A bare-metal stent is a
stent
In medicine, a stent is a metal or plastic tube inserted into the lumen of an anatomic vessel or duct to keep the passageway open, and stenting is the placement of a stent. A wide variety of stents are used for different purposes, from expandab ...
made of thin, uncoated (bare) metal wire that has been formed into a mesh-like tube. The first stents licensed for use in cardiac arteries were bare metal – often 316L stainless steel. More recent "second generation" bare-metal stents have been made of cobalt chromium alloy.
[Nikam N et al. Advances in stent technologies and their effect on clinical efficacy and safety. Med Devices (Auckl). 2014 Jun 3;7:165-78. ] While plastic stents were first used to treat
gastrointestinal
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and ...
conditions of the esophagus, gastroduodenum, biliary ducts, and colon, bare-metal stent advancements led to their use for these conditions starting in the 1990s.
[Park JS, Jeong S, Lee DH. Recent Advances in Gastrointestinal Stent Development. Clin Endosc. 2015 May; 48(3): 209–215. ]
Drug-eluting stents are often preferred over bare-metal stents because the latter carry a higher risk of
restenosis
Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis, a narrowing of a blood vessel, leading to restricted blood flow. Restenosis usually pertains to an artery or other large blood vessel that has become narrowed, received treatment to clear the blockage and s ...
, the growth of tissue into the stent resulting in vessel narrowing.
[Palmerini T et al. Long-Term Safety of Drug-Eluting and Bare-Metal Stents: Evidence From a Comprehensive Network Meta-Analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Jun 16;65(23):2496-507. ]
Lay summary
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Examples
* Stainless steel: R stent (OrbusNeich
OrbusNeich ( ) is a global pioneer in the provision of life-changing vascular solutions and offers an extensive portfolio of products that set industry benchmarks in vascular intervention.
In 2013, OrbusNeich received CE mark for the world's fi ...
), Genous Bio-engineered R stent (OrbusNeich
OrbusNeich ( ) is a global pioneer in the provision of life-changing vascular solutions and offers an extensive portfolio of products that set industry benchmarks in vascular intervention.
In 2013, OrbusNeich received CE mark for the world's fi ...
), (J&J, Cordis) BxVelocity, (Medtronic) Express2, Matrix Stent (Sahajanand Medical technologies)
* Cobalt-chromium alloy: Vision ( Abbott Vascular); MP35N Driver stent (Medtronic
Medtronic plc is an American medical device company. The company's operational and executive headquarters are in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and its legal headquarters are in Ireland due to its acquisition of Irish-based Covidien in 2015. While it ...
)[Jorge C, Dubois C Clinical utility of platinum chromium bare-metal stents in coronary heart disease. Med Devices (Auckl). 2015 Aug 27;8:359-67. ]
* Platinum chromium alloy: Omega BMS (Boston Scientific
Boston Scientific Corporation ("BSC"), incorporated in Delaware, is a biomedical/biotechnology engineering firm and multinational manufacturer of medical devices used in interventional medical specialties, including interventional radiology, i ...
)[
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See also
* Angioplasty
Angioplasty, is also known as balloon angioplasty and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure used to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins, typically to treat arterial atheroscle ...
* Coronary stent
* Percutaneous coronary intervention
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowing of the coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary artery disease. The process involves combining coronary angioplasty with stenting, which is the ...
References
Implants (medicine)
Interventional cardiology
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