Biy ( kk, Би, Bi) were elected

judge A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. A judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility an ...

s and administrators during the

Kazakh Khanate The Kazakh Khanate ( kk, Қазақ Хандығы, , ), in eastern sources known as Ulus of the Kazakhs, Ulus of Jochi, Yurt of Urus, was a Kazakh state in Central Asia, successor of the Golden Horde existing from the 15th to 19th century, ...

era.Chapter II Common Law Philosophy of the Kazakhs: Potential for Democracy
Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Biys are below

Sultan Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it c ...

s in rank.Kazakhstan
Global Ministries, The United Methodist Church Many consider "Biy" to simply be a kazakh variation of "Bey", though there are major differences: like, for example, the fact that "biy" is not an inheritable position. Biys of Kazakhstan were chosen mainly based on their personal qualities. They possessed knowledge of history, the people's lives, customs and traditions, they were distinguished with their wisdom and eloquence. During the years of the strengthening of the

(XVII-XVIII centuries) and continuous wars fought with the Dzonghar Khanate, biys of three

zhuz A ''zhuz'' ( kz, ٴجۇز , Жүз, translit=Jüz, , also translated as " horde") is one of the three main territorial and tribal divisions in the Kypchak Plain area that covers much of the contemporary Kazakhstan. It represents the main tribal d ...

s played a major role:

Senior Senior (shortened as Sr.) means "the elder" in Latin and is often used as a suffix for the elder of two or more people in the same family with the same given name, usually a parent or grandparent. It may also refer to: * Senior (name), a surname ...

— Töle Biy, Middle – Qazybek Biy,

Junior Junior or Juniors may refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * ''Junior'' (Junior Mance album), 1959 * ''Junior'' (Röyksopp album), 2009 * ''Junior'' (Kaki King album), 2010 * ''Junior'' (LaFontaines album), 2019 Films * ''Junior'' (1994 ...

– Äiteke Biy. They are considered to be three of the most important historical figures in Kazakh history.Embassy of Kazakhstan - History
/ref> During the years of colonialism of the Russian Empire, these professions and their practices were either weakened or stopped completely. The profession of Biys was eventually abolished by an imperial order on the 25 march, 1891.

References

Kazakh Khanate Government of Kazakhstan {{CAsia-hist-stub Judges Legal professions Law enforcement Positions of authority