Brunei
Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely surrounded by t ...
and
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
established
diplomatic relations
Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...
in 1984. Brunei has an embassy in
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
, and Germany has an embassy in
Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan (BSB; Jawi: بندر سري بڬاوان; ) is the capital city of Brunei. It is officially a municipal area () with an area of and an estimated population of 100,700 as of 2007. It is part of Brunei-Muara District, the s ...
.
History
Relations between the two countries has been established since 1 May 1984.
In 1985, His Majesty Sultan
Hassanal Bolkiah paid a first private visit to Germany and in 1998 made a state visit while an official visit was made on 2002 and 2011.
In other side,
Chancellor Helmut Kohl
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; 3 April 1930 – 16 June 2017) was a German politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 and Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to 1998. Kohl's 16-year tenure is the longes ...
paid an official visit to Brunei on 1997.
Economic relations
Brunei views Germany as an important economic partner with bilateral trade increased in 2011 to approximately
€
The euro sign () is the currency sign used for the euro, the official currency of the eurozone and unilaterally adopted by Kosovo and Montenegro. The design was presented to the public by the European Commission on 12 December 1996. It consists ...
346 million. Germany exports to Brunei are mainly in cars, machinery, chemicals and heavy equipment.
There is also a ratification of an agreement on the encouragement and reciprocal protection of investment between both countries.
Education relations
There is also a
student exchange program between Brunei and Germany which was initiated in 2008 when a group of Bruneian students went to German universities to study.
Further reading
Germany, Brunei to discuss 'a whole range of issues'The Brunei Times
''The Brunei Times'' was an independent English-language daily compact broadsheet newspaper published in Brunei Darussalam from 2006 to 2016. It was owned by Brunei Times PLC.
History
The paper was introduced at a soft launch on 1 July 200 ...
See also
*
Foreign relations of Brunei
*
Foreign relations of Germany
The Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) is a Central European country and member of the European Union, G4, G7, the G20, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It maintains ...
References
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
Bilateral relations of Germany
{{bilateralrelations-stub