Bromic acid, also known as hydrogen bromate, is an

oxoacid An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains oxygen. Specifically, it is a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, with at least one hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen that can dissociate to produce ...

with the molecular formula HBrO₃. It only exists in aqueous solution.''The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals''. 14th Edition. 2006.''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia''. Glenn D. Considine. Ninth Edition. Volume 1. p 554 It is a colorless solution that turns yellow at room temperature as it decomposes to

bromine Bromine is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is the third-lightest element in group 17 of the periodic table ( halogens) and is a volatile red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a simi ...

.Recipes for Belousov–Zhabotinsky reagents. ''J. Chem. Educ.'', 1991, 68 (4), 320. DOI
10.1021/ed068p320
/ref> Bromic acid and

bromate The bromate anion, BrO, is a bromine-based oxoanion. A bromate is a chemical compound that contains this ion. Examples of bromates include sodium bromate, (), and potassium bromate, (). Bromates are formed many different ways in municipal drin ...

s are powerful oxidizing agents and are common ingredients in

Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction A Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, or BZ reaction, is one of a class of reactions that serve as a classical example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, resulting in the establishment of a nonlinear chemical oscillator. The only common element in ...

s.The Source of the Carbon Monoxide in the Classical Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction. ''J. Phys. Chem. A.'', 2007, 111 (32), 7805–12 DOI
10.1021/jp073512+
/ref> Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactions are a classic example of

non-equilibrium thermodynamics Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with physical systems that are not in thermodynamic equilibrium but can be described in terms of macroscopic quantities (non-equilibrium state variables) that represent an ext ...

Dissociation

Low concentrations dissociate completely to hydronium and bromate while high concentrations decompose to form bromine. Bromic acid's high instability can be explained because the positively charged hypervalent bromine is connected to the electronegative OH group.Theoretical investigation of halogen-oxygen bonding and its implications in halogen chemistry and reactivity. ''Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications'', 2007, 1, 11/1–11/9

Structure

There are several isomers of HBrO₃.A Theoretical Examination of the Isomerization Pathways for HBrO3 Isomers. ''J. Phys. Chem. A'', 2000, 104 (41), 9321-27. DOI
10.1021/jp001604s
/ref> The calculated bond lengths are listed below based on three high level theories G2MP2, CCSD(T), and QCISD(T). The large energy barriers between these structures do not make isomerization possible. HOBrO₂ is the most stable isomer and is the one pictured above.

Synthesis

Bromic acid is the product of a reaction of barium bromate and sulfuric acid. : Barium sulfate is insoluble in water and forms a precipitate. The aqueous bromic acid can be decanted removing the barium sulfate.

References

{{Authority control Bromates Halogen oxoacids Mineral acids Oxidizing acids