T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain also known as T-cell receptor T3 zeta chain or CD247 (Cluster of Differentiation 247) is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''CD247''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Some older literature mention a similar protein called "CD3 eta" in
mice. It is now understood to be an isoform differing in the last exon.
Genomics
The gene is located on the long arm of
chromosome 1
Chromosome 1 is the designation for the largest human chromosome. Humans have two copies of chromosome 1, as they do with all of the autosomes, which are the non- sex chromosomes. Chromosome 1 spans about 249 million nucleotide base pairs, which ...
at location 1q22-q25 on the
Crick (negative) strand. The encoded protein is 164 amino acids long with a predicted weight of 18.696 kilo
Daltons.
Function
T-cell receptor
The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex found on the surface of T cells, or T lymphocytes, that is responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The binding b ...
zeta (ΞΆ), together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers and
CD3-gamma, -delta, and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Interactions
CD247 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with
Janus kinase 3
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 is a tyrosine kinase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''JAK3'' gene.
Janus kinases
Janus kinase 3 is a tyrosine kinase that belongs to the janus family of kinases. Other members of the Janus family include ...
and
Protein unc-119 homolog
Uncoordinated-119 (Unc-119) is a protein that has been identified in ''C. elegans'', humans, mice, zebrafish, rabbits, pig, calf, monkey, and protozoa. They have been classified in the GMP phophodiesterase, delta superfamily. Unc-119 proteins are ...
.
See also
*
Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophen ...
*
ZAP70
ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein normally expressed near the surface membrane of lymphocytes (T cells, natural killer cells, and a subset of B cells). It is most prominently known to be recruited upon antigen binding to ...
References
Further reading
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External links
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Clusters of differentiation
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