Bedrifelek Kadın
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ota, بدرے فلك قادین , spouse = , issue = , house = Kerzedzh (by birth)
Ottoman (by marriage) , father = Prince Mehmed Bey Karzeg , mother = Princess Faruhan Hanım İnal-lpa , birth_date = 4 January 1851 , birth_place =
Anapa Anapa (russian: Ана́па, ) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov. Population: History The area around Anapa was settled in antiquity. It was originally a major seaport (Sin ...
, death_date = , death_place = Serencebey Mansion,
Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
,
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
, burial_place = Yahya Efendi cemetery,
Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
, religion =
Sunni Islam Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagre ...
Bedrifelek Kadın (, "''moon of the sky''"; 4 January 1851 – 8 February 1930) was the third consort of Sultan
Abdul Hamid II Abdülhamid or Abdul Hamid II ( ota, عبد الحميد ثانی, Abd ül-Hamid-i Sani; tr, II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 10 February 1918) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 31 August 1876 to 27 April 1909, and the last sultan to ...
of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
.


Early life

Bedrifelek Kadın was born on 4 January 1851 in Anapa. She was a member of Circassian family, the House of Kerzedzh (). Her father was Kerzedzh Mehmed
Bey Bey ( ota, بك, beğ, script=Arab, tr, bey, az, bəy, tk, beg, uz, бек, kz, би/бек, tt-Cyrl, бәк, translit=bäk, cjs, пий/пек, sq, beu/bej, sh, beg, fa, بیگ, beyg/, tg, бек, ar, بك, bak, gr, μπέης) is ...
and her mother the Abkhazian princess Faruhan Hanım İnal-lpa. She had a younger sister, Dilber Hanım, and three paternal younger half-sisters, Şazıdil Hanim, Nevrestan Hanim e Melekistan Hanım. When Russia invaded the Caucasus and exterminated the Circassians, she managed to escape to Istanbul, where she entered the Ottoman court. Able to contact her family, her sister Dilber Hanım and her mother came to stay with her. Her mother died shortly after and her father remarried with the her half-sisters' mother. She was described as blonde, with blue eyes and fair skin.


Marriage

Bedrifelek received a good education and married Abdul Hamid on 15 November 1868 in the
Dolmabahçe Palace Dolmabahçe Palace ( tr, Dolmabahçe Sarayı, ) located in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey, on the European coast of the Bosporus strait, served as the main administrative center of the Ottoman Empire from 1856 to 1887 and from 1909 t ...
. A year after the marriage, on 11 January 1870, she gave birth to the couple's first child, a son,
Şehzade Mehmed Selim Şehzade Mehmed Selim ( ota, شہزادہ محمد سلیم; 11 January 1870 – 5 May 1937) was an Ottoman prince, the eldest son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife Bedrifelek Kadın. Early life Şehzade Mehmed Selim was born on 11 Janua ...
, followed two years later by
Zekiye Sultan ota, زکیه سلطان , death_place = Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France , burial_date = , burial_place = Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France , spouse = , issue = , house = Ottoman , house-type = Dynasty , f ...
, born on 21 January 1872. After Abdul Hamid's accession to the throne on 31 August 1876, she was given the title of the "Third Kadın". In 1877, Bedrifelek and other members of the imperial family settled in the
Yıldız Palace Yıldız Palace ( tr, Yıldız Sarayı, ) is a vast complex of former imperial Ottoman pavilions and villas in Istanbul, Turkey, built in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was used as a residence by the sultan and his court in the late 19th ...
, after Abdul Hamid moved there on 7 April 1877. Here on 12 February 1878, she gave birth to the couple's third child, a son,
Şehzade Ahmed Nuri Şehzade Ahmed Nuri ( ota, شہزادہ احمد نوری; 19 December 1878 – 7 August 1944) was an Ottoman prince, the third son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his wife Bedrifelek Kadın. Early years Şehzade Ahmed Nuri was born on 19 Decemb ...
. At one point, however, she also suffered at least one miscarriage. In 1879 Abdülhamid divorced his Second Consort Nurefsun Kadın and Bedrifelek became Second Consort. Abdülhamid did not get along with Mehmed Selim and this damaged his relationship with Bedrifelek, because in order not to see his son he stopped visiting her and in public he treated her coldly. However, he respected her. Bedrifelek was known as a kind, thoughtful, smiling woman and got along well with all other consorts. On 16 September 1895, after the death of Abdul Hamid's first consort, Nazikeda Kadın, Bedrifelek was installed the first consort and chief consort with the title of "BaşKadin". After
Rahime Perestu Sultan ota, پرستو قادین , birth_name = Rahime Hanim , birth_date = 1830 , birth_place = Circassia , death_date = c.1906 , death_place = Maçka Palace, Maçka, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire , burial_place = Mihrişah Sultan Mausoleu ...
's death, adoptive mother and
Valide Sultan #REDIRECT Valide sultan #REDIRECT Valide sultan {{redirect category shell, {{R from move{{R from miscapitalization{{R unprintworthy ...
{{redirect category shell, {{R from move{{R from miscapitalization{{R unprintworthy ...
, in 1906, she became the principal lady in the imperial harem. On 27 April 1909, Abdul Hamid was deposed, and sent into exile in
Thessaloniki Thessaloniki (; el, Θεσσαλονίκη, , also known as Thessalonica (), Saloniki, or Salonica (), is the second-largest city in Greece, with over one million inhabitants in its Thessaloniki metropolitan area, metropolitan area, and the capi ...
. Bedrifelek didn't followed him, and so remained in Istanbul. Following the 31 March Incident, there was the concrete possibility for Bedrifelek to become Valide Sultan because her son Mehmed Selim had been chosen as his father’s successor. In the end this did not happen and Abdülhamid II's half-brother
Mehmed V Mehmed V Reşâd ( ota, محمد خامس, Meḥmed-i ḫâmis; tr, V. Mehmed or ; 2 November 1844 – 3 July 1918) reigned as the 35th and penultimate Ottoman Sultan (). He was the son of Sultan Abdulmejid I. He succeeded his half-brother ...
became Sultan, and maybe for this reason she did not follow Abdülhamid to Thessaloniki. Abdul Hamid's whole family was expelled from Yıldız Palace, and most of them didn't even have a place to live in. Bedrifelek, and her sons, Selim, and Ahmed, initially settled in her daughter, Zekiye Sultan's mansion in Tarlabaşı, before she settled with her son Selim, in his mansion located in Serencebey. After Thessaloniki fell to Greece in 1912, Abdul Hamid returned to Istanbul, and settled in the
Beylerbeyi Palace The Beylerbeyi Palace ( tr, Beylerbeyi Sarayı, literally meaning ''the palace of the bey of beys'') is located in the Beylerbeyi neighbourhood of Üsküdar district in Istanbul, Turkey, at the Asian side of the Bosphorus. An Imperial Ottoma ...
, where he died in 1918.


