Barbican of Kraków on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
A barbican (from fro, barbacane) is a fortified outpost or
here
.
Barbican
at Location Textures
Barbican, A Fortified Outpost Of Old Town Of Krakow, Poland
on DreamSite
Krakow Barbican – The Last Remains of the City’s Medieval Defences
on Absolute Tours
Barbican
on
Castle Barbican
on Medieval Chronicles
on Ancient Fortresses Barbicans {{fort-stub
A barbican (from fro, barbacane) is a fortified outpost or fortified gateway
A fortified gateway is an element of a variety of fortified structures, such as a castle or walled town. Fortified gates or gateways appear in the Bronze Age and reach into the modern times.
City gate
Gatehouse
{{main, Gatehouse
''Torburg''
...
, such as at an outer defense perimeter of a city or castle, or any tower situated over a gate or bridge which was used for defensive purposes.
Europe
In the Middle Ages, barbicans were typically situated outside the main line of defenses, and were connected to the city walls with a walled road called ''the neck''. In the 15th century, with the improvement insiege
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characteriz ...
tactics and artillery
Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during siege ...
, barbicans lost their significance. Barbicans were built well into the 16th century. Fortified or mock-fortified gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the mo ...
s remained a feature of ambitious French and English residences well into the 17th century. Portuguese medieval fortification nomenclature uses barbican to describe any wall outside of and lower than the main defensive wall that forms a second barrier. The barrier may be complete, extensive or only protect particularly weak areas. The more restrictive term ''gate barbican'' is used for structures protecting gates.
Islamic world
The origin of the English word barbican is thought to be found in either Persian or Arabic (see here ohere
.
Paul Deschamps
Paul may refer to:
*Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name)
* Paul (surname), a list of people
People
Christianity
*Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chri ...
(1888–1974) interpreted the Arabic word 'bashura as used in 13th-century chronicles to mean barbican, a defensive structure placed ahead of a gate, but this has been debunked, 'bashura' denoting rather an entire section of the outer fortifications, which may include a barbican, but also a bastion, gate, tower, or all of those together.
East Asia
Fortifications inEast Asia
East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both Geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The modern State (polity), states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. ...
also feature similar high structures. In particular, gates in Chinese city wall
Chinese city walls () refer to defensive systems used to protect towns and cities in China in pre-modern times. In addition to walls, city defenses often included towers and gates.
Meaning of the word ''Chengqiang''
The most specific Chines ...
s were often defended by an additional "archery tower" in front of the main gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the mo ...
, with the two towers connected by walls extending out from the main fortification. Literally called " jar walls", they are often referred to as "barbicans" in English.
See also
*Gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the mo ...
* Kraków Barbican
The Kraków Barbican ( pl, Barbakan Krakowski) is a barbican – a fortified outpost once connected to the city walls. It is a historic gateway leading into the Old Town of Kraków, Poland. The barbican is one of the few remaining relics of the ...
* Warsaw Barbican
* Saint Laurence Gate, Drogheda
* Wall of Vilnius Vilnius city wall in the 16th century
The Vilnius city wall was a defensive wall around Vilnius, capital city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It was built between 1503 and 1522 for protection from the attacks by the Crimean Khanate at the begin ...
References
* *External links
* *Barbican
at Location Textures
Barbican, A Fortified Outpost Of Old Town Of Krakow, Poland
on DreamSite
Krakow Barbican – The Last Remains of the City’s Medieval Defences
on Absolute Tours
Barbican
on
Encyclopædia Britannica
The (Latin for "British Encyclopædia") is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It is published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.; the company has existed since the 18th century, although it has changed ownership various t ...
Castle Barbican
on Medieval Chronicles
on Ancient Fortresses Barbicans {{fort-stub