Brzozów ( uk, Березів, ''Bereziv''; yi, ברעזשוב ''Brezhov''; lat. ''Brozovia'', or ''Prozzow'') is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 7,336 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in

Subcarpathian Voivodeship Subcarpathian Voivodeship or Subcarpathia Province (in pl, Województwo podkarpackie ) is a voivodeship, or province, in the southeastern corner of Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów. Along with the Marshall, it i ...

(since 1999) and is the seat of both Brzozów County and the smaller administrative district of

Gmina Brzozów __NOTOC__ Gmina Brzozów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Brzozów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Brzozów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Rzeszów ...

. It lies south of the city of

Rzeszów Rzeszów ( , ; la, Resovia; yi, ריישא ''Raisha'')) is the largest city in southeastern Poland. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River in the heartland of the Sandomierz Basin. Rzeszów has been the capital of the Subcarpathian ...

History

Brzozów was founded in 1359, Brzozów took on the name of an earlier, adjacent settlement of the 14th century, which gradually over time came to be known as Stara Wieś (Old Village). A large Jesuit Basilica and Monastery, built in 1760, is found in Stara Wieś. Queen Mary donated Brzozów and four other villages to the Bishops of Przemyśl in 1384. From the middle 14th to the early 19th centuries, the Bishops of Przemyśl resided principally at Brzozów. Tatar attacks took place in 1525, 1623–25, 1629 and with heavy losses in 1674. Afterwards, Brzozów declined commercially until the 19th century. From the first partition of Poland in 1772 until 1918, the town was part of the

Austrian monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

(Austria side after the compromise of 1867), head of the district with the same name, one of the 78 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in

Austrian Galicia The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria,, ; pl, Królestwo Galicji i Lodomerii, ; uk, Королівство Галичини та Володимирії, Korolivstvo Halychyny ta Volodymyrii; la, Rēgnum Galiciae et Lodomeriae also known as ...

province (Crownland). Before World War II there was a Jewish community of about 1300 in Brzozów. A large part was massacred on 10 August 1942 by the German SS. The remainder were sent to death camps or murdered by the Nazis during the war. Since then, there has been no Jewish presence in the town.

Economy

In 1550–1650, nineteen trades were practiced here including cloth-making, food processing, and leather-making as well as wood, metal, and ceramic trades. The first hospital of record is mentioned in 1518. A parish school was in existence in the early 16th century, and annual elections of mayors and judges, subject to approval of the bishop, commenced in 1410. The town for hundreds of years had been known for the manufacture of combs, but the industry disappeared by the 1960s. Manufacture of oils was another industry in Brzozów;

walnut oil Walnut oil is oil extracted from walnuts, '' Juglans regia''. The oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fats. Composition Walnut oil is composed largely of polyunsaturated fatty acids (72% of tota ...

was a famous product reportedly supplied to the royal table in

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

in the 16th century. Oils were also produced from plum core. A post-office was opened in 1851.Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850-1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.

Gallery

File:Ratusz Brzozow noc.JPG, Brzowów town hall File:Glowne skrzyzowanie noca Brzozow.JPG, Seminarium File:Kosciol Przemienienia Panskiego Brzozow 2.jpg, Transfiguration of Jesus Church File:Sokół building in Brzozów 2014.jpg, Sokół Gymnastics Society Building in Brzozów

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Brzozów is twinned with:

References

;Notes

External links

Official websiteeBrzozow.net - Local community web portal
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brzozow Cities and towns in Podkarpackie Voivodeship Brzozów County 1359 establishments in Europe 14th-century establishments in Poland Populated places established in the 1350s Ruthenian Voivodeship Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Lwów Voivodeship Shtetls Holocaust locations in Poland