Birs (river)

The Birs (French: ''Birse'') is a long river in Switzerland that flows through the Jura region and ends as a tributary to the Rhine between Basel and Birsfelden. It is the most important river of the Swiss Jura.

Course

The Birs has its source in a spring near the ''Col de Pierre Pertuis'' at above sea level a little southwest of Tavannes in the ''Jura bernois''. It starts as a proper river; the large amount of water is the product of an extended underground river system.

The Birs runs through wider valleys (Vallée de Tavannes) and narrow gorges. Near Delémont, the capital of the canton of Jura, it joins the Sorne and the Scheulte. Between Soyhières and Liesberg, it leaves the French-speaking part of Switzerland, enters the canton of Basel-Landschaft and receives the Lützel from the left. In Laufen it forms a waterfall, which was the source of power and of the name of the city.

At the gorge of Angenstein, the river runs into the ''Birseck'', the lowland by Aesch. Between Aesch and Dornach, the Birs is rich in fresh-water crabs, the native species of which are now threatened by the American red crab. Earlier, the Birs was polluted and dammed, but it has largely been restored to its original state.

The '' Reinacherheide'' is a wildlife preserve with 83 species of bird.

The mouth of the Birs was hardly settled until the 18th century. Today, the city of Münchenstein stands there. The lower stretches of the Birs form the border between Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft. In 2004, it was restored from a concrete canal to a more natural river. Beavers have even been sighted along the river. The Birs also forms the border between the cities of Basel and Birsfelden. It flows into the Rhine at ''Birskopf'' after .

See also

* Birsköpfli

References

Birs in the ''Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz''

Picture gallery

Image:2010-09-05 Birsquelle bei Tavannes.jpg, The Birs Source south of Tavannes
Image:Birs.JPG, Headwaters of the Birs by Tavannes
Image:2010-09-05 Birs bei Court.jpg, The Birs south of Court (Gorges de Court)
Image:Picswiss BE-97-02 Blick hin zur Klus von Moutier (Gorges de Moutier).jpg, Gorges de Moutier
Image:Birs bei Münchenstein.jpg, The restored Birs in Münchenstein
Image:Birs bei münchenstein (ebm).jpg, The Birs by the Elektra Birseck Münchenstein
Image:2009-09-13 birswasserfall.jpg, Birs waterfall in the ''Neue Welt'', Münchenstein
Image:Picswiss BL-52-03.jpg, The Birs by Birsfelden
File:London2007zurich img 5738.jpg, Aerial view of the Rhine, with Birs entering the Rhine

Rivers of Switzerland
Rivers of the canton of Bern
Rivers of the canton of Jura
Rivers of Basel-Landschaft
Rivers of the canton of Solothurn
Rivers of Basel-Stadt
Rivers of the Jura

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