Anoye

Anoye (; oc, Anoja) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France. It is part of the urban area (''aire d'attraction des villes'') of Pau.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Anoyais'' or ''Anoyaises''.

Geography

Anoye is located some 25 km north-east of Pau and 15 km west of Vic-en-Bigorre. It can be accessed by the D604 road coming north from the D7 just west of Baleix and continuing through the village and the commune north to Maspie-Lalonquere-Juillacq. The D224 road also goes east from the village to Momy and the D207 road forms part of the western border of the commune. The commune is heavily forested in the east and central west however there is a large area of farmland in a central north-south strip and also in the west.

The Léez river, a tributary of the Adour, flows from south to north in the east of the commune with a tributary forming the north-western border of the commune and another tributary forming part of the southern border. A further tributary flows east just south of the village into the Lees.

Historical Places and Hamlets

* Astis
* Bourdallé
* Cantou
* Capdepont
* Chambord
* la Commande or Lacommande
* Dibat
* Fustié
* Gassiabère
* Gué
* l'Honoré
* Hourticq
* Lasbarthes
* Latare
* Lermanou
* Mandou
* Mouly d'Anoye
* Mouly deu Poun
* Nouaou
* Perrieu
* Pessarthou
* Talabot
* Teulé
* Trianon
* Les Trois Fontaines
* Les Tuquets

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in Bearnais is ''Anoja'' (according to the classical norm of Occitan).

Brigitte Jobbé-DuvalBrigitte Jobbé-Duval, ''Dictionary of Place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques'', 2009, Archives and Culture, states that the origin of the name is Latin (''noda'' or ''noia'') and refers to a "marshland".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Sources:
*Grosclaude: ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', 2006 Michel Grosclaude, ''Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn'', Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages,
*Raymond:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011
*Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750Cassini Map 1750 – Anoye
/ref>
*Ldh/EHESS/Cassini:

Origins:
*Marca: Pierre de Marca, ''History of Béarn''.Pierre de Marca, ''History of Béarn''
*Saint-Pé: Cartulary of the Abbey of Saint-PéPierre de Marca, ''History of Béarn''
*Fors de BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Malta: Titles of the Order of St John of JerusalemTitles of the Order of St John of Jérusalem, Caubin in the Departmental Archives of Haute-Garonne
*Census: Census of Béarn
*Denombrement: Denombremont of AnoyeManuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Pau:
*Anoye: Titles of AnoyeTitles in the Town Hall of Anoye

History

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval indicates that the village, a stop on the Way of Saint James of Compostela, was identified in the 11th century. There was also a hospital at Anoye run by the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem under the responsibility of the Commander of Caubin.

In 1385, according to the census demanded by Gaston Phoebus, the village of Anoye had 45 fires and depended on the Bailiwick of Lembeye. There was a market, three to four bakeries, and seven shops.

In 1648 the Barony of Lons became a marquisate which included Abitain, Anoye, Baleix, Castillon, Juillacq, Le Leu (a hamlet in Oraàs), Lion, Lons, Maspie, Oraàs, Peyrède (fief of Oraàs), Sauvagnon, and Viellepinte. Paul Raymond noted that Anoye was a former archpriesthood of the diocese of Lescar, a member of the Commandery of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Caubin, and of Morlaàs.

Anoye was the chief town of a district called the ''Clau of Anoye'' comprising Anoye, Maspie, Juillacq, and Lion.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Inter-communality

Anoye is a member of four inter-communal structures:
*The Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn;
*The SIVU of Highways of the Canton de Lembeye;
*The AEP association of the Lembeye Region;
*The Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 144 inhabitants.

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

*A Fountain (1652)
*A Hospital (ruins) of the Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem and the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem of Sendets, founded in 1315. The hospital had two Maltese Boundary Markers (18th century) called ''maltaises'' which are registered as historical objects. One has been in the Museum of Morlaàs since 1965 and the second has disappeared.
*A Mill at Mouly deu Poun (18th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Mill at Mouly d'Anoye (1838)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Bridge (1784) over the Léez.
*A Fortified Complex (11th century) (Motte-and-bailey castle, outer courtyard, moat, entry portal, church, castle) was a lordship present in the 11th century.
*A former Lay Abbey at Astis (1784)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*The Castaing House (1831)
*The Sanglar House (1788)
*The Teinto House (1861)
*The Puyo-Ladevèse Farmhouse at Mandou (1803)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*The Poudjet Farmhouse (1844)
*A Farmhouse at Pessarthou (1639)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at Nouaou (1793)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A former Town Hall and School (1783)
*The Loste Farmhouse (19th century)
*A Farmhouse at l'Honoré (1793)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at Lermanou (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at Bourdallé (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at la Commande (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at Hourticq (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*The Guithou House (16th century)
*A Farmhouse at Fustié (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*A Farmhouse at Cantou (1807)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*Houses and Farms (17th-19th century)
*The Chateau de Salettes (17th century)
*The Maison Commune (Communal House) (1771)

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:
*A Presbytery (1701)
*The Parish Church of Saint-Orens (remains)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée which was at a place called Astis until the 18th century.
*The Parish Church of Notre Dame (12th century) was a former chapel from the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries and was rebuilt in 1757, 1764, and 1878. The church contains many items which are registered as historical objects:
**Furniture
**7 Stained glass windows
**3 Paintings
**9 Statues
**A Cemetery Cross
**A TombstoneMinistry of Culture, Palissy

Anoye is a stage on the ''via Tolosane'' (or ''Toulouse route'') on the Way of St James.

See also

*Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

References

External links

''Noye'' on the 1750 Cassini Map

{{authority control

Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques