Black conservatism in the United States is a political and social movement rooted in communities of African descent that aligns largely with the American conservative movement, including the

Christian right The Christian right, or the religious right, are Christian political factions characterized by their strong support of socially conservative and traditionalist policies. Christian conservatives seek to influence politics and public policy with ...

Black conservatism Black conservatism is a political and social philosophy rooted in communities of African descent that aligns largely with the conservative ideology around the world. Black conservatives emphasize traditionalism, patriotism, self-sufficiency, an ...

emphasizes

social conservatism Social conservatism is a political philosophy and variety of conservatism which places emphasis on traditional power structures over social pluralism. Social conservatives organize in favor of duty, traditional values and social institut ...

traditionalism Traditionalism is the adherence to traditional beliefs or practices. It may also refer to: Religion * Traditional religion, a religion or belief associated with a particular ethnic group * Traditionalism (19th-century Catholicism), a 19th–c ...

patriotism Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and sense of attachment to one's country. This attachment can be a combination of many different feelings, language relating to one's own homeland, including ethnic, cultural, political or histor ...

capitalism Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. Central characteristics of capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets, price system, private ...

, and

free market In economics, a free market is an economic system in which the prices of goods and services are determined by supply and demand expressed by sellers and buyers. Such markets, as modeled, operate without the intervention of government or any ot ...

s. What characterizes a "black conservative" has changed over time, and the people listed below do not necessarily share the same political philosophy. Influential Black conservatives in the early 21st century who held office include Senator

Tim Scott Timothy Eugene Scott (born September 19, 1965) is an American businessman and politician serving as the junior United States senator from South Carolina since 2013. A member of the Republican Party, Scott was appointed to the U.S. Senate by Go ...

, Supreme Court Justice

Clarence Thomas Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an American jurist who serves as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was nominated by President George H. W. Bush to succeed Thurgood Marshall and has served since 1 ...

, and Cabinet secretaries Ben Carson,

Condoleezza Rice Condoleezza Rice ( ; born November 14, 1954) is an American diplomat and political scientist who is the current director of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. A member of the Republican Party, she previously served as the 66th Un ...

, and

Colin Powell Colin Luther Powell ( ; April 5, 1937 – October 18, 2021) was an American politician, statesman, diplomat, and United States Army officer who served as the 65th United States Secretary of State from 2001 to 2005. He was the first Africa ...

Thomas Sowell Thomas Sowell (; born June 30, 1930) is an American author, economist, political commentator and academic who is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution. With widely published commentary and books—and as a guest on TV and radio—he becam ...

Shelby Steele Shelby Steele (born January 1, 1946) is an author, columnist, documentary film maker, and a Robert J. and Marion E. Oster Senior Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution. He specializes in the study of race relations, multiculturalism ...

Armstrong Williams Armstrong Williams (born February 5, 1962) is an American political commentator, entrepreneur, author, and talk show host. Williams writes a nationally syndicated conservative newspaper column, has hosted a daily radio show, and hosts a nationa ...

, Walter Williams and

Candace Owens Candace Amber Owens Farmer ( Owens; born April 29, 1989) is an American conservative author, talk show host, political commentator, and activist. Initially critical of United States President Donald Trump and the Republican Party, Owens has be ...

are among the most influential black conservative political commentators.

Overview

Booker T Washington retouched flattened-crop

Beliefs

One of the main characteristics of black conservatism is its emphasis on personal choice and responsibilities above

socioeconomic status Socioeconomic status (SES) is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's economic access to resources and social position in relation to others. When analyzing a family's ...

and

institutional racism Institutional racism, also known as systemic racism, is a form of racism that is embedded in the laws and regulations of a society or an organization. It manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, health ...

. In the tradition of African American politics and intellectual life, black conservatives tend to side with

Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American c ...

as contrasted with

W. E. B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois ( ; February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American-Ghanaian sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up i ...

. For many black conservatives, the key mission is to bring repair and success to the black community by applying the following fundamental principles: * The pursuit of educational and professional excellence as a means of advancement within the society; * Policies that promote safety and security in the community beyond the typical casting of a criminal as a "victim" of societal racism; * Not using the lens of race and the country's history of discrimination as justifications for not excelling to the best of your abilities; * Local economic development through free enterprise rather than looking to the federal government for assistance; * Empowerment of the individual via self-improvement (virtue), conscience, and supernatural grace. Black conservatives typically oppose affirmative action and tend to argue that efforts to obtain

reparations for slavery Reparations for slavery is the application of the concept of reparations to victims of slavery and/or their descendants. There are concepts for reparations in legal philosophy and reparations in transitional justice. Reparations can take numer ...

are either misguided or counter-productive. Black conservatives tend to be self-critical of aspects of

African-American culture African-American culture refers to the contributions of African Americans to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from mainstream American culture. The culture is both distinct and enormously influential on Ameri ...

that they believe have created poverty and dependency. Black conservatives—especially black Republicans—are often accused of being

Uncle Tom Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel, '' Uncle Tom's Cabin''. The character was seen by many readers as a ground-breaking humanistic portrayal of a slave, one who uses nonresistance and gives his life to prot ...

s. ''

Ebony Ebony is a dense black/brown hardwood, coming from several species in the genus '' Diospyros'', which also contains the persimmons. Unlike most woods, ebony is dense enough to sink in water. It is finely textured and has a mirror finish when ...

'' in their May 2001 "100+ Most Influential Black Americans" issue, did not include a number of influential African Americans such as

, Walter Williams and, most notably, Supreme Court Justice

. ''

The Economist ''The Economist'' is a British weekly newspaper printed in demitab format and published digitally. It focuses on current affairs, international business, politics, technology, and culture. Based in London, the newspaper is owned by The Eco ...

'' described the exclusion of Justice Thomas from the list as spiteful. Black conservatives favor integration of African Americans into mainstream America and, consequently, disagree with black nationalism and separatism. Black conservatives are more inclined to support economic policies promoting

free trade Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports. It can also be understood as the free market idea applied to international trade. In government, free trade is predominantly advocated by political parties that hold econ ...

and tax cuts. According to a 2004 study , 14% of blacks identified as "Conservative" or "Extremely Conservative"with another 14% identifying as slightly conservative. However, the same study indicated that less than ten percent identified as Republican or Republican-leaning. Likewise, a 2007

Pew Research Center The Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan American think tank (referring to itself as a "fact tank") based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and th ...

survey showed that 19% of blacks identified as Religious Right. In 2004, though, the

indicated only 7% of blacks identified as Republican. A

National Election Pool The National Election Pool (NEP) is a consortium of American news organizations formed in 2003 to provide exit polling information for US elections, replacing the Voter News Service which had failed disastrously in 2002. The system produced sk ...

poll showed that support for

California Proposition 8 (2008) Proposition 8, known informally as Prop 8, was a California ballot proposition and a state constitutional amendment intended to ban same-sex marriage; it passed in the November 2008 California state elections and was later overturned in cou ...

