Brazil–South Korea relations
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Brazil–South Korea relations refers to the
diplomatic relations Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...
between the
Federative Republic of Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area an ...
and the
Republic of Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its east ...
. Both nations are members of the
G20 The G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability, climate change mitigation, ...
and the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
.


History

In October 1959, Brazil and South Korea established diplomatic relations.South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Brazil
/ref>Brasil-Coreia (in Portuguese)
/ref> In 1962, South Korea opened a resident embassy in
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...
(its first in
Latin America Latin America or * french: Amérique Latine, link=no * ht, Amerik Latin, link=no * pt, América Latina, link=no, name=a, sometimes referred to as LatAm is a large cultural region in the Americas where Romance languages — languages derived f ...
). In 1965, Brazil opened an embassy in
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
. In 1962, the first masse migration from the
Korean peninsula Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
to Brazil occurred. Officials of the two countries struck a deal intended to ease unemployment in South Korea and develop farmlands in Brazil. Some of the immigrants did start out farming in Brazil when they first arrived, however, many saw no future in that and moved to the cities and became garment peddlers, and eventually began opening garment businesses throughout the country. More than 50,000 Brazilians are of Korean origin. In 1970, South Korean Prime Minister
Baek Du-jin Paik Too-chin or Baek Du-jin (October 7, 1908 – September 5, 1993) was a South Korean politician. He was acting prime minister until confirmed in office by the National Assembly on April 24, 1953, when he became the 4th Prime Minister of South ...
was sent to Brazil as a special envoy on behalf of President
Park Chung-hee Park Chung-hee (, ; 14 November 1917 – 26 October 1979) was a South Korean politician and army general who served as the dictator of South Korea from 1961 until his assassination in 1979; ruling as an unelected military strongman from 1961 ...
, paving the way to closer relations between the two nations. In 1996, South Korean President
Kim Young-sam Kim Young-sam (; or ; 20 December 1927 – 22 November 2015) was a Demographics of South Korea, South Korean politician and activist who served as the seventh president of South Korea from 1993 to 1998. From 1961, he spent almost 30 year ...
became the first South Korean head-of-government to pay an official visit to Brazil. In January 2001, Brazilian President
Fernando Henrique Cardoso Fernando Henrique Cardoso (; born 18 June 1931), also known by his initials FHC (), is a Brazilian sociologist, professor and politician who served as the 34th president of Brazil from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2002. He was the first Brazi ...
became the first Brazilian head-of-government to visit South Korea. While in South Korea, both nations signed an Agreement of Cooperation in the Peaceful uses of Nuclear Energy. There would be several more visits between leaders of both nations. In May 2018, Brazilian Foreign Minister
Aloysio Nunes Aloysio Nunes Ferreira Filho (born 5 April 1945) is a Brazilian lawyer and politician. A member of PSDB, Nunes was a senator from São Paulo from 2011 to 2017, and was Brazil's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2017 to 2019. Biography Aloysio Nu ...
traveled to Seoul to initiate discussions for a possible
Free trade agreement A free-trade agreement (FTA) or treaty is an agreement according to international law to form a free-trade area between the cooperating states. There are two types of trade agreements: bilateral and multilateral. Bilateral trade agreements occur ...
between
Mercosur The Southern Common Market, commonly known by Spanish abbreviation Mercosur, and Portuguese Mercosul, is a South American trade bloc established by the Treaty of Asunción in 1991 and Protocol of Ouro Preto in 1994. Its full members are Argentina ...
(for which Brazil is a member of) and South Korea. In October 2019, both nations celebrated 60 years of diplomatic relations.


