The Brazilian Election Justice ( pt, Justiça Eleitoral do Brasil) was created by Decree No. 21,076 of 24 February 1932, representing one of the innovations of the

Brazilian Revolution of 1930 The Revolution of 1930 () was an armed insurrection across Brazil that ended the Old Republic. The revolution replaced incumbent President Washington Luís with defeated presidential candidate and revolutionary leader Getúlio Vargas, concludi ...

. In 1932 there was the first edited '' Brazilian Election Code'', inspired by the Election Justice of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

and the ideas of Joaquim Francisco de Assis Brasil, a politician, farmer and ambassador

Supporting Law

Nowadays, the existence and regulation of the Election Justice in Brazil is determined in the articles 118 to 121 of the Federal Constitution of 1988, that established its exclusive attribution of the

Federal Union A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governi ...

legislating about Election Law. The Election Code and other laws give Executive and Legislative powers to the

Superior Electoral Court The Superior Electoral Court ( pt-BR, Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, TSE) is the highest body of the Brazilian Electoral Justice, which also comprises one Regional Electoral Court ( pt-BR, Tribunal Regional Eleitoral, TRE) in each of the 26 states ...

(TSE). The law, even if it is named to provide Judicial powers, include an aggregation of administrative and normative functions as well.

Comparative law

In other

countries A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state (polity), state, nation, or other polity, political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, so ...

, the solutions adopted to distribution of powers in the election process differ from one country to the other. In

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...

and

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bot ...

the Executive Power itself administers the elections; In the United States, France and Germany, this role is played in city level; in

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the eas ...

and

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

, there are independent organs, outside the Public Powers structure.

Functions

The functions of Elections Justice are the following:Amaral, 2006 * Regulating the elections process * Administration the elections process * Inspecting the accomplishment of the law * Inspecting the accounts of the elections campaigns * Judging controversies about elections * Punishing violations of elections law * Answering queries about election regulation * Judging appeals in election matters.

Bibliography

* Amaral, R.;Cunha, S.S. da. Manual das Eleições, 3ª ed.São Paulo: Saraiva, 2006, * Anais do Seminário Brasileiro de Direito Eleitoral. Porto Alegre: Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Rio Grande do Sul, 1990

References

External sources