Johann Friedrich Bernhard Fischer (19 February 1852

Coburg Coburg () is a town located on the Itz river in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. Long part of one of the Thuringian states of the Wettin line, it joined Bavaria by popular vote only in 1920. Until the revolution of 1918, it ...

- 2 August 1915 Dadizele) was a German

bacteriologist A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology -- a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, ...

noted for his classification system for bacteria.

Biography

After attending Casimirianum from 1862 to 1871, he was educated at the

University of Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (german: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a German public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin. It was established by Frederick William III on the initiative ...

, received the degree of

M.D. Doctor of Medicine (abbreviated M.D., from the Latin ''Medicinae Doctor'') is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. ...

in 1875, and went to

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

and

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

as member of the German Cholera Commission. In 1889, he was a member of the Plankton Expedition and 10 years later became professor at the

University of Kiel Kiel University, officially the Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, (german: Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, abbreviated CAU, known informally as Christiana Albertina) is a university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in ...

. There he also became head of the Institute of Hygiene. He became generally known for his classification of bacteria. His ''Structure and Functions of Bacteria'' (2d ed., 1900), was the standard in its field.

Works

* ''Die neueren Arzneimittel : für Apotheker, Aerzte und Drogisten'' . Springer, Berlin 5. Aufl. 189
Digital edition
by the University and State Library Düsseldorf * ''Lehrbuch der Chemie für Pharmaceuten : mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vorbereitung zum Gehilfen-Examen ; mit 103 Holzschnitten'' . Enke, Stuttgart 3rd ed. 189
Digital edition
/ 5th ed. 190
Digital edition
by the University and State Library Düsseldorf

References

1852 births 1915 deaths German bacteriologists Humboldt University of Berlin alumni University of Kiel faculty {{Germany-scientist-stub