Buiksloot is a former village in the

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

province of

North Holland North Holland ( nl, Noord-Holland, ) is a province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevoland. In November 2019, it had a ...

. It is now a neighbourhood of

Amsterdam-Noord Amsterdam-Noord (; ) is a borough of Amsterdam, Netherlands with a population of about 90,000. The IJ, the body of water which separates it from Amsterdam-Centrum and the rest of the city, is situated southwest of Amsterdam-Noord. The borough, whi ...

. Buiksloot was a separate municipality from 1811 until 1921, when it was merged with

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

. From 1888 to 1956, Buiksloot had a tram connection with Amsterdam-Noord and ''Waterland''. The ''Waterland'' tram had a stop in Buiksloot, near today's ''Nieuwe Leeuwarderweg''. Since 2018, Buiksloot has been cut in half by the ''Noord/Zuidlijn'' metro.

Location

The old village center lies along the ''Buiksloterdijk'' (a dyke), more specifically at the Northern ''IJdijk'', between

Nieuwendam Nieuwendam (literal translation: "new dam") is a neighbourhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands, best known for its marina (Dutch: ''jachthaven''). A former village in the province of North Holland, Nieuwendam was a separate municipality until 1921, wh ...

and

Oostzaan Oostzaan () is a municipality and a town in the Zaanstreek, Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The municipality had a population of in . Oostzaan has a total area of of which is water. Oostzaan—together with Westzaan and Assen ...

. The Buiksloot church, built in 1609, is located behind the dyke. To the west of the village, behind the dyke is the ''Buiksloterbreek'', formed after a dyke breach. A part of the present Nieuwendammerdijk (part of Nieuwendam) belonged to Buiksloot. A part of this has been called ''Leeuwarderweg'' since 1935. The ''Buiksloterdijk'' is intersected by the ''Nieuwe Leeuwarderweg'' (a road), which opened in 1968.

History

Waterland

Buiksloot is a (former)

polder A polder () is a low-lying tract of land that forms an artificial hydrological entity, enclosed by embankments known as dikes. The three types of polder are: # Land reclaimed from a body of water, such as a lake or the seabed # Flood plains s ...

. The village was formed along the

Waterland Waterland () is a municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland. It is situated north of Amsterdam, on the western shore of the Markermeer. It is well-known for comprising the touristy towns of Broek in Waterland and M ...

Sea Dyke, erected from the 13th onwards. Buiksloot was first named in 1275, later becoming a

linear village Linearity is the property of a mathematical relationship (''function'') that can be graphically represented as a straight line. Linearity is closely related to '' proportionality''. Examples in physics include rectilinear motion, the linear r ...

. Due to a dyke breach in 1514 south of the (not yet

reclaimed Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new Terrestrial ecoregion, land from oceans, list of seas, seas, Stream bed, riverbeds or lak ...

)

Buikslotermeer Buikslotermeer is a neighborhood and a polder of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The Buikslotermeer is a reclaimed lake, now largely located within the city of Amsterdam-Noord. Nowadays, the name 'Buikslotermeer' is used to refer to the entire ''Buikslo ...

, a large amount of the original buildings were washed away and contact between the settlements of Buiksloot and

Schellingwoude Schellingwoude is a neighbourhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. A former village located on the northern shore of the IJ, in the province of North Holland, it was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1857, when it was merged with Ransdorp; the ...

was broken off. Here, the settlement of

Zunderdorp Zunderdorp () is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague ...

founded the new linear village Nieuwendam. In 1532,

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Infan ...

founded the '' Hoogheemraadschap'' (High Water Authority) Waterland for water management north of Buiksloot, from

Monnickendam Monnickendam () is a city in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Waterland, and lies on the coast of the Markermeer, about southeast of Purmerend. It received city rights in 1355 and was damaged by the fires ...

Purmerend Purmerend () is a city and municipality in the west of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland and in the region of West Friesland. The city is surrounded by polders, such as the Purmer, Beemster and the Wormer. The city became the tra ...

. This merged into the ''Hoogheemraadschap Noordhollands

Noorderkwartier Noorderkwartier (; en, Northern Quarter) is a historical term referring to the part of the former Dutch province of Holland north of the river IJ, covering the regions Kennemerland, Zaanstreek, Waterland and West Friesland and now part of the ...

'' in 1919. From then on, the settlement Buiksloot fell under the jurisdiction of the

bailiwick A bailiwick () is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ. The bailiwick is probably modelled on th ...

Waterland. From the 17th century onwards, the population of Buiksloot exceeded that of the

settlement, of which it was part until the French era. Between the 17th and 19th century, Buiksloot had between 500 and 800 inhabitants.

Polders of Buiksloot

North of ''Buiksloterdijk'' was the Buiksloot polder and north of it the ''Zuiderpolder'' (South polder), which extended into the neighbouring municipality of

Landsmeer Landsmeer () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Population centres The municipality of Landsmeer consists of the three villages: Den Ilp, Landsmeer, Purmerland. Topography ''Dutch topographic ...

, until the municipal boundary was changed in 1966. To the northeast was the partly Buiksloot-owned Buikslotermeer, a polder from 1627. Created in 1851 south of Buiksloot, the Buiksloterham polder initially belonged to Buiksloot, but since 1877 it belongs to the municipality of Amsterdam. Buiksloot has been bisected by the Noordhollands Kanaal since 1824, with a

movable bridge A moveable bridge, or movable bridge, is a bridge that moves to allow passage for boats or barges. In American English, the term is synonymous with , and the latter is the common term, but drawbridge can be limited to the narrower, historical d ...

at ''Buiksloterdijk'' level.

Settlement

The settlement of Buiksloot was traditionally one of the six setllements into which the Waterland bailiwick was divided. This designated a particular area where a

bailiff A bailiff (from Middle English baillif, Old French ''baillis'', ''bail'' "custody") is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. Bailiffs are of various kinds and their offi ...

could exercise his authority and administer justice. This term survived the Batavian Revolution, but it only kept its meaning in the polder. It was not until 1936 that the Waterland settlements were disbanded.

Accessibility of Amsterdam

From as early as the 14th century there was a

ferry A ferry is a ship, watercraft or amphibious vehicle used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi ...

line to Amsterdam, ''Buiksloterveer''. Since 1556, this line is owned by Amsterdam. In 1659, five cities (

Hoorn Hoorn () is a city and municipality in the northwest of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is the largest town and the traditional capital of the region of West Friesland. Hoorn is located on the Markermeer, 20 kilometers ( ...

, Edam,

and

) agreed to build a network of tow-canals (''Zesstedenweg'') with a regular

trekschuit Trekschuit (, literally ''"tug-boat"'', but true meaning ''"tugged-boat"'') is an old style of sail- and horse-drawn boat specific to the Netherlands, where it was used for centuries as a means of passenger traffic between cities along ''trek ...

service. In Buiksloot there was a crossroad from the IJ to the tow-canal northwards, which uses the western ring canal from the reclaimed Buikslotermeer in 1627. This reclaimed land became part of the

Noordhollandsch Kanaal The Noordhollandsch Kanaal ("Great North Holland Canal") is a canal originally meant for ocean-going ships. It is located in North Holland, Netherlands. The canal was of great significance in Dutch history. Location The canal is about 75 ki ...

in 1824.

Eighty Years' War

Throughout the 16th century, Buiksloot experienced multiple floods, including the All Saints' Flood of 1570. Because of these floods, certain parts of the village were lost in the waves. At the start of the

Eighty Years' War The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) ( c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Refo ...

/Dutch Revolt (1568-1648) ''hagepreken'' (

sermons A sermon is a religious discourse or oration by a preacher, usually a member of clergy. Sermons address a scriptural, theological, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law, or behavior within both past and present contexts. El ...

