Bílinite (Fe
2+Fe
23+(SO
4)·22H
2O) is an iron
sulfate mineral. It is a product of the
oxidation of
pyrite in water. It is an acidic
mineral that has a pH of less than 3 and is harmful to the environment when it comes from
acid rock drainage
In computer science, ACID ( atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequ ...
(Keith et al., 2001).
Bílinite was first discovered near
Bílina,
Czech Republic which is why the
mineral was named 'bílinite' (
Palache ''(Previously, this page expanded into a family history–now in separate entry: q.v. "Pallache family.")''
The Pallache (see Pallache family for many spellings of name) are a Sephardic Jewish family who originated on the Iberian Peninsula, sprea ...
, et al., 1969). This mineral possibly occurs on
Mars.
Composition
The weight percent oxide is as follows:
[
]
Related minerals
Related minerals to bílinite include jarosite, which is an iron sulfate salt, lepidocrocite, schwertmannite, ferricopiapite, and copiapite (Marion, et al., 2008).
Special characteristics
Boulder Creek is a stream at Iron Mountain in Shasta County, California. The stream drains into the Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay
San Francisco Bay is a large tidal estuary in the U.S. state of California, and gives its name to the San Francisco Bay Area. It is dominated by the big cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland.
San Francisco Bay drains water from a ...
. The water in this stream is contaminated from the mixture of the groundwater and surface streams due to mining. The pH is low and acidic due to the oxidation of pyrite in water. This results in the formation of sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, with the molecular formu ...
and bílinite (Keith, et al., 2001).
References
*Keith, David C., Runnells, Donald D., Esposito, Kenneth J., Chermak, John A., Levy, David B., Haaula, Steven R., Watts, Malcolm, Hall, Larry. (2001) Geochemical models of the impact of acidic groundwater and evaporative sulfate salts on Boulder Creek at Iron Mountain, California. Applied Geochemistry 16, 947-961.
*Marion, Giles M., Kargel, Jeffrey S., Catling, David C. (2008) Modeling ferrous-ferric iron chemistry with application to Martian surface geochemistry. Geochimica Et cosmochimica Acta 72, 242-266.
*Tosca, Nicholas J, McLennan Scott, M, (2009) Experimental constraints on the evaporation of partially oxidized acid-sulfate waters at the martian surface. Geochimica Et Cosmochmica Acta 73, 1205–1222.
*Palache, C. H,. Berman, and C. Frondel, Bol'shakov, A.P. And L.I. Ptushko (1951) Fe2+ Fe23+ (SO4)4 *22(H2O). Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing (Republish by the Mineralogical Society of America).
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bilinite
Sulfate minerals
Iron(II,III) minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 14