(a state constitutional amendment defining marriage as an opposite-sex union) was strong among

African-American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ensl ...

voters; 70% of those interviewed in the exit poll—a higher percentage than any other racial group—stated that they voted in favor of Proposition 8. Polls by both the

Associated Press The Associated Press (AP) is an American non-profit news agency headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1846, it operates as a cooperative, unincorporated association. It produces news reports that are distributed to its members, U.S. new ...

and CNN mirrored this data, reporting support among black voters to be at 70% and 75%, respectively. African American support was considered crucial to the Proposition's passage because African Americans made up an unusually large percentage of voters in 2008; the presence of African American presidential candidate

Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, Obama was the first Af ...

on the ballot was believed to have increased African American voter turnout.

Historical basis

From

Reconstruction Reconstruction may refer to: Politics, history, and sociology * Reconstruction (law), the transfer of a company's (or several companies') business to a new company *''Perestroika'' (Russian for "reconstruction"), a late 20th century Soviet Unio ...

up until the

New Deal The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. Major federal programs agencies included the Civilian Con ...

, the black population tended to vote Republican. During that period, the Republican Party—particularly in the

Southern United States The Southern United States (sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, or simply the South) is a geographic and cultural region of the United States of America. It is between the Atlantic Ocean ...

—was seen as more racially liberal than the Democratic Party, primarily because of the role of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party as the party of

racial segregation Racial segregation is the systematic separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life. Racial segregation can amount to the international crime of apartheid and a crime against humanity under the Statute of the Intern ...

and the Republican Party's roots in the

abolitionist Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people. The British ...

movement (see

Dixiecrat The States' Rights Democratic Party (whose members are often called the Dixiecrats) was a short-lived segregationist political party in the United States, active primarily in the South. It arose due to a Southern regional split in opposition ...

s). Blacks started to shift in significant numbers to the Democrats with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt and continued with the election of John F. Kennedy. Among Truman Administration officials, the publication of Henry Lee Moon's ''Balance of Power'' spurred Democratic partisan support for African-American constituencies. This shift was also influenced by

Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party, holding office during the onset of the Gre ...

's practice of firing loyal African-Americans from positions within the Republican Party, in order to increase his appeal to Southern white voters. This can be considered an early example of a set of Republican Party methods that were later termed the

Southern Strategy In American politics, the Southern strategy was a Republican Party electoral strategy to increase political support among white voters in the South by appealing to racism against African Americans. As the civil rights movement and dismantling of ...

Timeline of events

Tim Scott, official portrait, 112th Congress crop

Colin Powell official Secretary of State photo

Clarence Thomas official SCOTUS portrait

Allen West, Official Portrait, 112th Congress

This is a timeline of significant events in African-American history that have shaped the conservative movement in the United States. ; 1950s * 1954 – President

Dwight Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War I ...

appoints the following: **

Archie Alexander Archibald Alphonso Alexander (May 14, 1888January 4, 1958) was an American architect and engineer. He was an early African-American graduate of the University of Iowa and the first to graduate from the University of Iowa's College of Engineering. ...

as Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands **

J. Ernest Wilkins Sr. Jesse Ernest Wilkins Sr. (February 1, 1894 – January 19, 1959) was a U.S. lawyer, labor leader, undersecretary in the Eisenhower administration and both the first African-American to be appointed to a sub-cabinet position in the United States ...

as Undersecretary of Labor for International Labor Affairs **

E. Frederic Morrow Everett Frederic Morrow (April 20, 1909 – July 19, 1994) was the first African American to hold an executive position at the White House. He served President Dwight Eisenhower as Administrative Officer for Special Projects from 1955 to 1961. Ea ...

as Administrative Officer for Special Projects ; 1960s *

Melvin H. Evans Melvin Herbert Evans (August 7, 1917 – November 27, 1984) was a Crucian politician, who served as the appointive, and the first elected governor of the United States Virgin Islands, serving from 1969 to 1975. After serving as governor he was d ...

is elected Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands ; 1970s * 1975 – President

Gerald Ford Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. ( ; born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th president of the United States from 1974 to 1977. He was the only president never to have been elected ...

appoints the following: ** William T. Coleman as Secretary of Transportation ** James B. Parsons is named Chief Judge of the US District Court in Chicago * 1978 –

is elected to US Congress (Virgin Islands) * 1979 –

Ethel D. Allen Ethel D. Allen (May 8, 1929 – December 16, 1981) was an African-American politician and physician from the Republican Party, who served as the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under governor Dick Thornburgh for 10 months, between ...

is appointed

Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania The secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (or "secretary of state") administers the Pennsylvania Department of State of the U.S. state (officially, "commonwealth") of Pennsylvania. The secretary is appointed by the governor subject to ...

; 1980s * 1980 – NAACP President

Benjamin Hooks Benjamin Lawson Hooks (January 31, 1925 – April 15, 2010) was an American civil rights leader and government official. A Baptist minister and practicing attorney, he served as executive director of the National Association for the Advanceme ...

is invited to address the Republican National Convention * 1981 – President

Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan ( ; February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician, actor, and union leader who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He also served as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 ...

appoints the following: ** Clarence M. Pendleton Jr. as Chairman of the US Civil Rights Commission ** Samuel Pierce as

United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development The United States secretary of housing and urban development (or HUD secretary) is the head of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, a member of the president's Cabinet Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to: Furnitur ...

* 1982 – President Reagan appoints

as Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. * 1985 – President Reagan appoints Alan Keyes the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs. * 1987 – President Reagan appoints

Colin L. Powell Colin Luther Powell ( ; April 5, 1937 – October 18, 2021) was an American politician, statesman, diplomat, and United States Army officer who served as the 65th United States Secretary of State from 2001 to 2005. He was the first African ...

the

National Security Advisor A national security advisor serves as the chief advisor to a national government on matters of security. The advisor is not usually a member of the government's cabinet but is usually a member of various military or security councils. National sec ...

. * 1989 – President George H. W. Bush appoints the following: ** Louis Wade Sullivan as

United States Secretary of Health and Human Services The United States secretary of health and human services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States on all health matters. The secretary is ...

General A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". O ...

Colin L. Powell as

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) is the presiding officer of the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS). The chairman is the highest-ranking and most senior military officer in the United States Armed Forces Chairman: app ...

as Senior Director of the National Security Council for Soviet and East European Affairs **

Constance Berry Newman Constance Ernestine Berry Newman (born July 8, 1935, in Chicago, Illinois) is an American attorney and diplomat who served as the United States Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs from July 2004 to April 2005. Early life and educat ...

as Director of

United States Office of Personnel Management The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government that manages the US civilian service. The agency provides federal human resources policy, oversight and support, and tends ...

** Vernon Parker as Special Assistant to the President on the White House Staff ; 1990s * 1990 –

Arthur Fletcher Arthur Allen Fletcher (December 22, 1924 – July 12, 2005) was an American government official, widely referred to as the "father of affirmative action" as he was largely responsible for the Revised Philadelphia Plan. Biography Arthur Fletch ...

is appointed as the Chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights * 1990 – President George H. W. Bush appoints

George W. Haley George Williford Boyce Haley (August 28, 1925 – May 13, 2015) was an American attorney, diplomat and policy expert who served under seven presidential administrations. He was one of two younger brothers to the Pulitzer Prize winner Alex Haley. ...

chairman of the

Postal Rate Commission The United States Postal Regulatory Commission (or PRC), formerly called the Postal Rate Commission, is an independent regulatory agency created by the Postal Reorganization Act of 1970. Like the Postal Service, it was defined in law as an indep ...

