Côte-d'Or
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Côte-d'Or (; literally, "Golden Slope") is a
département In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. Ninety ...
in the
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (; , sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: ''Borgogne-Franche-Comtât'') is a region in Eastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region ...
region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics ( physical geography), human impact characteristics ( human geography), and the interaction of humanity an ...
of Northeastern France. In 2019, it had a population of 534,124.Populations légales 2019: 21 Côte-d'Or
INSEE Its prefecture is
Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlie ...
and subprefectures are Beaune and
Montbard Montbard () is a commune and subprefecture of the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. Montbard is a small industrial town on the river Brenne. The ''Forges de Buffon'', ironworks established by Buff ...
.


History

Côte-d'Or is one of the original 83 departments created during the
French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are conside ...
on 4 March 1790. It was formed from part of the former
province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions out ...
of Burgundy.


Geography

The department is part of the current
region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics ( physical geography), human impact characteristics ( human geography), and the interaction of humanity an ...
of
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (; , sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: ''Borgogne-Franche-Comtât'') is a region in Eastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region ...
. It is surrounded by the departments of Yonne,
Nièvre Nièvre () is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, central-east France. Named after the river Nièvre, it had a population of 204,452 in 2019.Saône-et-Loire, Jura, Aube, Haute-Saône, and
Haute-Marne Haute-Marne (; English: Upper Marne) is a department in the Grand Est region of Northeastern France. Named after the river Marne, its prefecture is Chaumont. In 2019, it had a population of 172,512.Côte d'Or escarpment, which takes its name from that of the department. It is the south-east facing slope of this
escarpment An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations. The terms ''scarp'' and ''scarp face'' are often used interchangeably with ''esca ...
which is the site of the celebrated Burgundy
vineyard A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyard ...
s. To the west of the Plateau de Langres, towards Champagne, lies the densely wooded district of Châtillonais. To the south-east of the plateau and escarpment, the department lies in the broad, flat-bottomed valley of the middle course of the
Saône The Saône ( , ; frp, Sona; lat, Arar) is a river in eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon, at the southern end of the Presqu'île. The name d ...
. Rivers include: * The
Saône The Saône ( , ; frp, Sona; lat, Arar) is a river in eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon, at the southern end of the Presqu'île. The name d ...
* The
Seine ) , mouth_location = Le Havre/ Honfleur , mouth_coordinates = , mouth_elevation = , progression = , river_system = Seine basin , basin_size = , tributaries_left = Yonne, Loing, Eure, Risle , tributa ...
rises in the southern end of the Plateau de Langres. * The Ouche rises on the dip slope of the escarpment and flows to the Saône via Dijon. * The
Armançon The river Armançon () drains part of north-western Burgundy in France. It is long. It rises at Meilly-sur-Rouvres in the department of Côte-d'Or and flows into the Yonne (right bank) at Migennes. Its source is at about above sea level and i ...
rises on the dip slope of the escarpment and flows north-westward. * The
Arroux The Arroux () is a river in central France. It is a right tributary of the Loire. It is long. Its source is east of Arnay-le-Duc, in Côte-d'Or. The Arroux flows generally south through the following departments and towns: * Côte-d'Or: Arnay ...
rises on the dip slope of the escarpment at the southern end of the department.


Climate

The climate of the department is continental, with abundant rain on the west side of the central range.


Principal towns

The most populous commune is
Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlie ...
, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:


Demographics

The inhabitants of the department are called ''Costaloriens''. Population development since 1791:


Politics

The President of the General Council is François Sauvadet of the
Union of Democrats and Independents The Union of Democrats and Independents (french: Union des démocrates et indépendants, UDI) is a centre to centre-right political party in France and former electoral alliance founded on 18 September 2012 on the basis of the parliamentary grou ...
.


Current National Assembly Representatives


Economy

This is a premier
wine-growing region This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant growing regions where vineyards are planted. Wine grapes mostly grow between the 30th and the 50th degree of latitude, in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Grapes will sometimes ...
of France. It produces what are arguably the world's finest, and definitely most expensive Pinot noir and
Chardonnay Chardonnay (, , ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand. For new ...
wines from some of the most rigorously and painstakingly (thanks to the region's many monasteries) classified vineyards in the world. Wine from the Côte-d'Or was a favorite of the emperor Charlemagne. Other crops include cereal grains and potatoes. Sheep and cattle are also raised in the department. The region is famous for
Dijon mustard Dijon mustard (french: Moutarde de Dijon) is a traditional mustard of France, named after the town of Dijon in Burgundy, France, which was the center of mustard making in the late Middle Ages and was granted exclusive rights in France in the 1 ...
. There are coal mines and heavy industry, including steel, machinery, and earthenware. The industries most developed in Côte-d'Or are * agriculture and food (14% of employees) * metallurgy and metal manufacture (12% of employees) * chemicals, rubber and plastics (12% of employees) * pharmacy * electrical and electronic components and equipment * wood and paper industries. The big works are generally in the conurbation of Dijon although biggest (CEA Valduc) is at Salives in the Plateau de Langres. There is also the SEB metal works at Selongey below the plateau on the margin of the Saône plain and the Valourec metalworking group at
Montbard Montbard () is a commune and subprefecture of the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. Montbard is a small industrial town on the river Brenne. The ''Forges de Buffon'', ironworks established by Buff ...
in the west of the department on the River Brenne near its confluence with the Armançon. The Pharmaceutical industry has shown the greatest growth in recent years. However, since the Dijon employment statistics zone includes the urban and administrative centre of the Burgundy region, the
service sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the second ...
is proportionately bigger there in relation to the industrial, than in the other three zones of Côte-d'Or. * Referenc
Industry in Bourgogne website


Tourism

Some of the major tourist attractions are the Gothic abbey church of
Saint-Seine-l'Abbaye Saint-Seine-l'Abbaye () is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. It is also a place steeped in history with its archaeological sites, the goddess Sequana; nymph Sources close to the Seine and Alesia, the remnants of its anci ...
and the 11th-century Romanesque abbey church at Saulieu, as well the 12th-century Château de Bussy Rabutin at Bussy-le-Grand. The Abbey of Cîteaux, headquarters of the
Cistercian Order The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Sain ...
, lies to the east of
Nuits-Saint-Georges Nuits-Saint-Georges () is a commune in the arrondissement of Beaune of the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. It lies in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Wine Nuits-Saint-Georges is the main town of the Côte de Nuits wine-produci ...
in the south of the department. File:Palais des Ducs.JPG,
Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy The Palace of the Dukes and Estates of Burgundy or ''Palais des ducs et des États de Bourgogne'' is a remarkably well-preserved architectural assemblage in Dijon. The oldest part is the 14th and 15th century Gothic ducal palace and seat of the ...
in
Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlie ...
File:Hostel Dieu Beaune.jpg, Hospices de Beaune File:Abbaye de Fontenay-EgliseBatiments.jpg,
Abbey of Fontenay The Abbey of Fontenay is a former Cistercian abbey located in the commune of Marmagne, near Montbard, in the département of Côte-d'Or in France. It was founded by Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in 1118, and built in the Romanesque style. It is ...
File:Chateau La Rochepot 01.jpg, Château de la Rochepot File:Clos-Vougeot.JPG, Clos de Vougeot, Burgundy wine File:Muséoparc d'Alésia 0040.jpg, Reenactment of the siege of Alesia in Alise-Sainte-Reine


See also

*
French wine French wine is produced all throughout France, in quantities between 50 and 60 million hectolitres per year, or 7–8 billion bottles. France is one of the largest wine producers in the world, along with Italian, Spanish, and Ameri ...
*
Cantons of the Côte-d'Or department The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Côte-d'Or department, in France, following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015: * Arnay-le-Duc * Auxonne * Beaune * Brazey-en-Plaine * Châtillon-sur-Seine * Che ...
* Communes of the Côte-d'Or department *
Arrondissements of the Côte-d'Or department The 3 arrondissements of the Côte-d'Or department are: # Arrondissement of Beaune, (subprefecture: Beaune) with 222 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 111,295 in 2016. # Arrondissement of Dijon, (prefecture of the Côte-d'Or de ...


References


External links

*
Prefecture website
*
Departmental Council website
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cote-D'or 1790 establishments in France Departments of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region articles needing translation from French Wikipedia States and territories established in 1790