High-level Visits

High-level visits from Brazil to South Korea * Foreign Minister
Francisco Rezek José Francisco Rezek (born January 18, 1944 in Cristina) is a Brazilian judge who served as a member of the International Court of Justice, based in The Hague, Netherlands, from 1996 to 2006. His surname "Rezek" comes from Lebanon. He earned hi ...
(1991) * President
Fernando Henrique Cardoso Fernando Henrique Cardoso (; born 18 June 1931), also known by his initials FHC (), is a Brazilian sociologist, professor and politician who served as the 34th president of Brazil from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2002. He was the first Brazi ...
(2001) * President
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (; born Luiz Inácio da Silva; 27 October 1945), known mononymously as Lula, is a Brazilian politician, trade unionist, and former metalworker who is the president-elect of Brazil. A member of the Workers' Party, ...
(2005, 2010) * Vice President
Michel Temer Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia (; born 23 September 1940) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and writer who served as the 37th president of Brazil from 31 August 2016 to 31 December 2018. He took office after the impeachment and removal from off ...
(2012) * Foreign Minister
Aloysio Nunes Aloysio Nunes Ferreira Filho (born 5 April 1945) is a Brazilian lawyer and politician. A member of PSDB, Nunes was a senator from São Paulo from 2011 to 2017, and was Brazil's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2017 to 2019. Biography Aloysio Nu ...
(2018) High-level visits from South Korea to Brazil * Prime Minister
Baek Du-jin Paik Too-chin or Baek Du-jin (October 7, 1908 – September 5, 1993) was a South Korean politician. He was acting prime minister until confirmed in office by the National Assembly on April 24, 1953, when he became the 4th Prime Minister of South ...
(1970) * Foreign Minister
Kim Yong-shik Kim Yong-shik (Korean: 김용식; November 11, 1913 – March 31, 1995) was a South Korean lawyer and diplomat. Personal life Kim's younger brother was Korean author Kim Yong-ik. He graduated from the Law College of Chuo University in Tokyo ...
(1973) * Foreign Minister Gong Ro-myung (1995) * President
Kim Young-sam Kim Young-sam (; or ; 20 December 1927 – 22 November 2015) was a Demographics of South Korea, South Korean politician and activist who served as the seventh president of South Korea from 1993 to 1998. From 1961, he spent almost 30 year ...
(1996) * Prime Minister
Kim Jong-pil Kim Jong-pil (; ; January 7, 1926 – June 23, 2018), also known colloquially as JP, was a South Korean politician and the founder/first director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA, now the National Intelligence Service). He s ...
(1999) * President
Roh Moo-hyun Roh Moo-hyun (; ; 1 September 1946 – 23 May 2009) was a South Korean politician and lawyer who served as the ninth president of South Korea between 2003 and 2008. Roh's pre-presidential political career was focused on human rights advocacy for ...
(2004) * President
Lee Myung-bak Lee Myung-bak (; ; ; born 19 December 1941) is a South Korean businessman and politician who served as the 10th president of South Korea from 2008 to 2013. Before his presidency, he was the CEO of Hyundai Engineering and Construction, and the ma ...
(2008, 2012) * Prime Minister
Kim Hwang-sik Kim Hwang-sik (; born 9 August 1948) is a South Korean lawyer and politician who was the country's Prime Minister from October 2010 to February 2013 under President Lee Myung-bak. He was the former Chairperson of the Board of Audit and Inspect ...
(2011) * Foreign Minister Kim Sung-hwan (2012) * President
Park Geun-hye Park Geun-hye (; ; often in English ; born 2 February 1952) is a South Korean politician who served as the 11th president of South Korea from 2013 to 2017, until she was impeached and convicted on related corruption charges. Park was the fi ...
(2015) * Prime Minister
Lee Nak-yon Lee Nak-yon (; born 20 December 1952), also known as Lee Nak-yeon, is a South Korean politician who served as the 41st Prime Minister of South Korea from 2017 to 2020. A member of the Democratic Party of Korea, he is the longest-serving prime ...
(2018)


Bilateral agreements

Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as a Trade Agreement (1963); Agreement for Cultural Cooperation (1966); Agreement to Avoid Double Taxation (1987); Agreement in Scientific and Technological Cooperation (1991); Agreement on Air Transportation (1992); Agreement in Tourism Cooperation (1996); Agreement of Cooperation in the Peaceful uses of Nuclear Energy (2001); Agreement for a Visa Waiver for Touristic Purposes (2001); Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (2002); Memorandum of Understanding on Energy and Mineral Resources (2004); Memorandum of Understanding establishing the Agricultural Advisory Committee (2005); Memorandum of Understanding for Information Technology Cooperation (2005); Agreement in Defense Cooperation (2006); and an Agreement in Social Security (2012).


Resident diplomatic missions

* Brazil has an embassy in
Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
. * South Korea has an embassy in
Brasília Brasília (; ) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located at the top of the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region. It was founded by President Juscelino Kubitsche ...
and a consulate-general in
São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...
.Embassy of South Korea in Brasília
/ref>


See also

* Brazil–North Korea relations * Brazilians in South Korea *
Korean Brazilians Korean Brazilians ( pt, Coreano-brasileiro, Korean: 한국계 브라질인 or 韓國系 브라질人) are Brazilians of full, partial or predominantly Korean ancestry or a Korean-born person residing in Brazil. The Korean population in Brazil, th ...


References

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
Bilateral relations of South Korea {{Bilateralrelations-stub