Balyakalasakhi

''Balyakalasakhi'' ( ml, ബാല്യകാലസഖി, meaning ''childhood companion''), is a Malayalam romantic tragedy novel written by Vaikom Muhammad Basheer. Published in 1944, it is considered by many as Basheer's best work. The story revolves around Majeed and Suhra, who are in love with each other from childhood. By Basheer's own admission, the story is largely autobiographical.

Plot summary

The childhood romance between neighbours blossoms into passionate love during adolescence. Majeed's father was rich once, so could send him to a school in the distant town, although he was not very good at studies. Suhra's father on the other hand had trouble making both ends meet. Even then he wanted to send his daughter, who was good at studies to the school. But after her father's death, all her hopes of further studies was ruined. Majeed begs his father to sponsor Suhra's education, but he refuses.

Majeed leaves home after a skirmish with his father, and wanders over distant lands for a long time before returning home. On his return, he finds that his family's former affluence is all gone, and that his beloved Suhra has married someone else. He is grief struck at the loss of love, and this is when Suhra turns up at his home. She is a shadow of her former self. The beautiful, sunshiny, vibrant Suhra of old is now a woman worn out by life, battered hard by a loveless marriage to an abusive husband. Majeed commands her, "Suhra, don't go back!" and she stays.

Majeed leaves home once again, but this time with plans on his mind. He needs to find a job, to ward off poverty, and thus he reaches a North Indian city. He finds work as a salesman but one day he meets with a bicycle accident in which he loses a leg. The day after he is discharged from hospital, he is informed that he's fired from his job. He again sets off on a job quest knocking at every door, wearing off his soles. He finds work as a dish-washer in a hotel. As he scrubs dirty dishes each day, he dreams of Suhra back home waiting for him to return. He must make enough money to return home and repay debts, before he can finally marry the woman of his life. His mother writes to him that Suhra is sick and subsequently of Suhra's death.

Literary significance and criticism

The first half of the story, dealing with childhood and adolescence is pleasant, delightfully told. The latter half is grim and filled with sorrow. Yet, it tells about the hope that people living in near poverty have about their future. They accumulate their dreams and keep their most secret sweet desires to themselves and go on with the hard grind of daily life, struggling to eke out a living.

The lightness of narrative style disguises an undercurrent of poignancy. Even in the moments of utter grief, the author cannot let go of humour. Intense tragedy is dished out as if it were something meant to make the readers laugh.

The novel talks about love in its truest, sincerest form; yet that very kind of love goes unfulfilled. The lovers have to face harsh reality of life, they have to go through hell, and even worse, separation, but all their sacrifice fetches no rewards. As M. P. Paul suggests in his foreword to the book, '' Jeevithathil Ninnum Oru Aedu'', it is a page torn from life, bleeding at its edges.

The novel has been translated in to several Indian and Global languages, including English by R E Asher and Achamma Coilparampil Chandrasekharan. The Arabic version also came out last year, rendered by Suhail Abdul Hakeem Wafy, published by Arabic Scientific Publishers, Lebanon.

''Ummini Valya Onnu''

One of the phrases in ''Balyakalasakhi'' that is always associated to Basheer's name is "Ummini Valya Onnu" - Malayalam for "slightly bigger than one". While at school, Majeed discovers a new mathematical result, that one plus one must be "a slightly bigger one". Majeed is puzzled when the teacher punishes him for this discovery, for he had seen two rivers merge into a slightly bigger one. This could be considered as a manifestation of Basheer's talent to think creatively and subjectively. Later when he knocks doors for a job, such skills in mathematics cannot help him find a decent paying situation. This phrase has inspired social constructivism for administrators and social reformers.

Basheer on ''Balyakalasakhi''

Basheer said that Majeed of ''Balyakalasakhi'' is himself. He started work on the book after seeing a terrifying nightmare which reminded him of his childhood companion Suhara's death. At the time, he was living in Calcutta. He used to sleep on the rooftop of a building after a heavy day's work. One night, he saw a monster in his sleep. Waking up, he found that he was standing on the edge of the rooftop, a step away from falling. He began writing the book in English. Highly dissatisfied with what he had written, he destroyed it. Later, he rewrote the story from scratch and perfected it through countless revisions. (Basheer was a hard labourer at writing. His simplicity of style is no accident. Almost everything he wrote was reworked and revised innumerable times before they went into press.)

Film adaptations

* '' Balyakalasakhi'': A 1967 film starring Prem Nazir as Majeed and Sheela as Suhara, and directed by Sasikumar. Basheer himself wrote the screenplay and dialogues for the film.
* '' Balyakalasakhi'': A 2014 film starring Mammootty as Majeed and Isha Talwar as Suhara, and scripted and directed by Pramod Payyannur.

References

{{Malayalam Literature , state=collapsed

1944 novels
DC Books books
Indian autobiographical novels
Indian novels adapted into films
Indian romance novels
Malayalam novels
Novels by Vaikom Muhammad Basheer
Novels set in India
Novels set in Kerala