Red-bodied swallowtails or ruby swallowtail ( due to the color ) are

butterflies Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises ...

in the swallowtail family, that belong to the genera ''Atrophaneura'', ''Byasa'', ''Losaria'', or ''Pachliopta''. They are generally found in

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

(

Indomalayan realm The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia. Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Ind ...

Collectors Collector(s) may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Collector (character), a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe * ''Collector'' (2011 film), a 2011 Indian Malayalam film * ''Collector'' (2016 film), a 2016 Russian film * ''Collec ...

have found the red-bodied swallowtails difficult to kill. Pinching the

thorax The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the c ...

, a method which kills most butterflies, is withstood and apparently only stuns the butterfly temporarily.

Life history

The eggs are simple. The larvae resemble those of other Troidini. Fleshy spine-like tubercles, often with red tips, line the caterpillars' backs, and their bodies are dark red to brown and velvety black or shades of grey with a pattern of black lines. They feed on species of ''

Aristolochia ''Aristolochia'' () is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae. Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse clim ...

'' and '' Thottea''. Chrysalids are camouflaged to look like a dead leaf or twig. They are attached by a girdle and an anal pad. Adults are nectar feeding. Many species of red-bodied swallowtails show

aposematism Aposematism is the advertising by an animal to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. This unprofitability may consist of any defences which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom, foul taste ...

, and serve as models for

Batesian mimicry Batesian mimicry is a form of mimicry where a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species directed at a predator of them both. It is named after the English naturalist Henry Walter Bates, after his work on ...

. The biology of '' Pachliopta hector'' and '' Pachliopta aristolochiae'' are well studied. File:Pachliopta hector egg sec.jpg, ''Pachliopta hector'' egg File:Common Rose Cat in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0052.jpg, ''Pachliopta aristolochiae'' larva File:ジャコウアゲハ蛹-1.jpg, ''Byasa alcinous'' pupa

Taxonomy

Species limits may be either narrow (many species - forma and subspecies raised to full or "good" species) or broad (fewer species - rank reduction) se
Jürgen Haffer
for a discussion.

Genera and species

Listed alphabetically within genera: genus: ''Atrophaneura'' Reakirt,

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/small> (earlier considered as subgenus ''Atrophaneura'' but now raised to genus level) :*'' Atrophaneura aidoneus'' (Doubleday, 1845) — lesser batwing :*'' Atrophaneura dixoni'' (Grose-Smith, 1900) :*'' Atrophaneura horishana'' (Matsumura, 1910) — aurora swallowtail :*'' Atrophaneura kuehni'' (Honrath, 1886) :*'' Atrophaneura luchti'' (Roepke, 1935) :*'' Atrophaneura nox'' (Swainson, 1822) — Malayan batwing :*'' Atrophaneura priapus'' (Boisduval, 1836) — Priapus batwing :*'' Atrophaneura semperi'' (C. & R. Felder, 1861) :*'' Atrophaneura schadenbergi'' (Semper, 1891) :*'' Atrophaneura sycorax'' (Grose-Smith, 1885) :*'' Atrophaneura varuna'' (White, 1842) — common batwing :*'' Atrophaneura zaleucus'' (Hewitson,

genus: ''Byasa'' Moore, 1882 (earlier considered as subgenus ''Byasa'' but now raised to genus level). :*'' Byasa adamsoni'' (Grose-Smith, 1886) — Adamson's rose :*''

Byasa alcinous ''Byasa alcinous'', the Chinese windmill, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Description ''Byasa alcinous'' has a wingspan reaching about . The basic colour of the wings is black or dark brown. The hindwings have long tails and a chain ...

'' (Klug, 1836) — Chinese windmill :*'' Byasa crassipes'' (Oberthür, 1893) — black windmill :*'' Byasa daemonius'' (Alphéraky, 1895) :*'' Byasa dasarada'' (Moore, 1857) — great windmill :*'' Byasa hedistus'' (Jordan, 1928) :*'' Byasa impediens'' (Rothschild, 1895) :*'' Byasa laos'' (Riley & Godfrey, 1921) :*'' Byasa latreillei'' (Donovan, 1826) — rose windmill :*'' Byasa mencius'' (C. & R. Felder, 1862) :*'' Byasa nevilli'' (Wood-Mason, 1882) — Nevill's windmill :*'' Byasa plutonius'' (Oberthür, 1876) — Chinese windmill :*'' Byasa polla'' (de Nicéville, 1897) — De Niceville's windmill :*'' Byasa polyeuctes'' (Doubleday, 1842) — common windmill :*'' Byasa rhadinus'' (Jordan, 1928) genus: ''Losaria'' Moore,

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/small> (earlier considered as subgenus ''Losaria'' but now raised to genus level) :*'' Losaria coon'' (Fabricius, 1793) — common clubtail :*'' Losaria palu'' (Martin, 1912) — Palu swallowtail - has been regarded a subspecies of ''A. coon''Hancook, D.L. (1982). ''A note on Atrophaneura palu (Martin) 1912.'' Papilo International. 1(3): 71-73 :*''

Losaria rhodifer ''Losaria rhodifer'', the Andaman clubtail, is a rare species of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae, native to India. The butterfly belongs to the genus ''Losaria'', or the clubtails, as they are commonly known. Distribution The butterfly is ...

'' (Butler, 1876) — Andaman clubtail :*'' Losaria neptunus'' (Guérin-Méneville, 1840) — yellow-bodied club-tail or yellow club-tail genus: ''Pachliopta'' Reakirt,

/small> (earlier considered as subgenus ''Pachliopta'' but now raised to genus level) :*'' Pachliopta adamas'' ( Zinken, 1831) :*'' Pachliopta aristolochiae'' (Fabricius, 1775) — common rose :*'' Pachliopta antiphus'' (Fabricius, 1793) :*'' Pachliopta atropos'' (Staudinger, 1888) :*'' Pachliopta hector'' (Linnaeus, 1758) — crimson rose :*'' Pachliopta jophon'' (Gray,

853 __NOTOC__ Year 853 ( DCCCLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * May 22 – A Byzantine fleet (85 ships and 5,000 men) sacks and d ...

— Ceylon rose or Sri Lankan rose :*'' Pachliopta kotzebuea'' (Eschscholtz, 1821) — pink rose :*'' Pachliopta leytensis'' (Murayama, 1978) :*'' Pachliopta liris'' (Godart, 1819) :*'' Pachliopta mariae'' (Semper, 1878) :*'' Pachliopta oreon'' (Doherty, 1891) :*''

Pachliopta pandiyana ''Pachliopta pandiyana'', the Malabar rose, is a swallowtail butterfly belonging to the genus ''Pachliopta'', the roses or red-bodied swallowtails. It is an important endemic butterfly of south India. Description This was earlier considered ...

'' (Moore, 1881) — Malabar rose :*'' Pachliopta phlegon'' (C. & R. Felder, 1864) :*'' Pachliopta polydorus'' (Linnaeus, 1763) — red-bodied swallowtail :*'' Pachliopta polyphontes'' (Boisduval, 1836) :*'' Pachliopta strandi'' (Bryk, 1930)

References

External links

Flickr
Correctly identified tagged photos

{{Taxonbar, from=Q737853 Atrophaneura Insect common names Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN