode proteins that share the N-terminal sequence but completely differ in the C-terminus.
Interactions
CDKN2B tumor suppressor gene product p15 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with
cyclin-dependent kinase 4
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 also known as cell division protein kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDK4'' gene. CDK4 is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member o ...
.
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{gene-9-stub