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The bunga emas dan perak ( "golden and silver flowers", th, ต้นไม้เงินต้นไม้ทอง ), often abbreviated to bunga mas ( Jawi: "golden flowers"), was a
/ref> Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam, Kubang Pasu and
pp.65-68
/ref> There are several supposed origins of and reasons for the establishment of the tradition: * According to a Kedah source, the first time a ''bunga mas'' was sent, it was sent as a toy for a new-born Thai prince who was the grandson of Sultan of Kedah himself since his kin, a princess was married to the Thai king. * 17th-century Kedah rulers considered it to be a token of friendship. * Thai kings since maintain that it was a recognition of their suzerainty instead. The practice ended with the establishment of
The bunga emas dan perak ( "golden and silver flowers", th, ต้นไม้เงินต้นไม้ทอง ), often abbreviated to bunga mas ( Jawi: "golden flowers"), was a tribute
A tribute (; from Latin ''tributum'', "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of land which the state conqu ...
sent every three years to the king of Ayutthaya (Siam
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...
) from its vassal state
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to ...
s in the Malay Peninsula, in particular, Kelantan
Kelantan (; Jawi: ; Kelantanese Malay: ''Klate'') is a state in Malaysia. The capital is Kota Bharu and royal seat is Kubang Kerian. The honorific name of the state is ''Darul Naim'' (Jawi: ; "The Blissful Abode").
Kelantan is located in th ...
, Kedah
Kedah (), also known by its honorific Darul Aman and historically as Queda, is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area of over 9,000 km2, and it consists of the mainland ...
, Pattani, Nong Chik, Yala, Rangae,Cyril Skinner (1983). ''A Malay Mission to Bangkok during the reign of Rama II'', Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society/ref> Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam, Kubang Pasu and
Setul
Setul, officially the Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara ( ms, Kerajaan Setul Mambang Segara; Jawi: ; ; ) was a traditional Malay kingdom founded in the northern coast of the Malay Peninsula. The state was established in 1808 in wake of the par ...
. The tribute consisted of two small trees made of gold and silver, plus costly gifts of weapons, goods and slaves. Leonard Y. Andaya, Barbara Watson Andaya (1984). ''A History of Malaysia'', pp.65-68
/ref> There are several supposed origins of and reasons for the establishment of the tradition: * According to a Kedah source, the first time a ''bunga mas'' was sent, it was sent as a toy for a new-born Thai prince who was the grandson of Sultan of Kedah himself since his kin, a princess was married to the Thai king. * 17th-century Kedah rulers considered it to be a token of friendship. * Thai kings since maintain that it was a recognition of their suzerainty instead. The practice ended with the establishment of
British rule
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Quote: "Mill, who was hims ...
in most of the northern Malay states
The monarchies of Malaysia refer to the constitutional monarchy system as practised in Malaysia. The political system of Malaysia is based on the Westminster parliamentary system in combination with features of a federation.
Nine of the state ...
under the terms of the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909.
Before Lord Nguyễn Ánh
Gia Long ( (''North''), ('' South''); 8 February 1762 – 3 February 1820), born Nguyễn Phúc Ánh (阮福暎) or Nguyễn Ánh, was the founding emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, the last dynasty of Vietnam. His dynasty would rule the unif ...
of Nguyễn clan was crowned Emperor of Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, he had offered ''bunga mas'' to the Siamese king six times to gain military support for his campaign against the Tây Sơn dynasty
The Tây Sơn dynasty (, vi, Nhà Tây Sơn (Chữ Nôm: 茹西山); vi, Tây Sơn triều ( Hán tự: 西山朝) was a ruling dynasty of Vietnam, founded in the wake of a rebellion against both the Nguyễn lords and the Trịnh lords befo ...
.
See also
*Malaysia–Thailand relations
Malaysia–Thailand relations ( ms, Hubungan Malaysia–Thailand; Jawi: هوبوڠن مليسيا–تايلاند; th, ความสัมพันธ์ไทย - มาเลเซีย ) refers to bilateral foreign relations between th ...
References
{{reflist Ayutthaya Kingdom History of Patani History of Malaysia