Beyliks of Canik ( tr, Canik beylikleri ) is a name given to a group of small Turkoman principalities in northern

Anatolia Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The ...

during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Anthony Bryer Anthony Applemore Mornington Bryer (31 October 1937 – 22 October 2016) FSA FRHistS was a British historian of the Byzantine Empire and founder of the Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies at the University of Birmingham. Bio ...

connects the toponyme Chanik with the name "Chani" which the

Laz people The Laz people, or Lazi ( lzz, ლაზი ''Lazi''; ka, ლაზი, ''lazi''; or ჭანი, ''ch'ani''; tr, Laz), are an indigenous ethnic group who mainly live in Black Sea coastal regions of Turkey and Georgia. They traditionally speak ...

call themselves.

Background

After the

battle of Kösedağ A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

in 1243, the Ilkhanid Mongols achieved a hegemony over Anatolia. The Seljuk sultans became the puppets of Ilkhanids and the former generals of Seljuks as well as Turkoman tribes within Seljuk realm who accepted the suzerainty of Ilkhanids, established themselves as semi independent principalities called beylik. However, the middle Black Sea region of Anatolia lacked a dominant leader, and a series of beyliks emerged, ruled by the members of the same family. Those beyliks were smaller than the beyliks in the other regions of Anatolia and they were nominal vassals of

Eretna Ala al-Din Eretna (or Eretne, also Artanā) was a Mongol officer of Uyghur origin in the service of Timurtash, the Ilkhanid governor of Anatolia. He later became the last Mongol governor of Anatolia himself and forged his own principality and dy ...

. They lived in a frequent warfare and their history is highly turbulent. Historians call all of them Beyliks of Canik. (Nowadays Canik is the name of a mountain system in the Middle Black Sea region as well as one of the second level municipalities of Greater

Samsun Samsun, historically known as Sampsounta ( gr, Σαμψούντα) and Amisos (Ancient Greek: Αμισός), is a city on the north coast of Turkey and is a major Black Sea port. In 2021, Samsun recorded a population of 710,000 people. The cit ...

)

The beyliks

In the following table the names usually refer to the founder of the beylik, (where the suffix ''"...oğulları"'' means "sons of") with the exception of Bafra which is the name of the capital city of the beylik. All of the beyliks were incorporated in the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

The monarchs

Some members of the dynasties are:Yılmaz Öztuna:''Devletler ve Hanedanlar'', Kültür bakanlığı, 1996, pp.86-87 :Kutluşah: *Hacı Kutlu Şah Bey (1340-1361) *Hacı Şâdgeldi Bey (1361-1381) *Fahrüddîn Ahmed Bey (1381-1393) :Tacettinoğulları (Tâcüddînoğulları) *Tâcüddîn Doğan Şah (1308-1346) *Tâcüddîn Bey (1346-1387) *Mahmud Çelebi (1387-1423) *Hüsâmüddîn Hasan Bey (1423-1425) :Hacıemiroğulları (Bayramoğulları) *Hacı Bayram Bey (1313-1331) *Hacı Emir Bey (1331-1361) *Süleyman Bey (1386-1392)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Canik, Beyliks of Anatolian beyliks States in medieval Anatolia History of Samsun Province Historical Turkic states History of Amasya Province 1300s establishments in Asia 1460 disestablishments in Asia Chepni people