Arzacq-Arraziguet
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Arzacq-Arraziguet (; oc, Arsac) is a commune in the
Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlanti ...
department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in the
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by t ...
region of south-western
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arzacquois'' or ''Arzacquoises''.


Geography

Arzacq-Arraziguet is located in the north-east of the department and of Béarn, 30 km north of Pau and 40 km south of
Mont-de-Marsan Mont-de-Marsan (; Occitan: ''Lo Mont de Marçan'') is a commune and capital of the Landes department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. Population Military installations The French Air and Space Force operates the ''Constantin Rozan ...
. The northern and north-eastern border of the commune is the border between the departments of
Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlanti ...
and
Landes ''Landes'', or ''Lanas'' in Gascon, means moorland or heath. ''Landes'' and ''Lanas'' come from the Latin ''plānus'' meaning “‘flat, even, level, plain’”. They are therefore cognate with the English plain (and plane), the Spanish word '' ...
. Access to the commune is by the D944 road from Méracq in the south passing through the town and continuing north to Samadet. The D946 road comes from
Morlanne Morlanne (; oc, Morlana) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. Residents are referred to as the ''Morlannais''. See also * Château de Morlanne *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The ...
in the west passing through the length of the commune and the town and continuing east to join the D834 just south of
Garlin Garlin () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of F ...
. The D246 branches off the D946 in the centre of the commune and goes north-west to join the D45 north of Piets-Plasence-Moustrou. The commune is mostly farmland but with many forests mainly towards the west.Google Maps
/ref> The
Louts The Louts (; oc, Lots) is a left tributary of the Adour, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, in the Southwest of France. It is long. Name It is documented in medieval Latin as ''Fluvius qui dicitur Lossium''.(''Gallia Christiana'' 12th century; with the u ...
river passes through the commune from south-east to north-west where it continues north-west to eventually join the
Adour The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...
on the border of the commune of Préchacq-les-Bains. The Arriou river rises in the south of the commune and flows north-west parallel to the Louts joining it north of the commune. The Luy de France forms the south-western border of the commune as it flows north-west to eventually join the
Luy The Luy is a left tributary of the Adour, in the Landes, in the Southwest of France. It is long, including its right source river ''Luy de France''. Geography The Luy is the union of two neighboring rivers, the Luy de Béarn, which is long ...
north of
Castel-Sarrazin Castel-Sarrazin (; oc, Sarrasins) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Castel-Sarrazin is the hometown of the top ranking Michelin starred chef Alain Ducasse. It is mentioned with fondness in th ...
.


Places and Hamlets

* L'Abattoir * Barot * Borde * La Borde * Brioulou * Castéra * Castetber * Chatou * Collongues * Couillet * Coutet * Cruhot * Cussou * Gaillat * Gariman * Gibardéou * Glesia * Gouaillard * Higuères * Hournas * Jouanlanne * Labère * Labus * Lacoste * Lafitte (two places) * Lafounta * Lafume * Lahon * Lanot * Larribaou * Lasterrières * Laulhé * Lhamounet * Licorne * Loué * Loustalet * Massou * Millet * Nabailh * Naude * Ninot * Piarrot * Pifre * Pigat * Pountet * Pouy * Rouquet * Roux * Salles * Sicut * Sobole * Ten * Tristan * VialéMinistry of Culture, Mérimée Géoportail
IGN ''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...


Neighbouring communes and villages


Toponymy

The name ''Arraziguet'' appears in the form: *''Raviguet'' (1793 or Year II) and was not shown on the
Cassini Map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...
of 1750.
Michel Grosclaude Michel Grosclaude (; oc, Miquèu; 1926–2002) was a philosopher and French linguist, and an author of works on grammar, lexicography and Occitan onomastics. Biography Born on 8 July 1926 in Nancy at (Meurthe-et-Moselle). He was the son of ...
, ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages,
Michel Grosclaude Michel Grosclaude (; oc, Miquèu; 1926–2002) was a philosopher and French linguist, and an author of works on grammar, lexicography and Occitan onomastics. Biography Born on 8 July 1926 in Nancy at (Meurthe-et-Moselle). He was the son of ...
indicated that the origin of the name is ''arrasic'' ("root" in Gascon), with the collective suffix ''-etum'' added giving "cluster of roots or stumps". The name ''Arzacq'' appears in the forms: *''Arsac'' (1385, Census of BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ), ''Lo marcat d'Arsac'' (1542,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011, p. 14
Reformation of Béarn B. 736Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ), at which time it came to
Soule Soule (Basque language, Basque: Zuberoa; Zuberoan/ Soule Basque: Xiberoa or Xiberua; Occitan language, Occitan: ''Sola'') is a former viscounty and France, French Provinces of France, province and part of the present-day Pyrénées-Atlantiques ...
and Lower Navarre, *''Arzac'' (1620, related to a journey by
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
to Pau), and *''Arzac'' on the
Cassini Map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...
in 1750Cassini Map 1750 - Arzac
/ref> Its name in béarnais is ''Arsac''. The name is of Gallo-Roman origin - the name of a former owner ("Domain of Arsius").History page on the Town Hall website
''Cherre'' was a hamlet in Arzacq, mentioned by the dictionary of 1863.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 49
The name ''Vialé'' appears in the form ''Le Vialé'' in the 1863 dictionary.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 173


History

On 14 and 15 October 1620,
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
stopped in Arzacq on his way to Pau. The two aldermen of the town were then Pierre Dubern and Dominique de Meylon. In 1790 the Canton of Arzacq comprised the same communes as today except the village of Riumayou, but including the commune of
Momas Momas is a commune in France. It is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departement, in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyré ...
. Arraziguet was merged with Arzacq on 7 September 1845.


Heraldry


Administration

List of Successive Mayors


Inter-communality

The commune is part of three inter-communal structures: * the Communauté de communes des Luys en Béarn; * the AEP association of Arzacq; * the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;


Twinning

Arzacq-Arraziguet has twinning associations with: * Schwarzach (Germany) since 1995. * Luna (Spain) since 2004.


Demography

In 2017 the commune had 1,089 inhabitants.


Culture and Heritage


Civil heritage

The Gallo-Roman period in the commune was the subject of a study by the Ministry of Culture. There are many buildings in Arzacq-Arraziguet of many types which are registered as historical monuments. These are: * Lavoir or Public laundry at Labère (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée One of the first requirements at any Bastide was an ample supply of water. The Lavoir or Public laundry at Labère is oddly located several miles from the town in the open countryside. *Presbytery House at Place du Marcadieu (19th century) *Mimbielle House at Place du Marcadieu (18th century) *Post Office at Place du Marcadieu (19th century) *House at Place du Marcadieu (18th century) *Butchery at Place de la République (15th, 16th, & 20th centuries) *House at Place de la République (15th, 16th, & 19th centuries) *Cafe at Place de la République (15th, 16th, 18th, & 19th centuries) *War Memorial (First World War) *House at Place de la République (18th & 19th centuries) *House at Place de la République (19th century) *Houses and Farms *Motte la Tourette Fortified complex (10th-14th centuries). It includes a church, an outer courtyard, a mound, a moat, and an outer wall. *Farms dating to the 19th century: **Farm at Castetber,Ministry of Culture, Mérimée **Farm at Gibardéou,Ministry of Culture, Mérimée **Farm at Cruhot,Ministry of Culture, Mérimée **Farm at Salles,Ministry of Culture, Mérimée **Farm at Tristan.Ministry of Culture, Mérimée The Town Hall has a painting by Paul Mirat depicting the arrival of
Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
at Arzacq on 14 October 1620 which is registered as an historical object. There is a Museum of Ham in Arzacq which traces the history of Bayonne ham.


Religious heritage

The Church of Saint-Pierre (19th century) is registered as a historical monument. The church contains many items which are registered as historical objects. These are: *Cross: Christ on the Cross (16th century) *Statue: Virgin and child (16th century) *23 Stained glass windows (19th century) *Choir enclosure (19th century) *
Altar An altar is a table or platform for the presentation of religious offerings, for sacrifices, or for other ritualistic purposes. Altars are found at shrines, temples, churches, and other places of worship. They are used particularly in paga ...
, Altar seating,
Tabernacle According to the Hebrew Bible, the tabernacle ( he, מִשְׁכַּן, mīškān, residence, dwelling place), also known as the Tent of the Congregation ( he, link=no, אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד, ’ōhel mō‘ēḏ, also Tent of Meeting, etc.), ...
(19th century) *Group Sculpture: Virgin and child surrounded by angels (15th century) *
Baptismal font A baptismal font is an article of church furniture used for baptism. Aspersion and affusion fonts The fonts of many Christian denominations are for baptisms using a non-immersive method, such as aspersion (sprinkling) or affusion (pouring). ...
s (18th century) * Stoup (16th century) *Furniture in the Church *Furniture in the Church (Supplementary list) Arzacq-Arraziguet is a stage on the via Podiensis (or ''Way of
Puy Puy () is a geological term used locally in the Auvergne, France for a volcanic hill. The word derives from the Provençal ''puech'', meaning an isolated hill, coming from Latin ''podium'', which has given also ''puig'' in Catalan, ''poggio'' i ...
''), one of the modern paths on the
Way of St. James The Camino de Santiago ( la, Peregrinatio Compostellana, "Pilgrimage of Compostela"; gl, O Camiño de Santiago), known in English as the Way of St James, is a network of pilgrims' ways or pilgrimages leading to the shrine of the Twelve Apostle ...
from
Puy-en-Velay Le Puy-en-Velay (, literally ''Le Puy in Velay''; oc, Lo Puèi de Velai ) is the prefecture of the Haute-Loire department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France. Located near the river Loire, the city is famous for its ...
and continues to the Roncesvalles Pass and from there to Santiago de Compostela. This is why the
blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The vis ...
of the town has three escallops.


Environmental heritage

The town has a lake and two marked trails, one of which is labelled ''sentiers d'Émilie''.


Facilities

;Education The commune has an elementary school and a college.College of Arzacq on the commune website
Arzacq also has a training establishment and a maternal assistance clinic.


Notable people linked to the commune

*Damien Catalogne, born at Arzacq in 1856 and died at Arzacq in 1934, was a French politician. *Georges Visat, born on 2 January 1910, at Foce Di Mela (Corsica) and died on 2 February 2001 at Arzacq-Arraziguet, was an engraver, art editor, and French painter.


See also

* Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department


External links


Official commune website



Arzacq-Arraziguet on Géoportail
National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
''Arzac'' on the 1750 Cassini Map


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Arzacqarraziguet Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques