Coordinates: 51°43′34″N 0°32′59″W / 51.726101°N 0.549722°W / 51.726101; -0.549722 The Bovingdon stack is a section of airspace to the north west of London where inbound planes to London Heathrow Airport, which is 20 miles (30 km) to the south, are held. It is a busy example of a hold. It extends above the village of Bovingdon and the town of Chesham, and requires the VOR navigational beacon BNN which is situated on the former RAF Bovingdon airfield. At busy times on a clear day a dozen planes may be circling overhead. Other holding patterns serving Heathrow are at Biggin Hill, Kent (BIG - SE Arrivals), Lambourne, Essex (LAM - NE Arrivals) and Ockham, Surrey (OCK - SW Arrivals), where inbound aircraft will normally use the pattern closest to their arrival route. They can be visualised as invisible helter skelters in the sky. The stack descends in 1000 ft (300 m) intervals from 16,000 ft (4,000m) down to 8000 ft (2,100m). On 1 December 2003 at 6am, a major disaster in the stack was narrowly avoided. An air traffic controller was blamed by a later inquiry for misdirecting traffic when he ordered a United Airlines Boeing 777 into a level of the Bovingdon Hold (or stack) already occupied by a similar British Airways plane. The two planes, carrying 500 passengers, flew within 600 vertical feet (180 m) of each other.[citation needed] See also[edit]

Traffic collision avoidance system

External links[edit]

International Aviation Safety Association (IASA) Description of the near miss on 1 December 2003 "ATCO: Day in the life (a real life transcript of air traffic control in the area)". Archived from the original on 29 February 2008. Retrieved 2004-11-10. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url sta