Barou-en-Auge
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Barou-en-Auge (, literally ''Barou in Auge'') is a commune in the Calvados
department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in the Normandy region of north-western France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Conias''.


Geography

Barou-en-Auge is located some 10 km north-east of
Falaise Falaise may refer to: Places * Falaise, Ardennes, France * Falaise, Calvados, France ** The Falaise pocket was the site of a battle in the Second World War * La Falaise, in the Yvelines ''département'', France * The Falaise escarpment in Quebec ...
and 8 km south of Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives. Access to the commune is by the D90 road from
Louvagny Louvagny () is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. Population See also *Communes of the Calvados department The following is a list of the 528 communes of the Calvados department of Franc ...
in the north which passes through the centre of the commune and the village before continuing south to
Le Marais-la-Chapelle Le Marais-la-Chapelle () is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of o ...
. The D39 from
Damblainville Damblainville () is a commune in the Calvados department and Normandy region of north-western France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas reg ...
to Heurtevent forms the northern border of the commune. The D39B goes west from the village to Morteaux-Coulibœuf. ''Le Beudron'' stream rises near the village and flows west to join the Dives west of the commune. The ''Ruisseau des Ruaux'' flows west through the south of the commune and also joins the Dives.


Toponymy

The spelling ''Barou'' was attested in 1417.Albert Dauzat and Charles Rostaing, ''Etymological Dictionary of place names in France'', Larousse, Paris, 1963 René Lepelley suggested a possible attribution of its origin to the Gallic ''barro'' (''barre'' in Old French) meaning "fence" joined to the Gallic suffix of presence ''-avo'' meaning "enclosure". Albert Dauzat proposes the Latin anthroponym ''Barus''. The commune of ''Barou'' was renamed ''Barou-en-Auge'' in 1936.


History

Barou-en-Auge appears as ''Barou'' on the 1750
Cassini Map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...
and the same on the 1790 version. On 10 November 1855 at around 10:00 am a wolf was seen in Barou commune. Upon a declaration by the mayor a hunt was organized. All landowners with a gun had to travel to the edge of the wood where the wolf had entered. After an epic pursuit in the wood the wolf was wounded after several shots. He managed to escape and take refuge in a small wood located in the commune of Norrey. At eight in the evening the wolf was killed by a day labourer living in Barou. It was a wolf about 3 to 4 years old. A prize of 12 francs was granted. The Falaise Pocket was the last operation of the Battle of Normandy during the Second World War. It took place from 12 to 21 August 1944 in an area between the four Normandy towns of Trun,
Argentan Argentan () is a commune and the seat of two cantons and of an arrondissement in the Orne department in northwestern France. Argentan is located NE of Rennes, ENE of the Mont Saint-Michel, SE of Cherbourg, SSE of Caen, SW of Rouen and N ...
,
Vimoutiers Vimoutiers () is a commune in the Orne department in north-western France. The finish line of the Paris–Camembert bicycle race is Vimoutiers. History In 1040 while besieging a nearby Norman castle, Alan III, Duke of Brittany died suddenly in V ...
and Chambois and ended near
Falaise Falaise may refer to: Places * Falaise, Ardennes, France * Falaise, Calvados, France ** The Falaise pocket was the site of a battle in the Second World War * La Falaise, in the Yvelines ''département'', France * The Falaise escarpment in Quebec ...
.


Administration

List of Successive
Mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities ...
The Municipal Council is composed of 7 members including the Mayor and 1 deputy.


Demography

In 2017 the commune had 78 inhabitants.


Culture and heritage


Civil heritage

*An old Tile Factory. This factory is located on the first clays of the Auge area and close to the woods near Barou which provided fuel. In 1875 it employed four to fifteen workers. The origins of the factory are not known: it is certain that the factory already existed at the beginning of the 19th century when the ''Tile Factory of Barou'' was the property of the Jolivet de Colomby family and remains so today. The factory was rented to the Bernuis family. It permanently ceased its activities in 1916 during the First World War with the departure of the men to the front. Production at the factory was seasonal: in spring and summer the clay was mined and tiles were manufactured cooked in ten annual batches. Closed during the winter, the factory reopened after the last frost in April. In summer, especially during the harvest period, the workers went to harvest. Some remains have survived: parts of the oven, the clay insulating cover for baking, a granite millstone for crushing clay, the drying building, and the lodge for the operator who watched the process. *The Chemin Haussé
Roman road Roman roads ( la, viae Romanae ; singular: ; meaning "Roman way") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, and were built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Re ...
passes through the commune coming from Rouvres via
Jort Jort () is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions a ...
and continuing to
Exmes Exmes is a former commune in the Orne department in north-western France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Gouffern en Auge.half-timbered Timber framing (german: Holzfachwerk) and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden ...
with a
Corbel arch A corbel arch (or corbeled / corbelled arch) is an arch-like construction method that uses the architectural technique of corbeling to span a space or void in a structure, such as an entranceway in a wall or as the span of a bridge. A corbel v ...
supported at both corners by the gables. This mixed construction evokes both the Pays d'Auge in the timbering, and the Caen-Falaise plain in the limestone masonry, the village being located on the border of the two regions. The servants' quarters date from the 19th century. *The Tarenne Farmhouse *A Chateau(15th century) *A House(18th century) *Houses and Farms(16th-19th centuries)


Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint Martin (13th century) is registered as an historical monument. There is a statue in high relief representing the charity of
Saint Martin Saint Martin may refer to: People * Saint Martin of Tours (c. 316–397), Bishop of Tours, France * Saint Martin of Braga (c. 520–580), archbishop of Bracara Augusta in Gallaecia (now Braga in Portugal) * Pope Martin I (598–655) * Saint Mart ...
above the portal of the bell tower. This 18th century statue is separated from the rest of the church following the disappearance of a large part of the nave in the late 19th century. It is topped by a weather vane decorated with a tricolor flag instead of the traditional rooster (replaced by the commune). The choir from the 13th century is illuminated by windows with Gothic lancets. The
bays A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a small, circular bay with a narr ...
of the nave have survived and are closed by a facade decorated with a neo-Gothic portal. To the south, adjoining the choir, the lordly chapel is vaulted with intersecting ribs resting on columns. In the 16th century the lordship of Barou belonged to the Morell family of Aubigny. William, squire of the Queen and Governor of Mortagne au Perche, died in April 1615 as shown on a tombstone and ''Litre funéraire'' (a black band around the church to honour the deceased). A funeral decoration is painted in fresco on the wall. The conservation of this type of decoration is rare, the murals were frequently covered according to the tastes of the time. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects: *A Tombstone of William of Morel (1615) *A Lectern (19th century) *A Baptismal Font (16th century) *A Tabernacle (17th century) *An Altar and Retable (17th century) *A Statue: Christ on the Cross (18th century) *4 brasses (15th century) *A Sacristy Chasuble Cabinet (19th century) *A Litre funéraire (1615) *4 Tombstones (19th century) *A Group Sculpture: Charity of Saint Martin (16th century)Ministry of Culture, Palissy


Festivals

*Festival Committee: "Entertainment and leisure Barou-en-Auge" (Albea).


See also

*
Communes of the Calvados department The following is a list of the 528 communes of the Calvados department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Calvados (department)