Arthur Pole (1499–1532)
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Sir Arthur Pole of Broadhurst, near
Horsted Keynes Horsted Keynes is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. The village is about north east of Haywards Heath, in the Weald. The civil parish is largely rural, covering . At the 2011 census, it had a populat ...
in Sussex (1494–August 1528) was an English knight.


Life

Arthur was the second son of
Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 – 27 May 1541), also called Margaret Pole, as a result of her marriage to Sir Richard Pole, was the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, a brother ...
(godmother to Mary I of England) and
Sir Richard Pole Sir Richard Pole, KG (1462 – October 1504) was a supporter and first cousin of King Henry VII of England. He was created a Knight of the Garter and was married to Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury, a member of the Plantagenet dyn ...
. His younger brother, Cardinal
Reginald Pole Reginald Pole (12 March 1500 – 17 November 1558) was an English cardinal of the Catholic Church and the last Catholic archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1556 to 1558, during the Counter-Reformation. Early life Pole was bor ...
, became the last
Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
Archbishop of Canterbury under Queen Mary I. His eldest brother was
Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu (also written Montague or Montacute; circa 1492 – January 1539), was an English nobleman, the only holder of the title Baron Montagu under its 1514 creation, and one of the relatives whom King Henry VIII of ...
. Arthur started his career in at court in 1514, travelling to France with Henry's sister
Mary Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also calle ...
when she was wed to
Louis XII Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the tim ...
. Distinguishing himself on the jousting field in 1516, he soon became a squire of the king's body. He was then elevated to Gentleman of the Bedchamber to King Henry VIII in 1518. Arthur was among the courtiers who traveled to France for the
Field of the Cloth of Gold The Field of the Cloth of Gold (french: Camp du Drap d'Or, ) was a summit meeting between King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France from 7 to 24 June 1520. Held at Balinghem, between Ardres in France and Guînes in the English ...
in May 1520 where he earned prizes as a member of Henry Courtney, Earl of Devon's team. Arthur was knighted by Charles Brandon while both he and Lord Montagu were on campaign against the French in 1523. He was also the
Lord of the Manor Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as seig ...
of Broadhurst, Sussex. Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, p. 16.


Marriage and family

Arthur married before 24 October 1522 Jane Lewkenor (b. 1492), widow of Sir Christopher Pickering of Ellerton (b. 1490 in Sedbergh, Yorkshire and d. 7 September 1516 in Woodbridge, Suffolk), whom she married before 1516. Jane was the daughter of Sir Roger Lewkenor (b. 1469 and d. 15 January 1543 in Trotton, Sussex) of Trotton, Sussex—a paternal grandson of Sir Roger Lewknor and Alianora de Camoys—and wife Eleanor Tuchet, daughter of John Tuchet, 6th Baron Audley and 3rd Baron Tuchet and Anne Echingham. The couple had at least four children: Henry, Mary b. (1529) who married Sir John Stanley, Jane, and Margaret (b. 1527) who married Sir John Fitz-Herbert. Historian Hazel Pierce has suggested that Arthur may have died of the sweating sickness in 1528. He died at some point before his widow entered into a marriage contract with her next husband in August 1532. Arthur was buried at
Bisham Abbey Bisham Abbey is a Grade I listed manor house at Bisham in the English county of Berkshire. The name is taken from the now lost monastery which once stood alongside. This original Bisham Abbey was previously named Bisham Priory, and was the trad ...
. When Arthur died, his mother and brother, Lady Salisbury and her son, Lord Montagu, did not wish Jane to remarry, which would deprive the Pole family, and Arthur's heirs, of her fortune. They coerced Jane to become a novice. Jane was eventually released from her vows by William Barlow, the new Bishop of St. Asaph, who was residing in his priory of Bisham. She said to Bishop Barlow, '''Can I leave the veil at pleasure?'''; Yes, for all religious persons have a time of probation. You are only a novice and could leave your nun's weeds at your pleasure. I bind you no further...''', he said. Jane then married Sir William Barentyne (b. 31 December 1481–d. 17 November 1549). The Barentynes sought an Act of Parliament to declare their children legitimate in 1543 after the passage of the Act of the Six Articles. She died before 12 March 1562/63.


References

''The Companion and Key to the History of England'' confuses Arthur Pole, son of Margaret Pole, with his nephew, son of Geoffrey Pole, also named Arthur Pole. {{DEFAULTSORT:Pole, Arthur 1499 births 1532 deaths English knights 16th-century English people
Arthur Arthur is a common male given name of Brythonic origin. Its popularity derives from it being the name of the legendary hero King Arthur. The etymology is disputed. It may derive from the Celtic ''Artos'' meaning “Bear”. Another theory, more wi ...
People from Horsted Keynes Esquires of the Body Younger sons of earls