The Battle of Guadalupe Island, also known as the Battle of Guadalupe, was a naval action that took place off
Guadalupe Island
Guadalupe Island ( es, Isla Guadalupe, link=no) is a volcanic island located off the western coast of Mexico's Baja California Peninsula and about southwest of the city of Ensenada in the state of Baja California, in the Pacific Ocean. The ...
(
French: ''Guadeloupe''),
Caribbean Sea
The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; pap, Laman Karibe) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico ...
, on 8 November 1595, between a Spanish force of five
frigates commanded by Don
Pedro Tello de Guzmán and Don
Gonzalo Méndez de Cancio (who was appointed
Admiral on 19 August 1595), and an English squadron of nine ships (rear of
Francis Drake's fleet), during the
unsuccessful English military expedition of 1595 against
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
and their
possessions, led by Sir
Francis Drake himself, Sir
John Hawkins
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Second ...
and Sir
Thomas Baskerville, as the context of the
Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604).
[Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)"/>][Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(01)"/> One of the English ships, the ''Francis,'' was captured and the others fled from the battle.][Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(01)"/>][Rodríguez González pp. 79-88] Then, knowing Drake's plans, the Spanish flotilla
A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a small ''flota'' ( fleet) of ships), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet.
Composition
A flotilla is usually composed of a homogeneous group of the same clas ...
took advantage over the bulk of Drake's fleet, and arrived at San Juan on 13 November, reinforcing the town with 500 soldiers and supplies.[Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(03)"> Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898). p.108] The Spaniards organized different artillery positions in strategic locations, and the five frigates were positioned to cover the entrance of the bay with their artillery, awaiting the arrival of Drake.[Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(02)"> Fernández Duro, Cesáreo pp.108-109] On 22 November, with the defenses completed, the English fleet arrived off San Juan and tried to invade the town.[Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(02)"/> The result was another Spanish victory over Drake's forces.][Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)(02)"/>][Van Middeldyk p.68]
See also
* Spanish Main
During the Spanish colonization of America, the Spanish Main was the collective term for the parts of the Spanish Empire that were on the mainland of the Americas and had coastlines on the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of Mexico. The term was used to di ...
* Battle of Las Palmas
* Battle of San Juan (1595)
The Battle of San Juan (1595) was a Spanish victory during the Anglo–Spanish War. This war broke out in 1585 and was fought not only in the European theatre but in Spain's American colonies. After emerging from six years of disgrace following ...
* Guadalupe Island
Guadalupe Island ( es, Isla Guadalupe, link=no) is a volcanic island located off the western coast of Mexico's Baja California Peninsula and about southwest of the city of Ensenada in the state of Baja California, in the Pacific Ocean. The ...
* Fort San Felipe del Morro
Castillo San Felipe del Morro, also known as El Morro, is a citadel built between 16th and 18th centuries in San Juan, Puerto Rico.[ww ...](_blank)
Notes
References
* Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898). ''Armada Española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón.'' Vol. III. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval. Madrid.
* Konstam, Angus (2008). ''Piracy: The Complete History''. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. UK.
* Van Middeldyk, R. A. (2008). ''The History of Puerto Rico''. Teddington: Echo Library. UK.
* Ullivarri, Saturnino (2004). ''Piratas y corsarios en Cuba''. Spain: Editorial Renacimiento.
* Rodríguez González, Agustín Ramón (2006). ''Victorias por Mar de los Españoles''. Biblioteca de Historia. Grafite Ediciones. Madrid.
External links
* Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1898)
''Armada Española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón.''
Vol. III. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval. Madrid.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Guadelupe Island, Battle of 1595
Naval battles of the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
Conflicts in 1595
16th century in the Caribbean
1595 in the Caribbean
1595 in the British Empire
1595 in the Spanish Empire