) were held in Buiksloot, among other places. As early as 1572, Waterland assumed a pro-prince stance, while Amsterdam remained loyal to the Spanish king until 1578. Several battles between the

Geuzen Geuzen (; ; french: Les Gueux) was a name assumed by the confederacy of Calvinist Dutch nobles, who from 1566 opposed Spanish rule in the Netherlands. The most successful group of them operated at sea, and so were called Watergeuzen (; ; frenc ...

(Beggars) and Alva's army take place around the vicinity.

Trade Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct excha ...

begins to flourish after 1585, and Buiksloot benefited greatly from this. The village belonged to the settlement of Schellingwoude until 1811, after which it became a separate municipality.

Merger with Amsterdam

As Buiksloot was already strongly connected with Amsterdam (see Accessibility of Amsterdam), they requested to join the city to benefit from the superior facilities in 1913. It took eight years to officialise the

merger Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are business transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations, or their operating units are transferred to or consolidated with another company or business organization. As an aspect ...

between Buiksloot and Amsterdam. The municipality was severely impoverished after the

flood of 1916 The flood of 1916 or Zuiderzeevloed of 1916 is a flood that took place in the night between 13 and 14 January 1916 in the Netherlands along the dikes of the Zuiderzee as a result of a storm surge. Course The flood coincided with a high water inf ...

, when a large area north of Amsterdam flooded. On the first of January 1921, Buiksloot merged into the municipality of Amsterdam along with Nieuwendam,

Ransdorp Ransdorp is a village in the province of North Holland, Netherlands, part of the municipality of Amsterdam. It lies about 7 km northeast of the city centre, in the Landelijk Noord district. Ransdorp is a part of the borough ( Dutch: ''sta ...

, Sloten and

Watergraafsmeer The Watergraafsmeer is a polder in the Netherlands. It was reclaimed in 1629. In the 17th and 18th centuries, there were many buitenplaatsen in the Watergraafsmeer, though nowadays only one, Frankendael, remains. Since 1921, the Watergraafsmee ...

. After the merger, the village underwent some major expansions north of the ''Buiksloterdijk'' and west of the Noordhollandsch Kanaal with

garden village The garden city movement was a 20th century urban planning movement promoting satellite communities surrounding the central city and separated with greenbelts. These Garden Cities would contain proportionate areas of residences, industry, and ...

''Buiksloterham''. This garden village was one of the new garden villages in

. East of the canal, you'll find garden village Buiksloot.

New housing estates

In the 1960s-70s, a new district called ''Banne Buiksloot'' was built north of the village. It consists of two parts, ''Banne-Noord'' (northern part) and ''Banne-Zuid'' (southern part). During the 90s, ''Banne-Oost'' (eastern part) was added. In

, from the 1960s onwards, many new houses and a mall were built. Old village buildings of Buiksloot on the dyke of the

, alongside the ring canal, were demolished for this purpose. Also in the western part of the village, between the Buiksloot church and the ''Buiksloterbreek'', many old dyke structures disappeared. Part of the Buiksloot dyke was also excavated for the construction of the ''Nieuwe Purmerweg'' (a road), which never saw the light of day. Eventually, only the middle part of the village along the ''Buiksloterdijk'' was spared. Buiksloot, along with the garden villages dating from the 1920s, has been part of the ''Rijksbeschermd gezicht Amsterdam-Noord'' (state protected) since 2014. Near Buiksloot, close to the Noordhollandsch Kanaal, lies the chalk mill ''D'Admiraal'' (The Admiral). This mill is the last of its kind.

Notable people from Buiksloot

* M.H. Laddé, photographer and director of the first Dutch film *Erasmus Smit,

missionary A missionary is a member of a Religious denomination, religious group which is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.Tho ...

in South-Africa

References

Former municipalities of North Holland Amsterdam-Noord Neighbourhoods of Amsterdam {{NorthHolland-geo-stub Content in this edit is translated from the existing Dutch Wikipedia article at :nl:Buiksloot; see its history for attribution.