Barinque (; oc, Barinco) is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

of the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region of south-western

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Barinquais'' or ''Barinquaises''.

Geography

Barinque is located on a steep hill overlooking the ''Souye'' valley, some 15 kilometres north-east of Pau and 7 km south-east of Auriac in the Vic-Bihl region. Access to the commune is by the D222 road from Higuères-Souye in the south which goes north through the west of the commune to the village then continues east to join the D43 which forms the south-eastern border of the commune as it goes from Escoubès in the east to Saint-Jammes in the south. There are large areas of forest in the south of the commune and scattered forests in the commune however most of the commune is farmland. The ''Luy de France'' flows from the south forming the entire western border of the commune before continuing north to eventually join the Luy north of Castel-Sarrazin. The ''Souye'' river flows from south to north-west through the heart of the commune joining the Luy de France on the western border of the commune. The ''Ruisseau de Cimpceu'' rises east of the village and flows north to join the Gabas west of Sévignacq.

Places and Hamlets

Below is a list of places and hamlets in the commune: * Antoni * Arnaud * Artigou * Auguste * Barbe * Barthe * Bié * Bourdallé * Castagnet * Champrilh * Charron * Coulate * Daguet * Fisse * La Gare * Garimbay * Gélizé * Grabette * Jeanbounat * Labat * Laragnou * Lardas * Lasalle * Lauga * Lavigne (2 places) * Loudet * Loustau * Margotou * Mariette * Marque * Mingenette * Monge * Mouchou * Parjouan * Pébrocq * Picou * Pierrot * Piot * Piquet * Pisseu * Portaix * Prétou * Prince * Pucheu * Saubade * Soubirou * Toulardet

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is ''Barinco'' (pronounced ''Barincou''). Michel Grosclaude concluded that the name is of Occitan origin with the meaning "slope towards a ravine", following Dauzat and Rostaing who offered a

Gaulish Gaulish was an ancient Celtic language spoken in parts of Continental Europe before and during the period of the Roman Empire. In the narrow sense, Gaulish was the language of the Celts of Gaul (now France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switze ...

and pre-Gaulish root ''barr-'' meaning "height" or "summit" with the suffix ''-incum''. The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: *Grosclaude: ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', 2006 Michel Grosclaude, ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *EHESS: Origins: *Census: Census of BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Reformation: Reformation of BéarnManuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Barinque: Titles of BarinqueTitles of Barinque in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 21 of his 1863 dictionary that Barinque had a

Lay Abbey Lay may refer to: Places *Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada *Lay, Loire, a French commune * Lay (river), France * Lay, Iran, a village *Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community People * Lay (surname) ...

, vassal of the

Viscounts of Béarn The viscounts of Béarn (Basque: ''Bearno'', Gascon: ''Bearn'' or ''Biarn'') were the rulers of the viscounty of Béarn, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Basque province ...

. In 1385 Barinque had 15

fires Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are pr ...

and depended on the bailiwick of Pau. Barinque was part of the Barony of Navailles in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

.Barinque official website - History page
The commune was part of the Arch-Deaconry of Vic-Bilh which depended on the

Bishop of Lescar The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lescar (Latin: ''Dioecesis Lascurrensis;'' French: ''Diocèse de Lescar''; Basque: ''Leskarreko elizbarrutia''), in south-western France, was founded in the fifth century, and continued until 1790. It was originally ...

and

Lembeye Lembeye (; oc, Lenveja) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques ...

was the capital. Barinque appears as ''Barinque'' on the 1750 Cassini Map but as ''Barringue'' on the 1790 version.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 606 inhabitants. Monument aux morts de Barinque

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments: *A Farmhouse at Saubade (1733)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Pierrot (1765)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Farmhouse at Loudet (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Houses and Farms (18th-19th century)

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Barthélémy (12th century) is registered as an historical monument. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects: *The Furniture in the Church *A container for Baptismal water (17th century) *A Collection Plate (19th century) *6 Candlesticks (19th century) *A

Chalice A chalice (from Latin 'mug', borrowed from Ancient Greek () 'cup') or goblet is a footed cup intended to hold a drink. In religious practice, a chalice is often used for drinking during a ceremony or may carry a certain symbolic meaning. R ...

(18th century) *2 Processional Banners (19th century) *A Mural Painting: Saints Paul and Peter and 2 Angels (16th century) *A

Stoup A holy water font or stoup is a vessel containing holy water which is generally placed near the entrance of a church. It is often placed at the base of a crucifix or religious representation. It is used in the Catholic Church, Anglican Churches ...

(19th century) *A secondary

Altar An altar is a table or platform for the presentation of religious offerings, for sacrifices, or for other ritualistic purposes. Altars are found at shrines, temples, churches, and other places of worship. They are used particularly in paga ...

of the Virgin with

Tabernacle According to the Hebrew Bible, the tabernacle ( he, מִשְׁכַּן, mīškān, residence, dwelling place), also known as the Tent of the Congregation ( he, link=no, אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד, ’ōhel mō‘ēḏ, also Tent of Meeting, etc.), ...

and stand for a Monstrance (18th century) *An Altar Painting: the Martyrdom of Saint Barthélémy (1650) *A

Retable A retable is a structure or element placed either on or immediately behind and above the altar or communion table of a church. At the minimum it may be a simple shelf for candles behind an altar, but it can also be a large and elaborate structur ...

(1650) *3 Statuettes: Saint Peter, Saint Paul, and the Virgin with child (1720) *A

(1650) *The main

and Tomb (18th century) *The main

, and

(18th century) *A Stained glass window: Saint John (Bay 2) (1873) *4 Stained glass windows (Bays 3-6) (19th century) *A Capital and recessed

(13th century)Ministry of Culture, Palissy