* 1990 –

Gary Franks Gary Alvin Franks (born February 9, 1953) is an American politician who was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut for six years, from 1991 until 1997. He is the first African-American elected to the U.S. Congress from Con ...

(CT) is elected to US Congress * 1991 – President George H. W. Bush appoints

to U.S. Supreme Court * 1993 – President George H. W. Bush appoints John W. Shannon as

United States Under Secretary of the Army The United States under secretary of the Army is the second-highest-ranking civilian official of the United States Department of the Army, serving directly under the United States Secretary of the Army. The Secretary and Under Secretary, togethe ...

* 1994 –

Victoria Buckley Victoria Buckley (November 2, 1947 – July 14, 1999) was an American politician who served as the Secretary of State of Colorado from 1995 to 1999. Early life, education, and career Victoria "Vikki" Buckley was born November 2, 1947 in Denver, ...

elected as

Secretary of State of Colorado The secretary of state of Colorado is the secretary of state of the state of Colorado in the United States. The office is one of five elected constitutional offices in the state. The current secretary of state is Democrat Jena Griswold. Struc ...

** Lonna Hooks appointed as

Secretary of State of New Jersey The secretary of state of New Jersey oversees the Department of State, which is one of the original state offices. The Secretary is responsible for overseeing artistic, cultural, and historical programs within the U.S. state of New Jersey, as w ...

* 1994 –

J. C. Watts Julius Caesar Watts Jr. (born November 18, 1957) is an American politician, clergyman, and athlete. Watts was a college football quarterback for the Oklahoma Sooners and later played professionally in the Canadian Football League. He served in ...

(OK) elected to US Congress * 1998 – U.S. House of Representatives elects

(R-OK) to be Chairman of the House Republican Conference. ** DeForest Soaries appointed as

* 1998 – Ken Blackwell elected as the Ohio Secretary of State **

Joe Rogers Joe Rogers may refer to: *Joe Rogers (politician) Joseph Bernard Rogers (July 8, 1964 – October 7, 2013) was an American politician served as the 45th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado from 1999 to 2003. Early life and education Rogers was born ...

elected as the

Lieutenant Governor of Colorado The lieutenant governor of Colorado is the second-highest-ranking member of the executive department of the Government of Colorado, United States, below the governor of Colorado. The lieutenant governor of Colorado, who acts as governor of Colora ...

; 2000s * 2001 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

as the

United States Secretary of State The United States secretary of state is a member of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States and the head of the U.S. Department of State. The office holder is one of the highest ranking members of the president's Ca ...

** Roderick R. Paige as the

United States Secretary of Education The United States secretary of education is the head of the U.S. Department of Education. The secretary serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States, and the federal government, on policies, programs, and activities re ...

as Advisor of the National Security Council **

Alphonso Jackson Alphonso R. Jackson (born September 9, 1945) served as the 13th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). He was nominated by President George W. Bush on August 28, 2004 and confirmed by the Senate on August 31, 2004. Jac ...

as the Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development **

Claude Allen Claude Alexander Allen Jr. (born October 11, 1960) is an American attorney who was appointed to be Assistant to the President of the United States for Domestic Policy by George W. Bush. Allen grew up in Philadelphia and graduated from the Univ ...

as the Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services ** Leo S. Mackay Jr. as the Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs ** Larry D. Thompson as the

United States Deputy Attorney General The United States deputy attorney general is the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice and oversees the day-to-day operation of the Department. The deputy attorney general acts as attorney general during the ...

** Michael Powell as the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission ** Stephen A. Perry as Administrator of General Services Administration ** Kay Coles James as Director of

** Charles E. James, Sr. as Director of Federal Contract Compliance ** Ruth A. Davis as Director General of the Foreign Service ** Reginald J. Brown as

Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) The Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) — abbreviated ASA(M&RA) — is a civilian official in the United States Department of the Army. U.S. law provides that there shall be five Assistant Secretaries of the Army "app ...

Brigadier General Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointe ...

Francis X. Taylor as Coordinator for Counterterrorism ** Eric M. Bost as

Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services The Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services is a position created within the United States Department of Agriculture in 1993, and is responsible for administrating the department's fifteen nutrition and food security programs and ...

** Brian C. Roseboro as

Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Markets The Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Markets is an official in the United States Department of the Treasury who heads the Office of Financial Markets. The office is currently held by Joshua Frost. According to U.S. statute, there ...

** Dr.

Eric Motley Eric Lamar Motley (born 1972) is the Deputy Director of the National Gallery of Art, located in Washington, D.C. Early life and education Eric was born near Montgomery, Alabama, United States and grew up in the Madison Park community (Montgomery, ...

as Deputy Associate Director, Office of Presidential Personnel ** Pierre-Richard Prosper as

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues **

Andrea Barthwell Andrea Grubb Barthwell, M.D. (born 1953 or 1954) worked in the White House under President of the United States George W. Bush as Deputy Director for Demand Reduction at the Office of National Drug Control Policy. Education Barthwell studied at Wes ...

as deputy director for Demand Reduction at the

Office of National Drug Control Policy The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) is a component of the Executive Office of the President of the United States. The Director of the ONDCP, colloquially known as the Drug Czar, heads the office. "Drug Czar" was a term first used i ...

*** Randy Daniels,

Secretary of State of New York The secretary of state of New York is a cabinet officer in the government of the U.S. state of New York who leads the Department of State (NYSDOS). The current secretary of state of New York is Robert J. Rodriguez, a Democrat. Duties The secr ...

joins the GOP. * 2002 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

Major General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...

Claude M. Bolton Jr. as

United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology The Office of the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology (ASA(ALT) pronounced ''A-salt'') is known as OASA(ALT). OASA(ALT) serves, when delegated, as the Army Acquisition Executive, the Senior Pr ...

Lynn Swann Lynn Curtis Swann (born March 7, 1952) is an American former American football, football player, broadcaster, politician, and athletic director, best known for his association with the University of Southern California and the Pittsburgh Steelers ...

as Chairman of the

President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports The President's Council on Sports, Fitness and Nutrition (PCSFN) is an American government organization that aims to "promote, encourage and motivate Americans of all ages to become Physical activity, physically active and participate in sports". ...

Francis X. Taylor as Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security **

Ron Christie Ronald Irvin Christie (born August 7, 1969) is an American government relations expert and Republican political strategist, who has also worked as a member of former Vice President Dick Cheney's staff. He is the author of two books, and an occ ...

as Special Assistant to the President * Michael Steele elected as Lieutenant Governor of Maryland * Jennette Bradley elected as

Lieutenant Governor of Ohio The position of lieutenant governor of Ohio was established in 1852. The lieutenant governor becomes governor if the governor resigns, dies in office or is removed by impeachment. Before 1852, the president of the Ohio State Senate would serve as ...

* 2003 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

Clark Ervin Clark Kent Ervin (born April 1, 1959), currently the head oat the Aspen Institute, was the first Inspector General of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Political career He was appointed on December 26, 2003, in a recess app ...

Inspector General An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization. The plural of the term is "inspectors general". Australia The Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security (Australia) (IGIS) is an independent statutory of ...

of the

United States Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries. Its stated missions involve anti-ter ...

** Vernon Parker as Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Civil Rights * 2004 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

Gerald A. Reynolds Gerald A. Reynolds (born 1964) is an American politician and lawyer who served as chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights from 2004 to 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he was appointed by President George W. Bush on Decemb ...

as Chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights **

Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs The Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of African Affairs is the head of the Bureau of African Affairs, within the United States Department of State, who guides operation of the U.S. diplomatic establishment in the countries of sub-Saharan Afric ...

** Brian C. Roseboro as Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance *

Randy Brock Randolph D. "Randy" Brock III (born September 28, 1943) is an American politician from the state of Vermont and a member of the Republican Party. He currently serves in the Vermont Senate and is the first African American caucus leader in Vermo ...

elected as

Vermont Auditor of Accounts The Vermont State Auditor of Accounts is one of six constitutional officers in Vermont, elected statewide every two years. The Office provides an independent and objective assessment of Vermont's governmental operations. The current Auditor is ...

* 2005 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

as Director of the

Domestic Policy Council The Domestic Policy Council (DPC) is the principal forum used by the president of the United States for the consideration of domestic policy matters and senior policymaking, Cabinet, and White House officials. The Council is part of the Office ...

Admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet ...

John O. Agwunobi as United States Assistant Secretary for Health **

Jendayi Frazer Jendayi Elizabeth Frazer (born 1961) is the former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, heading the Bureau of African Affairs. She was a Distinguished Service Professor at Carnegie Mellon University's Heinz College and Departm ...

** B. J. Penn as Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Installation and Environment) **** Jennette Bradley is appointed

Ohio State Treasurer The treasurer of the U.S. state of Ohio is responsible for collecting and safeguarding taxes and fees, as well as managing state investments. The Treasury was located in the Ohio Statehouse from 1861 to 1974, when it was moved to the Rhodes State ...

* 2006 – President George W. Bush appoints the following: **

Lurita Doan Lurita Alexis Doan (born Lurita Alexis; January 4, 1958) is a businesswoman, political commentator, and former Republican appointee who was the administrator of the United States General Services Administration, the government's contracting agency ...

as Administrator of the

U.S. General Services Administration The General Services Administration (GSA) is an independent agency of the United States government established in 1949 to help manage and support the basic functioning of federal agencies. GSA supplies products and communications for U.S. gove ...

** Ronald J. James as

** Naomi C. Earp as Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission * 2009 – Michael Steele elected Chairman of the

Republican National Committee The Republican National Committee (RNC) is a U.S. political committee that assists the Republican Party of the United States. It is responsible for developing and promoting the Republican brand and political platform, as well as assisting in ...

; 2010s * 2010 –

(SC) and Lt Col. Allen West (FL) elected to US Congress ** Jennifer Carroll is elected

Lieutenant Governor of Florida The lieutenant governor of Florida is a statewide elected office in the government of the U.S. state of Florida. According to the Florida Constitution, the lieutenant governor is elected to a four-year term congruent with that of the governor of ...

* 2011 –

Herman Cain Herman Cain (December 13, 1945July 30, 2020) was an American businessman and Tea Party movement activist within the Republican Party. Born in Memphis, Tennessee, Cain grew up in Georgia and graduated from Morehouse College with a bachelor's d ...

sought the Republican presidential nomination in

2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gat ...

* 2012 –

Artur Davis Artur Genestre Davis (; born October 9, 1967) is an American attorney and former politician who served as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives for from 2003 to 2011. He was also a candidate for the Democratic nomina ...

, a former Democratic Party member of the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

joins the GOP. * 2013 –

(SC) is appointed to the

US Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...

. ** Dwayne Sawyer is appointed as

Indiana State Auditor The Indiana State Auditor is a constitutional and elected office in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. State of Indiana. The Auditor of Indiana is elected to a four-year term and is subject to term limits where the officeholder is b ...

* 2014 –

Mia Love Mia, MIA, or M.I.A. may refer to: Music Artists * M.I.A. (rapper) (born 1975), English rapper and singer * M.I.A. (band), 1980s punk rock band from Orange County, California * MIA., a German rock/pop band formed in 1997 * Mia (singer) (born 1983 ...

(UT) and Will Hurd (TX) elected to US Congress ** Boyd Rutherford is elected Lieutenant Governor of Maryland * 2015 – Ben Carson sought the Republican presidential nomination in

2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses duri ...

** Jenean Hampton is elected

Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky The lieutenant governor of Kentucky was created under the state's second constitution, which was ratified in 1799. The inaugural officeholder was Alexander Scott Bullitt, who took office in 1800 following his election to serve under James Garra ...

* 2016 – Curtis Hill is elected

Indiana Attorney General The Indiana Attorney General is the chief legal officer of the State of Indiana in the United States. Attorneys General are chosen by a statewide general election to serve for a four-year term. The forty-fourth and Attorney General is Todd Ro ...

receives three electoral votes for president from

faithless elector In the United States Electoral College, a faithless elector is an elector who does not vote for the candidates for U.S. President and U.S. Vice President for whom the elector had pledged to vote, and instead votes for another person for one or ...

s * 2017 – President

Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of P ...

appoints the following: ** Ben Carson as

** Omarosa Manigault as Director of Communications for the

Office of Public Liaison The White House Office of Public Engagement is a unit of the White House Office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States. Under the administration of President Barack Obama, it was called the White House Office of Publ ...

Jerome Adams Jerome Michael Adams (born September 22, 1974) is an American anesthesiologist and a former vice admiral in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps who served as the 20th surgeon general of the United States from September 5, 2017 un ...

Surgeon General of the United States The surgeon general of the United States is the operational head of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) and thus the leading spokesperson on matters of public health in the federal government of the United States. T ...

** Naomi C. Earp as Agriculture Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights **

Alveda King Alveda Celeste King (born January 22, 1951) is an American activist, author, and former state representative for the 28th District in the Georgia House of Representatives. She is a niece of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and daughte ...

as a member of the Frederick Douglass Bicentennial Commission **

Johnny C. Taylor Jr. Johnny Clayton Taylor Jr. is an American lawyer, author, board member and public speaker who is the president and Chief Executive Officer of the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). He was previously president and CEO of the Thurgood M ...

as Chairman of the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities **

Ja'Ron Smith Ja'Ron K. Smith (born July 29, 1982) is an American political advisor. He served as a Deputy Assistant to the President and deputy director of the Office of American Innovation for Donald Trump from April 2019 to November 2020. Smith had previou ...

as Director of Urban Affairs and Revitalization ** Charles E. James, Sr as Director of the Transport Department Office of Civil Rights ** Cyril Sartor as Director for African Affairs ** James E. Williams as Chief Financial Officer of Labor **

L. Eric Patterson as Director of Homeland Security's Federal Protective Service ** Jacquelyn Hayes-Byrd as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Human Resources and Administration ** Dana W. White as

Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs The Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs, or ATSD (PA), is the principal staff advisor and assistant to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense for public information, internal information, community relations ...

** Andrew F. Knaggs as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Combating Terrorism ** Gary Washington as Member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation * 2018 – President

appoints the following: **

Kiron Skinner Kiron Kanina Skinner (born 1961) is a former Director of Policy Planning at the United States Department of State in the Trump administration. Skinner is presently the Taube Professor of International Relations and Politics at the Pepperdine Unive ...

Director of Policy Planning The Director of Policy Planning is the United States Department of State official in charge of the department's internal think tank, the Policy Planning Staff. In the department, the Director of Policy Planning has a rank equivalent to Assistan ...

*** Robyn Crittenden appointed

Secretary of State of Georgia The Secretary of State of the U.S. state of Georgia is an elected official with a wide variety of responsibilities, including supervising elections and maintaining public records. The office has had a four-year term since 1946. Before 1880, th ...

* 2019 – President

appoints the following: ** Tamara Bonzanto as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs (Accountability and Whistleblower Protection) ** Hannibal Ware as Inspector General of the Small Business Administration ** Michael Kubayanda as Commissioner of the Postal Regulatory Commission ** Rodney Hood as a Member of the National Credit Union Administration ** Daniel Cameron elected Kentucky Attorney General ;2020s * 2020 –

Burgess Owens Clarence Burgess Owens (born August 2, 1951) is an American politician, nonprofit executive and former professional football player serving as the U.S. representative for Utah's 4th congressional district since 2021. He played safety for 10 se ...

(UT) and Byron Donalds (FL) elected to US Congress * 2021 –

Winsome Sears Winsome Sears (née Earle; born March 11, 1964) is a Jamaican-born American politician serving as the 42nd lieutenant governor of Virginia. A member of the Republican Party, Sears served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 2002 to 2004. She ...

is elected

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia The lieutenant governor of Virginia is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The lieutenant governor is elected every four years along with the governor and attorney general. The office is currently held by Winsome Earle ...

* 2022 – Wesley Hunt (TX) and John James (MI) elected to US Congress

African American Conservative politicians

Alabama

* Kenneth Paschal – Alabama State Representative (2021–present) * Juan Chastang – Mobile County Commissioner (2005–2008)

Alaska

* Stanley Wright - Alaska State Assemblyman (2023-present) * Sharon Jackson – Alaska State Assemblywoman (2018–2021) * David S. Wilson – Alaska State Senator (2017–present) * Walt Furnace – Alaska State Assemblyman (1983–1991) *

Selwyn Carrol Selwyn George Carrol (October 31, 1928 – December 21, 2010) was an American politician who served as a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from 1972 to 1974. Early life Carrol was a native of Altamonte Springs, Florida. He was raised ...

– Alaska State Assemblyman (1973–1975)

Arizona

* Dave Marshall – Arizona State Representative (2023-present) * Jerone Davison – U.S. House candidate (2022) and

Oakland Raiders The Oakland Raiders were a professional American football team that played in Oakland from its founding in 1960 to 1981 and again from 1995 to 2019 before relocating to the Las Vegas metropolitan area where they now play as the Las Vegas Ra ...

football player *

Walter Blackman Walter Blackman (born 1965/1966) is an American politician serving as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives from the 6th district. He is the first Black Republican elected to the Arizona State Legislature. Blackman served 21 years in ...

– Arizona State Representative (2019–2023) and U.S. House candidate (2022)

California

* Larry Elder –

Governor of California The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard. Established in the Constitution of California, t ...

nominee (2021) *

Rosey Grier Roosevelt "Rosey" Grier (born July 14, 1932) is an American actor, singer, Protestant minister, and former professional football player. He was a notable college football player for Pennsylvania State University who earned a retrospective plac ...

–

candidate (2018) and

New York Giants The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in the New York metropolitan area. The Giants compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East divisio ...

football player. *

Damon Dunn Damon Jerrel Dunn (born March 15, 1976) is an American politician, commercial real estate developer, minister, and former football player. Early life Dunn was born in 1976 in Fort Worth, Texas to a 16-year-old mother, Ramona Dunn. When Dunn ...

–

California Secretary of State The secretary of state of California is the chief clerk of the U.S. state of California, overseeing a department of 500 people. The secretary of state is elected for four year terms, like the state's other constitutional officers; the officeh ...

nominee (

2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in history; The Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland disrupts air travel in Europe; A scene from the opening ceremony of ...

) and

Dallas Cowboys The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East divis ...

football player * H. Abram Wilson – Mayor of

San Ramon, California San Ramon ( Spanish: ''San Ramón'', meaning "St. Raymond") is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States, located within the San Ramon Valley, and east of San Francisco. San Ramon's population was 84,605 per the 2020 census, ma ...

(2002–2007) * Ward Connerly –

University of California The University of California (UC) is a public land-grant research university system in the U.S. state of California. The system is composed of the campuses at Berkeley, Davis, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, University of Califor ...

Regent A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...

(1993–2005)

Connecticut

* George Logan – U.S. House nominee (2022) and Connecticut State Senator (2017–2021) * Aundre Bumgardner – Connecticut State Representative (2015–2017)

Delaware

* Donald Blakey – Delaware State Representative (2007–2015)

Florida

Corey Simon Corey Jermaine Simon Sr. (born March 2, 1977) is an American politician and former professional football player. A member of the Republican Party, he has served as the Florida State Senator from the 3rd district since 2022. He previously played ...

–

Florida State Senator The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in ...

(2022-present) and

Indianapolis Colts The Indianapolis Colts are a professional American football team based in Indianapolis. The Colts compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) South division. Since the 2008 ...

football player. * Berny Jacques -

Florida State Representative The Florida House of Representatives is the lower house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida Senate being the upper house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in ...

(2022-present) * Kiyan Michael -

(2022-present) *

Webster Barnaby Webster Barnaby (born December 9, 1959) is a British-American politician serving as a member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 27th district. He assumed office on November 3, 2020. Early life and education Barnaby was born in Bi ...

–

(2021–present) * Mike Hill –

(2019–2021 & 2013–2017) * Peter Boulware –

Florida House of Representatives The Florida House of Representatives is the lower house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida Senate being the upper house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopt ...

nominee (2008) and

Baltimore Ravens The Baltimore Ravens are a professional American football team based in Baltimore, Maryland. The Ravens compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division. The team plays its ...

football player

Georgia

Herschel Walker Herschel Junior Walker (born March 3, 1962) is an American former football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 12 seasons. He was also the Republican nominee in the 2022 United States Senate election in Georgia. ...

– U.S. Senate nominee (2022) and

football player *

Melvin Everson Melvin Everson (born September 24, 1957) is an American minister and politician from Georgia. Everson is a former Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 106th District, serving until 2011. Early life Everson was b ...

– Georgia State Representative (2005–2011) * Willie Talton – Georgia State Representative (2005–2015) * Vernon Jones – Georgia State Representative (1993–2001 and 2017–2021); previously a Democrat, he switched to Republican in January 2021

Hawaii

* Kenji Price -

United States Attorney United States attorneys are officials of the U.S. Department of Justice who serve as the chief federal law enforcement officers in each of the 94 U.S. federal judicial districts. Each U.S. attorney serves as the United States' chief federal ...

for the District of Hawaii (2018-2021)

Illinois

* Richard Irvin – Mayor of

Aurora An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), also commonly known as the polar lights, is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). Auroras display dynamic patterns of bri ...

(2017–present) *

Erika Harold Erika Natalie Louise Harold (born February 20, 1980) is an American attorney, politician, and former Miss America. Harold was Miss Illinois 2002 and Miss America 2003. Her pageant platform was combating bullying. In 2014, she was a candidate i ...

–

Illinois Attorney General The Illinois Attorney General is the highest legal officer of the state of Illinois in the United States. Originally an appointed office, it is now an office filled by statewide election. Based in Chicago and Springfield, Illinois, the attorn ...

nominee (2018), U.S. House candidate (2012/2014) and

Miss America Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 17 and 25. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is now judged on competitors' talent performances and interviews. As ...

(2003) * John D. Anthony – Illinois State Representative (2013–2016)

Indiana

* Roger Brown – Indianapolis City Councillor (1993-1997) and

Indiana Pacers The Indiana Pacers are an American professional basketball team based in Indianapolis. The Pacers compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division. The Pacers were first estab ...

basketball player

Iowa

* Eddie Andrews – Iowa State Representative (2021–present)

Kansas

* Patrick Penn – Kansas State Representative (2021-present) * Tony Barton – Kansas State Representative (2015–2017) * Willie Dove – Kansas State Representative (2013–2021) *

– Kansas State Senator (1964–1968)

Kentucky

* Donald Douglas – Kentucky State Senator (2021–present)

Louisiana

Elbert Guillory Elbert Lee Guillory (born June 24, 1944) is a former member of the Louisiana State Senate. An American Republican, he represented District 24, including his native Opelousas, and several rural precincts, from May 2, 2009, when he won a specia ...

– Louisiana State Senator (2009–2015) and

Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana The lieutenant governor of Louisiana (french: Lieutenant-Gouverneur de la Louisiane) is the second highest state office in Louisiana. The current lieutenant governor is Billy Nungesser, a Republican. The lieutenant governor is also the commiss ...

candidate (2015)

Maryland

* Brenda J. Thiam – Maryland State Delegate (2020–present) * Kimberly Klacik – U.S. House nominee (2020) * Aris T. Allen – Maryland State Delegate (1991 & 1967–1974), Lieutenant Governor nominee (1978) and State Senator (1979–1982)

Massachusetts

* Frank Cousins – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1996) and Essex County

Sheriff A sheriff is a government official, with varying duties, existing in some countries with historical ties to England where the office originated. There is an analogous, although independently developed, office in Iceland that is commonly transla ...

(1996–2018) * Althea Garrison – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1995)

Michigan

* James Craig – Chief of the Detroit Police Department (2013-2021) and Gubernatorial candidate (2022) * Paul H. Scott – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011) * Larry DeShazor – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011) *

Bill Hardiman William Clyde Hardiman III is an American Republican politician from Michigan. He was the mayor of Kentwood, Michigan from 1992 to 2002. He then ran for Michigan state senate in 2002 in the 29th district, defeating Steve Pestka, and served fr ...

– Michigan State Senator (2003–2011), Mayor of

Kentwood, Michigan Kentwood is a city in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 54,304 as of the 2020 census. The city is bordered on the northwest by Grand Rapids and is the third most-populated municipality in the Grand Rapids metropolitan ...

(1992–2002) and U.S. House candidate (2010) * Keith Butler – Detroit Councilman (1989–1993) and U.S. Senate candidate (2006) * William Lucas – Wayne County Sheriff (1969–1982) and

Governor of Michigan The governor of Michigan is the head of state, head of government, and chief executive of the U.S. state of Michigan. The current governor is Gretchen Whitmer, a member of the Democratic Party, who was inaugurated on January 1, 2019, as the s ...

nominee (1986)

Minnesota

* Lisa Demuth – Minnesota State Representative (2019–present) * Ray Pleasant – Minnesota State Representative (1973–1981)

Mississippi

Angela McGlowan Angela McGlowan (born March 2, 1970) is an American Republican political commentator, best-selling author, and CEO of Political Strategies & Insights (PSI), a government affairs, political strategy, public relations, and advocacy consulting firm ...

– Miss District of Columbia USA (1994) and U.S. House candidate (2010) *

Nic Lott Nicholas A. "Nic" Lott (born May 8, 1979 in Taylorsville, Mississippi), is the first black student to have been elected student body president at the University of Mississippi at Oxford. Lott defeated five other candidates in the race at an ins ...

– chairman for the

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

Young Republicans * Yvonne Brown – Mayor of Tchula, Mississippi (2001–2009) and U.S. House nominee (2006) * Charles Evers – Mayor of Fayette, Mississippi (1969–1981 & 1985–1989)

Missouri

* Shamed Dogan – Missouri House of Representatives, Missouri State Representative (2015–2023) * Neal E. Boyd – 2008 Winner of America's Got Talent and nominee/candidate for the Missouri House of Representatives (2012/2014) * Sherman Parker – Missouri House of Representatives, Missouri State Representative (2002–2008) * Carson Ross – Missouri House of Representatives, Missouri State Representative (1989–2002) and Mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri (2008–present)

Nebraska

* Dinah Abrahamson – Nebraska State Central Committeewoman (2005–2013)

Nevada

* Niger Innis – Director of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and U.S. House candidate (2014) * Maurice Washington – Nevada Senate, Nevada State Senator (1994–2010) * Lynette Boggs – Miss Oregon (1989), Las Vegas City Council (1999–2004), Clark County Commission (2004–2006) and U.S. House nominee (2002)

New Hampshire

* Jim Lawrence (politician), Jim Lawrence – New Hampshire House of Representatives, New Hampshire State Representative (2004–2010) and U.S. House nominee (2016)

New Jersey

* Antwan McClellan – New Jersey General Assembly, New Jersey State Assemblyman (2020–present) * Garry Cobb – U.S. House nominee (2014) and

football player * Bruce Harris – Mayor of Chatham Borough, New Jersey (2012–2019) and member of the New Jersey State Planning Commission (2020–present) * Martin G. Barnes – Mayor of Paterson, New Jersey (1997–2002) * Thomas S. Smith (politician), Thomas S. Smith – New Jersey General Assembly, New Jersey State Assemblyman (1992–2002) * Jim Usry – List of mayors of Atlantic City, New Jersey, Mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey (1984–1990) * Matthew G. Carter – Mayor of Montclair, New Jersey (1968–1972)

New Mexico

* Conrad James – New Mexico House of Representatives, New Mexico State Representative (2010–2012 & 2014–2016) * Jane Powdrell-Culbert – New Mexico House of Representatives, New Mexico State Representative (2002–2022)

New York

*Keith Wofford – Attorney General of New York nominee (2018 New York Attorney General election, 2018) * Michel Faulkner – U.S. House nominee (2010) and New York Jets football player * Roy Innis – Chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) & a member of the National Rifle Association's governing board. * Richard E. Jackson – New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Commissioner of Motor Vehicles (1995–2000) * Joseph H. Holland, Joseph Holland – New York State Commissioner of Communities and Urban Renewal (1995-1997) * James Garner (politician), James Garner – Mayor of Hempstead (village), New York, Hempstead (1988–2005) and U.S. House nominee (2004)

North Carolina

* Ken Fontenot - North Carolina House of Representatives, North Carolina State Representative (2023-present) * Thomas Stith III – Governor of North Carolina Pat McCrory's Chief of Staff (2013–2016) * Ada Fisher, Dr. Ada Fisher – NC Republican National Committeewoman (2008–present) and U.S. House nominee (2006 & 2008)

Ohio

* Josh Williams - Ohio House of Representatives, Ohio State Representative (2023-present) * Michele Reynolds - Ohio Senate, Ohio State Senator (2023-present) * Ken Blackwell - Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio (1979–80), the

(1994–99), and Ohio Secretary of State (1999–2007) * Robert C. Henry – Mayor of Springfield, Ohio (1966–1968)

Oklahoma

* T. W. Shannon – Oklahoma House of Representatives, Oklahoma State Representative (2007–2015) and Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives (2013–2014)

Oregon

* Jackie Winters – Oregon Senate, Oregon State Senator (2002–2019)

Pennsylvania

* Harry Lewis (politician), Harry Lewis Jr. – Pennsylvania State Representative (2014–2018) *

– Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 2006, Governor of Pennsylvania Nominee (2006) and Pittsburgh Steelers football player * Renee Amoore – Pennsylvania's Republican State Committeewoman (1992–2000)

South Carolina

* Mike Reichenbach - South Carolina Senate, South Carolina State Senator (2022-present) * Samuel Rivers Jr. – South Carolina House of Representatives, South Carolina State Representative (2012–2018)

South Dakota

* Tony Randolph – South Dakota House of Representatives, South Dakota State Representative (2018–present)

Texas

* Charles Cunningham – Texas Texas House of Representatives, State Representative (2023–present) * Scott Turner (politician), Scott Turner – Texas Texas House of Representatives, State Representative (2013–2017) and Denver Broncos football player * Stefani Carter – Texas Texas House of Representatives, State Representative (2011–2015) * James White (Texas politician), James White – Texas Texas House of Representatives, State Representative (2011–2023) * Michael L. Williams – Commissioner of the Texas Education Agency (2012–2015), Chairman of the Texas Railroad Commission (1999–2011) and U.S. House candidate (2012) * Robin Armstrong – Vice Chairman of the Republican Party of Texas (2006–2010) * Clay Smothers – Texas Texas House of Representatives, State Representative (1977–1981)

Utah

* Alvin B. Jackson – Utah State Senator (2013–2016) * James Evans (Utah politician), James Evans – Utah State Senator (2002–2004) and Chairman of the Utah Republican Party (2013–2017)

Virginia

* Aijalon Cordoza, A.C Cordoza - Virginia House of Delegates, Virginia State Delegate (2022-present) * E. W. Jackson –

Nominee (2013) * Paul Clinton Harris – Virginia House of Delegates, Virginia State Delegate (1998–2002) * Noel C. Taylor – Mayor of Roanoke, Virginia (1975–1992) *

–

(2022–present) and Virginia House of Delegates, Virginia State Delegate (2002-2004)

Washington

* Michael Ross (Washington politician), Michael Ross – Washington State Representative (1971–1973) * Charles Stokes (politician), Charles Stokes – Washington State Representative (1951–1959)

West Virginia

* Caleb Hanna – West Virginia State Delegate (2018–present) * Jill Upson – West Virginia State Delegate (2014–2018)

Wisconsin

* Julian Bradley (politician), Julian Bradley – Wisconsin State Senate (2021–present)

Wyoming

* Lynn Hutchings – Wyoming Wyoming House of Representatives, State Representative (2012–2014) & Wyoming State Senator (2018–present)

Other people

United States judges

* Angela Tucker – Texas District Courts, Texas District Court Judge (2012–present) * Ada E. Brown – United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas. *

– Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1991–present) * Dale Wainwright – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2003–2012) * David W. Williams – Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California (1969–2000) * George C. Hanks Jr. – Justice on the Texas state Texas Courts of Appeals, First Court of Appeals (2010–2015) & Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (2015–present) * Janice Rogers Brown – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California (1996–2005) & U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2005–2017) * Jerome Holmes – United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit * Kevin A. Ross – Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court (1996–2005) & Judge on America's Court with Judge Ross (2010–present) * Kurtis T. Wilder – Michigan Supreme Court, Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2017–2018) * Lynn Toler – Arbitrator on the court show, court series ''Divorce Court'' (2001–present) * Robert P. Young Jr. – Michigan Supreme Court, Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (1999–2017) & Michigan Supreme Court, Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2011–2017) * Sara J. Harper – Ohio Court of Appeals (1990–2003) * Wallace Jefferson – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2001–2004) & Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2004–2013) * Barrington D. Parker – United States District Judge, United States District Court for the District of Columbia (1969–1985)

Ambassadors

* Alan Keyes * Edward J. Perkins – United States Ambassador to the United Nations (1992–1993) * Eric M. Bost – United States Ambassador to South Africa (2006–2009)

TV personalities, authors and journalists

* Amy Holmes – News anchor and political contributor on CNN * Armond White – Film critic for ''National Review'' and ''Out Magazine'' *

– Author of ''Beyond Blame'' and TV host of ''On Point'' * Brandon Tatum – Former police officer, commentator and professional speaker. *

– Writer and commentator * Carol M. Swain – television personality and professor of political science and law at Vanderbilt University * Charles Payne (journalist), Charles Payne – Fox News and Fox Business journalist * CJ Pearson – Journalist * C.L. Bryant – TV host * Deneen Borelli – Author, columnist, and Fox News contributor * Diamond and Silk (Lynnette Hardaway and Rochelle Richardson) – Live-stream video bloggers, political activists and Newsmax TV hosts * George Schuyler – Journalist * Philippa Schuyler – Pianist, author, journalist * Hallie Quinn Brown – Author * Harris Faulkner – Television host for Fox News * James Golden (radio personality), James Golden – Producer for ''The Rush Limbaugh Show'' (under the alias "Bo Snerdley") * Reverend Jesse Lee Peterson – President of the Brotherhood Organization of a New Destiny * Jason Riley (journalist), Jason Riley – Journalist * Katrina Pierson – Tea Party movement, Tea Party activist, communications consultant and a regular CNN contributor * Larry Elder – Author of ''10 Things You Can't Say in America'' and radio host * Lawrence B. Jones – Radio host, contributor to Fox News, and author * Lenny McAllister – Author of ''Diary of a Mad Black PYC (Proud Young Conservative)'' and radio talk-show host from WVON-AM Chicago * Lester Holt – News anchor at NBC News, a registered Republican since 2003 * Michael King (Project 21), Michael King – Emmy Award-winning television producer * Michelle Bernard – Journalist * Nannie Helen Burroughs – Author * Paris Dennard – Commentator on CNN and NPR, and the Senior Director of Strategic Communications for the Thurgood Marshall College Fund * Raynard Jackson – Columnist and TV political analyst *

– Author * Samantha Marika – Political commentator * Tommy Sotomayor – Radio and internet talk show host, YouTube personality, men's rights activist and film producer * Tony Brown (journalist), Tony Brown – Journalist and host of ''Tony Brown's Journal'' * Zora Neale Hurston - Author, anthropologist and filmmaker * Ben Kinchlow – Evangelist, television and radio personality * Jason Whitlock – Sports Journalist, radio personality, commentator and writer. * Lawrence Dennis – Mixed-race, diplomat, consultant, author * Leo Terrell – civil rights attorney, talk radio host * Tyrus (wrestler) – Professional wrestler, actor and Fox News commentator

Military

* Lieutenant colonel (United States), Lieutenant Colonel Frances Rice – Chairwoman of the National Black Republican Association *

Mary J. Kight – California Military Department, Adjutant General of California (2010–2011) * Lieutenant General (United States), Lieutenant General Russel L. Honoré * Percy A. Pierre – served as acting Secretary of the United States Army in January 1981. * General

– former U.S. Secretary of State, former chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, former National Security Adviser, changed political party affiliation from Republican to Independent in 2021.

Columnists

* Deroy Murdock – ''National Review'' columnist * Ken Hamblin – ''Denver Post'' columnist * Robert A. George (pundit), Robert A. George – Columnist for the ''New York Post'' * Stephen L. Carter – ''Christianity Today'' columnist, author of ''The Culture of Disbelief'' * Sophia A. Nelson – Chair of PoliticalIntersection.com and politicalintersection.blogspot.com * Star Parker – President of the Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education, columnist & author

Athletes and entertainers

* Bryan Clay – Washington Times * David Tyree – NFL Football player * Don King (boxing promoter), Don King – Boxing promoter * Ernie Banks – MLB baseball player * Greg Anthony – NBA Basketball player *

– NFL Football player * Hodgetwins, Kevin and Keith Hodge – Prominent YouTube commentators, comedians, and trainers. * James Brown – Musician. Openly endorsed Richard Nixon at the 1972 presidential election and named Strom Thurmond as one of his heroes during a 1999 interview with ''Rolling Stone''. * Jimmie Walker – Actor * Johnny Mathis – Singer * Joseph C. Phillips – Actor * Joy Villa – Singer. Promoted and supported

's presidency in 2017. * Kanye West – Rapper and record producer. Endorsed

subsequently to the 2016 presidential election. Met President Trump in the Oval Office on 11 October 2018. Independent candidate for President of the United States in Kanye West 2020 presidential campaign, 2020 and Kanye West 2024 presidential campaign, 2024. * Karl Malone – Olympic Gold medallist and basketball player * Mike Jones (wrestler), Mike Jones – WWF wrestler * Nolan Carroll – NFL Football player and son of Jennifer Carroll,

* Pearl Bailey – Actress and singer * Ronnie Lott – NFL Football player * Stacey Dash – Actress * Thurman Thomas – NFL Football playerBenjamin, Elizabeth (2010-09-16)
NFLer: Carl's no racist
. ''Capitol Tonight''. Retrieved 2010-09-16. * Tony Dungy – NFL Football player and coach * Wilt Chamberlain – NBA Basketball player * Isaiah Washington – Actor *

- Former football player, actor, singer, Protestant minister, he addressed the 1984 Republican National Convention and endorsed

for reelection.

Education and business

– Niece of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and senior fellow at the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution *

– Academic *

– Educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States * Chris Darden – Attorney * George Washington Carver – Agricultural scientist and inventor who promoted alternative crops to cotton and methods to prevent soil depletion * Glenn Loury – Academic, economist, and podcast host *

– Former CEO of Godfather's Pizza, talk show host, and one-time Herman Cain presidential campaign, 2012, presidential candidate * Jessie De Priest – Music teacher, wife of Congressman Oscar Stanton De Priest. Her presence at Jessie De Priest tea at the White House, a White House tea given by Lou Henry Hoover on June 12, 1929, caused a scandal * Joshua I. Smith – Businessman * Marvin Scott – Academic * Michael Powell (lobbyist), Michael Powell - Former Republican member of the Federal Communications Commission, current president National Cable and Telecommunications Association. * Dr. Mildred Fay Jefferson – First African American to graduate from Harvard Medical School * Samuel B. Fuller – Businessman * Stephen N. Lackey – Businessman *

– American economist, social theorist, and senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution. * Vern S. Williams – Member of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel * Walter Edward Williams – American economist, commentator, and academic

Civil rights, abolitionists and activists

* Eldridge Cleaver – Leader of the Black Panther Party who later became a Republican * James Meredith – Civil rights campaigner, who served as domestic adviser to Jesse Helms * James Weldon Johnson – Activist, served as treasurer of Colored Republican Club * Scipio Africanus Jones – Activist * Dr. T. R. M. Howard – Founder of Regional Council of Negro Leadership, surgeon, supporter of right to abortion, ally of

* Bayard Rustin – Civil rights activist who became neoconservative in later life * Michael the Black Man – Maurice Woodside, activist * James David Manning – Pastor, ATLAH World Missionary Church, activist * Bishop Eddie Long – Pastor, New Birth Missionary Baptist Church, activist * Enrique Tarrio – Henry "Enrique" Tarrio, identifies as Afro-Cuban, activist * Manning Johnson – Former Communist who became an anti-communist activist * Darrell C. Scott – Pastor, activist * Ali Alexander – Social media personality and activist, of African-American and Arab ancestry * Archibald Grimke – Civil rights activist * Ezola Foster – Teacher, writer, political activist, and unsuccessful candidate for public office on the Republican and Reform Party tickets * Roscoe Simmons – Orator, journalist, political activist, he was part of the "Old Guard" of Black Republicans in Tennessee. He attended three Republican National Conventions and seconded the nomination of

in 1932.

Organizations

* Congress of Racial Equality * American Civil Rights Institute * Project 21 * Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education * National Black Republican Association * Candace Owens#Blexit Foundation, Blexit * Lincoln League

References

External links

* Murray, Mark.
GOP diversity aims at a crucial Democratic bloc
" ''NBC News''. April 25, 2006. *
The New Black Republicans
" ''WBUR'', Boston's National Public Radio, NPR. June 2, 2004. ;Organizations
Alliance of Black Republicans

African American Republican Leadership Council

Black Conservative Think Tank

Black America's PAC

Congress of Racial Equality

American Civil Rights Institute

New Coalition for Economic and Social Change

National Black Republican Association
{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Conservatism In The United States Black conservatism in the United States, Conservatism in the United States Republicans (United States),