Arbus (; oc, Arbús) is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlanti ...

department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by t ...

region of southwestern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arbusiens'' or ''Arbusiennes''

Geography

Centre du village avec la mairie d'Arbus

Arbus is located in the urban area of Pau 15 km to the north-west of the city and some 35 km south-east of

Orthez Orthez (; eu, Ortheze; oc, Ortès, ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, and region of New Aquitaine, southwestern France. It lies 40 km NW of Pau on the Southern railway to Bayonne. The town also encompasses the sma ...

mostly on the south bank of the

Gave de Pau The Gave de Pau () is a river of south-western France. It takes its name from the city of Pau, through which it flows. The river is long ( including the Gaves réunis), and its source is at the Cirque de Gavarnie in the Pyrenees mountains. The ...

. Access to the commune is on the D2 road from

Laroin Laroin (; oc, Laruenh) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques ...

in the south-east passing through the north of the commune to Abos in the north-west. Access to the village is by the D804 running off the D2 in the commune and continuing to

Artiguelouve Artiguelouve (; oc, Artigaloba) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Artiguelouviens'' or ''Artiguelouviennes''. Geography ...

in the south-east and also by the D229 from the village to

Parbayse Parbayse (; oc, Parbaïsa) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques ...

in the south-west. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with large forests in the west, south, and south-east.Google Maps
/ref> Located in the

Drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, t ...

of the

Adour The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...

, the

flows through the northern part of the commune with some of its tributaries flowing through the rest of the commune: the Juscle and Baise Lasseube, as well as their tributaries, the Sibé stream, and the old ''Canal du Moulin'' which is itself joined in the commune by the Arrious stream.

Historical places and hamlets

* Alicq * Barraqué * Barrère * Bédat * Bellocq * Berduc * Bert * Biscar * Bordes * Candau * Cap d'Arrandes * Castaing * Castéra * Catroui * Chigé * Croutzé * Fages * Ferrou * Gaurrat * Laborde * Labourdette * Lacroix * Lagré * Lahitte * Lalanne * Laplace * Larribot * Larrieste * Laugary * Manciet * Monget * Mounes * Parisot * Pé de Lahore * Peyrounet * Pommé * Priou * Ramonteu * Rauly * Saint-Sorque * Sarthou * Serviau * Sibé * Sibers * Tourangé * Les Tourne-Brides * Tuheil * Vigneau Géoportail

IGN ''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is ''Arbús'' (according to the classical norm of

Occitan Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language Occitan (; o ...

). According to

Michel Grosclaude Michel Grosclaude (; oc, Miquèu; 1926–2002) was a philosopher and French linguist, and an author of works on grammar, lexicography and Occitan onomastics. Biography Born on 8 July 1926 in Nancy at (Meurthe-et-Moselle). He was the son of ...

, there is an aquitane root ''*arb-'', meaning "grass" (close to ''alpe''), and a collective suffix ''-untz'' giving a meaning of "a place where there is grass". The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *Grosclaude: ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', 2006

, ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, *Cassini:

Cassini Map The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Ca ...

from 1750Cassini Map 1750 – Arbus
/ref> Origins: *Barcelona: Titles of

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

.Titles published in the proofs of the ''History of Béarn'' by

Pierre de Marca Pierre de Marca (24 January 1594 – 29 June 1662) was a French bishop and historian, born at Gan in Béarn of a family distinguished in the magistracy. His family was known among judicial circles in the 16th century, and maintained the ...

*Orthez:

Cartulary A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (''rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the fo ...

.Cartulary of

called ''Martinet'', manuscript from the 14th to the 17th centuries in the Archives of the Orthez town hall *Census: Census of BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Terrier: Terrier of Arbus.Manuscript from the 18th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Paul Raymond on page 5 of his 1863 dictionary noted that in 1385 Arbus had 40

fires Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are pr ...

and depended on the bailiwick of Pau. The town was a dependency of the

Marquisate A marquess (; french: marquis ), es, marqués, pt, marquês. is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman wi ...

of Gassion.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Inter-communality

The commune of Arbus is part of eight inter-communal structures: * the

Communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées The communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées is a ''communauté d'agglomération'' in the ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berri ...

; * the SIVU for the management and development of the watercourses in the Baïses basin; * the SIVU for aged and infirm services for the Canton of Lescar; * the AEP association for Gave and Baïse; * the association for the management of the banks of the Juscle and its tributaries; * the association for sanitation of the communes in the valleys of the Juscle and the Baïse; * the Energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques ; * the inter-communal syndicate for defence against floods of the Gave de Pau.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 1,205 inhabitants.

Economy

The commune is part of the

Appellation d'origine contrôlée An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical boun ...

(AOC) zone of Winemakers of Jurançon and of

Béarn The Béarn (; ; oc, Bearn or ''Biarn''; eu, Bearno or ''Biarno''; or ''Bearnia'') is one of the traditional provinces of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Bas ...

and partially in the AOC zone for

Ossau-iraty Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan-Basque cheese made from sheep milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in Bé ...

Culture and Heritage

Religious Heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Mamer (1868) is registered as an historical monument.

Amenities

Education

The town has a primary school.The Arbus School on the commune website

Notable people linked to the commune

*Arnaud II of ArbusNominal spelling given by ''La Grande Encyclopédie'' (or ''Arnaldus'' of ArbouzeNominal spelling given by the ''Trésor de Chronologie'') from 1303Date given by ''La Grande Encyclopédie'' and the ''Trésor de Chronologie'' to 1320Date given by ''La Grande Encyclopédie'' was

Bishop of Lescar The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lescar (Latin: ''Dioecesis Lascurrensis;'' French language, French: ''Diocèse de Lescar''; Basque language, Basque: ''Leskarreko elizbarrutia''), in south-western France, was founded in the fifth century, and contin ...

. *Pommiès André, born in 1904 at Bordeaux and died in 1972 at Arbus was a French military Hero of the Resistance. *Georges Lapassade, born in 1924 at Arbus and died in 2008 at

Stains A stain is an unwanted localized discoloration, often in fabrics or textiles. Stain(s) or The Stain(s) may also refer to: Color * Stain (heraldry), a non-standard tincture * Staining, in biology, a technique used to highlight contrast in samples ...

, was a philosopher and French sociologist.

References

External links

Arbus official website

Community of communes of Miey de Béarn website Arbus page

Arbus on Géoportail
National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
''Arbus'' on the 1750 Cassini Map
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arbus, Pyrenees-Atlantiques Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques