Black Allan (horse)
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Black Allan or Allan F-1 (1886 1910) was the foundation sire of the
Tennessee Walking Horse The Tennessee Walking Horse or Tennessee Walker is a breed of gaited horse known for its unique four-beat running-walk and flashy movement. It was originally developed as a riding horse on farms and plantations in the American South. It is a ...
. He was out of a Morgan mare named Maggie Marshall and by Allendorf, a stallion descended from Narragansett Pacer, Canadian Pacer, and Gaited Spanish Mustang imported from Texas. Black Allan was registered as No.7623 by the American Trotting Registry. Although Black Allan was supposed to be a trotter, he preferred to
pace Pace or paces may refer to: Business *Pace (transit), a bus operator in the suburbs of Chicago, US * Pace Airlines, an American charter airline *Pace Foods, a maker of a popular brand of salsa sold in North America, owned by Campbell Soup Compan ...
and so never raced. Besides the pace, he performed a lateral
ambling An ambling gait or amble is any of several four-beat intermediate horse gaits, all of which are faster than a walk but usually slower than a canter and always slower than a gallop. Horses that amble are sometimes referred to as "gaited", particu ...
gait now known as the running walk. He was a
black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white have o ...
stallion standing , 5 feet high. He was given the designation Allan F-1 when the Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' Association, precursor to the
Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association (abbreviated TWHBEA) is the oldest breed association for the Tennessee Walking Horse. It was founded in 1935 and is headquartered in Lewisburg, Tennessee. The association also runs ...
, was formed in 1935. He had multiple owners throughout his life, but his last owners, James Brantley and Albert Dement, were the only ones to recognize Black Allan's use as a breeding stallion. Black Allan sired 111 known foals in his lifetime, among them
Roan Allen Roan Allen (1904–1930) was one of the founding sires of the Tennessee Walking Horse. It is believed that all Tennessee Walking Horses alive today trace back to him. Life Roan Allen was born May 23, 1904, on the farm of James Brantley in Coffee ...
, registration number F-38, Hunters Allen F-10, and Merry Legs F-4. Black Allan died September 17, 1910, at the age of 29.


Life

Black Allan was
foal A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal i ...
ed on a limestone pasture in the middle of Tennessee, in 1886, out of the Morgan mare Maggie Marshall and by Allendorf. Black Allan was a
black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white have o ...
stallion standing , with a sock on his left hind foot,
coronet A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. A coronet differs from other kinds of crowns in that a coronet never has arches, and from a tiara in that a coronet completely encircles the head, while a tiara does ...
on his right hind foot, and a star on his forehead. He was registered with the American Trotting Registry and given registration number 7623. He was sold many times throughout his life, the first time at the side of his dam. He was bought by George Ely, who already owned an 1882 colt out of Maggie Marshall, Elyria, whose record for trotting the mile was 2:25. Ely hoped Black Allan would compare to the older colt, but sold him in 1891 when he discovered that Black Allan was a 'pacer'. It is now known that Black Allan also performed the lateral
ambling gait An ambling gait or amble is any of several four-beat intermediate horse gaits, all of which are faster than a walk but usually slower than a canter and always slower than a gallop. Horses that amble are sometimes referred to as "gaited", particu ...
known as the running walk. He was lightly raced, but was unable to produce a burst of speed toward the end of his races and generally finished last. Nonetheless, due to his looks, early speed and long stride, he was put to stud. Allan was bought by John P. Mankin of
Murfreesboro, Tennessee Murfreesboro is a city in and county seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 152,769 according to the 2020 census, up from 108,755 residents certified in 2010. Murfreesboro is located in the Nashville metropol ...
for , only to be sold again a few years later. One owner, J.A. McCulloch, used Black Allan as a "teaser" to see if mares were in
estrus The estrous cycle (, originally ) is the set of recurring physiological changes that are induced by reproductive hormones in most mammalian therian females. Estrous cycles start after sexual maturity in females and are interrupted by anestrous p ...
before they were bred to jack donkeys to produce
mule The mule is a domestic equine hybrid between a donkey and a horse. It is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). The horse and the donkey are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes; of the two pos ...
s. Another owner traded him for a black filly, a milk cow and $20. When Black Allan was sold to his most famous owner, James Brantley, in 1903, his purchase price was $110. He was sold without papers, but Brantley eventually recovered his registration certificate. Brantley rode Black Allan himself, and his son French Brantley sometimes rode the horse to school. At the very end of Black Allan's life, he was sold by James Brantley to Albert Dement of
Wartrace, Tennessee Wartrace is a town in Bedford County, Tennessee, Bedford County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 548 at the 2000 census and 651 at the 2010 census. It is located northeast of Shelbyville, Tennessee, Shelbyville. The downtown area is li ...
, one of the earliest Tennessee Walking Horse breeders. The horse's price was $140, and he was sold with the guarantee that he would live through the breeding season. Dement stood Allan at stud for only a few months before Allan's death, during which the stallion was bred to 111 mares. He died at Dement's farm on September 16, 1910 at the age of 29 years old.


