Beryozovskoye deposit, Berezovskoe gold deposit, Berezovsky deposit, Berezovsk Mines, and some other names (russian: Берёзовское месторождение) is the first known primary deposit of
gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile me ...
in
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
. It is located 13 km northwest of
Yekaterinburg
Yekaterinburg ( ; rus, Екатеринбург, p=jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk), alternatively romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( rus, Свердло́вск, , svʲɪrˈdlofsk, 1924–1991), is a city and the administra ...
in the central
Urals Federal District
Ural Federal District (russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг, ''Uralsky federalny okrug'') is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the 2010 Censu ...
. It was discovered in 1745 by a ''
raskolnik
The Schism of the Russian Church, also known as Raskol (russian: раскол, , meaning "split" or "schism"), was the splitting of the Russian Orthodox Church into an official church and the Old Believers movement in the mid-17th century. It ...
'' Yerofey Markov.
[Minerals of the Beryozovskoye gold ore deposit]
The first mine was established in 1747. The deposit is named after the Beryozovka River (a tributary of Pyshma River
The Pyshma (russian: Пышма) is a river in Sverdlovsk and Tyumen Oblasts of Russia. It is a right tributary of the Tura. It is long, with a drainage basin of .
The Pyshma has its sources at above sea level on the eastern side of the Ura ...
) and is associated with the settlement of Berezovsky, now the town of Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast
Beryozovsky (russian: Берёзовский) is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Beryozovka River ( Pyshma's tributary), northeast of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
It was foun ...
.
The following minerals were discovered at the deposit: aikinite
Aikinite is a sulfide mineral of lead, copper and bismuth with formula Pb Cu Bi S3. It forms black to grey or reddish brown acicular orthorhombic crystals with a Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5 and a specific gravity of 6.1 to 6.8. It was originally fou ...
(1789), vauquelinite
Vauquelinite is a complex mineral with the formula Cu Pb2( Cr O4)( PO4)(O H) making it a combined chromate and phosphate of copper and lead. It forms a series with the arsenate mineral fornacite.
It was first described in 1818 in the Beryozovs ...
(1819), cassedanneite (1988), crocoite
Crocoite is a mineral consisting of lead chromate, Pb Cr O4, and crystallizing in the monoclinic crystal system. It is identical in composition with the artificial product chrome yellow used as a paint pigment.
Description
Crocoite is commo ...
(1766), pyrophyllite
Pyrophyllite is a phyllosilicate mineral composed of aluminium silicate hydroxide: Al2Si4O10(OH)2. It occurs in two forms (habits): crystalline folia and compact masses; distinct crystals are not known.
The folia have a pronounced pearly luste ...
(1829), phenicochroite (1839), embreyite (1972).[
The discovery of crocoite by Johann Gottlob Lehmann in 1766 at the Berezovsk Mines was the starting point of the discovery of the element chromium.]chrome yellow
__NOTOC__
Chrome yellow is a yellow pigment in paints using monoclinic lead(II) chromate (PbCrO4). It occurs naturally as the mineral crocoite but the mineral ore itself was never used as a pigment for paint. After the French chemist Louis Va ...
.
References
{{reflist
Ore deposits
Mining in Russia