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Bukar or Bukar Kura bin Umar al-Kanemi (c. 1830-c. 1884 or 1885) was ''Shehu'' of Borno from 1881 to c. 1884.
''Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa''
(London: Longman, 1857). * Brenner, Louis, ''The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu'', Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973). * Cohen, Ronald, ''The Kanuri of Bornu'', Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology (New York: Holt, 1967). * Isichei, Elizabeth, ''A History of African Societies to 1870'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 318–320, . * Lange, Dierk, 'The kingdoms and peoples of Chad', in ''General history of Africa'', ed. by Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), pp. 238–265. * Last, Murray, ‘Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno’, in ''Histoire Generale De l'Afrique'', Rev. ed. (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), pp. 599–646.
Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: a Working Chronology" in ''Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs'', 268, Bd. 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1993: 179-186.
* Nachtigal, Gustav, ''Sahara und Sudan : Ergebnisse Sechsjähriger Reisen in Afrika'' (Berlin: Weidmann, 1879). * * Palmer, Herbert Richmond, ''The Bornu Sahara and Sudan'' (London: John Murray, 1936). *
Kanuri Studies Association
Royalty of Borno 1830s births 1880s deaths 19th-century rulers in Africa 19th-century Nigerian people {{Nigeria-hist-stub
Reign of Bukar
Bukar became Shehu of Borno in 1881 at the death of his father Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin. His three-year reign was marked by a deep economic crisis which forced him to impose a tax on his subjects. In Kanuri language, this tax was called ''kumoreji'' (splitting a calabash in half) which meant that Bukar appropriated half the wealth of his subjects.Louis Brenner, ''The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu'', Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973), pp.86-88.Herbert Richmond Palmer, ''The Bornu Sahara and Sudan'' (London: John Murray, 1936), p. 269.Bukar as seen by Heinrich Barth
In 1851, a British expedition led by Heinrich Barth arrived in Borno. Barth met Bukar when he was around twelve and according to him he was:
Dynasty
Footnotes
Bibliography
* Barth, Heinrich''Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa''
(London: Longman, 1857). * Brenner, Louis, ''The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Bornu'', Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973). * Cohen, Ronald, ''The Kanuri of Bornu'', Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology (New York: Holt, 1967). * Isichei, Elizabeth, ''A History of African Societies to 1870'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 318–320, . * Lange, Dierk, 'The kingdoms and peoples of Chad', in ''General history of Africa'', ed. by Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), pp. 238–265. * Last, Murray, ‘Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno’, in ''Histoire Generale De l'Afrique'', Rev. ed. (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), pp. 599–646.
Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: a Working Chronology" in ''Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs'', 268, Bd. 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1993: 179-186.
* Nachtigal, Gustav, ''Sahara und Sudan : Ergebnisse Sechsjähriger Reisen in Afrika'' (Berlin: Weidmann, 1879). * * Palmer, Herbert Richmond, ''The Bornu Sahara and Sudan'' (London: John Murray, 1936). *
External links
Kanuri Studies Association
Royalty of Borno 1830s births 1880s deaths 19th-century rulers in Africa 19th-century Nigerian people {{Nigeria-hist-stub