Bloodlines and offspring

Black Allan's pedigree traced back to
Justin Morgan Justin Morgan (February 28, 1747 – March 22, 1798) was a U.S. horse breeder and composer. He was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, and by 1788 had settled in Vermont. In addition to being a horse breeder and farmer, he was a teacher of ...
, the foundation sire of the Morgan breed, on his dam's side and to
Hambletonian 10 Hambletonian 10, or Rysdyk's Hambletonian, (May 5, 1849 – March 27, 1876) was an American trotter and a founding sire of the Standardbred horse breed. The stallion was born in Sugar Loaf, New York, on 5 May 1849. Hambletonian has been induc ...
, the foundation sire of the
Standardbred The Standardbred is an American horse breed best known for its ability in harness racing, where members of the breed compete at either a trot or pace. Developed in North America, the Standardbred is recognized worldwide, and the breed can trace i ...
on his sire's side. Black Allan sired an estimated 111 foals. Three of his offspring,
Roan Allen Roan Allen (1904–1930) was one of the founding sires of the Tennessee Walking Horse. It is believed that all Tennessee Walking Horses alive today trace back to him. Life Roan Allen was born May 23, 1904, on the farm of James Brantley in Coffee ...
F-38, Merry Legs F-4, and Hunters Allen F-10, were given special registration numbers beginning in the designation F, which mark them as
foundation bloodstock Foundation bloodstock or foundation stock refers to animals that are the progenitors, or foundation, of a breed or of a given bloodline within such. Many modern breeds can be traced to specific, named foundation animals, but a group of animals m ...
. Most of Black Allan's best offspring, including Roan Allen and Merry Legs, were produced from
crosses Crosses may refer to: * Cross, the symbol Geography * Crosses, Cher, a French municipality * Crosses, Arkansas, a small community located in the Ozarks of north west Arkansas Language * Crosses, a truce term used in East Anglia and Lincolnshire ...
on
American Saddlebred The American Saddlebred is a horse breed from the United States. This breed is referred to as the "Horse America Made". Descended from riding-type horses bred at the time of the American Revolution, the American Saddlebred includes the Nar ...
mares, especially those from
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bloodlines. Due to Black Allan's influence and potency in passing his gait and conformation to his offspring, he was given registration number F-1 when the Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' Association, the precursor to the
Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association The Tennessee Walking Horse Breeders' and Exhibitors' Association (abbreviated TWHBEA) is the oldest breed association for the Tennessee Walking Horse. It was founded in 1935 and is headquartered in Lewisburg, Tennessee. The association also runs ...
, was formed in 1935. Today he is considered the foundation sire of the Tennessee Walking Horse breed, one of the few American breeds that names a single horse with this honor.


Pedigree


Notes


References


Bibliography

* The Tennessee Walking Horse,
Western Horseman ''Western Horseman'', a monthly magazine published by the magazine division of Morris Communications, was first published in January 1936. It features articles on Western riding, the breeding and care of horses, horse training and tack, and ranchin ...
, October 1994 {{DEFAULTSORT:Black Allan 1886 animal births 1910 animal deaths Individual Tennessee Walking Horses Foundation horse sires