Sponsorings

In 1900, Bedrifelek sponsored the construction of a fountain known as the "Körük Fountain" in
Gebze Gebze (,) is a district in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. It is situated 65 km (30 mi) southeast of Istanbul, on the Gulf of Izmit, the eastern arm of the Sea of Marmara. Gebze is the largest district per population size in the province as o ...
. In 1909, she sponsored the repairing of the '' tekke'' and tomb of Nûreddin Cerrâhi in
Karagümrük Karagümrük is a neighborhood in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. The neighborhood gives its name to a professional football club Fatih Karagümrük S.K., also called Karagümrükspor, that is based in the Karagümrük neighbourhood since 192 ...
, Istanbul. She also made donations to the "Ottoman Hilal-i Ahmer Association" (''Hilâl-i Ahmer Cemiyet'').


Last years and death

At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Bedrifelek remained in her son's mansion in Serencebey. Those who knew her said she would never get out of her house and she would always reminisce about her time in Yıldız Palace. She always wore white clothes and a white veil to cover her head and her eyes would always be wet and mournful. She was always melancholic and always spoke nostalgically of the old days when she was Imperial Consort. On 14 January 1925, she gave the power of attorney to Sami Günzberg, a well-known Turkish Jewish lawyer, authorising him to regain from usurpers buildings, lands, mines, concessions left by Abdul Hamid situated in Turkish territory and elsewhere. She died on 8 February 1930 at the age of seventy-nine, and was buried in Yahya Efendi cemetery,
Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
.


Issue


See also

*
Kadın (title) Kadın ( ota, قادین) was the title given to the imperial consort of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire towards the beginning of the seventeenth century. The title came into official usage at the end of the century, and remained in usage until th ...
*
Ottoman Imperial Harem The Imperial Harem ( ota, حرم همايون, ) of the Ottoman Empire was the Ottoman sultan's harem – composed of the wives, servants (both female slaves and eunuchs), female relatives and the sultan's concubines – occupying a secluded ...
*
List of consorts of the Ottoman sultans This is a list of Consorts of the Ottoman sultans, the wives and concubines of the monarchs of the Ottoman Empire who ruled over the transcontinental empire from its inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. Honorific and titles Hatun Ha ...


References


Sources

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Bedrifelek Kadin 1851 births 1930 deaths 19th-century consorts of Ottoman sultans People from the Ottoman Empire of Circassian descent Circassian nobility Abdul Hamid II