commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...
region of south-western
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Andreinais'' or ''Andreinaises''
Geography
Location
Andrein is a béarnaise commune located on the left bank of the
Gave d'Oloron
The Gave d'Oloron is a river of south-western France near the border with Spain. It takes its name from the city Oloron-Sainte-Marie, where it is formed from the rivers Gave d'Aspe and Gave d'Ossau. It joins the Gave de Pau in Peyrehorade to fo ...
Orthez
Orthez (; eu, Ortheze; oc, Ortès, ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, and region of New Aquitaine, southwestern France.
It lies 40 km NW of Pau on the Southern railway to Bayonne. The town also encompasses the sm ...
. Access to the commune is by road D27 from Sauveterre-de-Bearn passing through the commune and the village and continuing east to Laàs. The D23 road from Burgaronne to L'Hôpital-d'Orion also passes through the north of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.Google Maps /ref>
Hydrography
Located in the
Drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
of the Adour, the southern border of the commune is formed by the
Gave d'Oloron
The Gave d'Oloron is a river of south-western France near the border with Spain. It takes its name from the city Oloron-Sainte-Marie, where it is formed from the rivers Gave d'Aspe and Gave d'Ossau. It joins the Gave de Pau in Peyrehorade to fo ...
. Numerous streams flow south through the commune to the Gave d'Oloron including the Malourau and the Lourou which forms the eastern border. The northern border is formed by the Arrec Heurre which flows west to eventually join the Gave d'Oleron east of
Abitain
Abitain (; eu, Abitaine) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
The inhabitants are known as ''Abitainois'', or ''Abitaonoises''.
Geography
Location
Abitain is bordered ...
Béarnese dialect
Béarnese ( endonym or ) designates the whole of the Occitano-Romance languages of Béarn.
Linguistics does not distinguish Béarnese from Gascon; these languages form a homogeneous whole within the Pyrenees- Atlantic-Garonne triangle. The o ...
and in GasconOccitan is ''Andrenh''. Brigitte Jobbé-DuvalBrigitte Jobbé-Duval, ''Dictionary of placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques'', 2009, Archives and Culture, indicated that the name actually came from the family name ''Andréas'' with the suffix ''-enh''. She also mentioned that the villagers were once called "cherry eaters".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
Sources:
*
Raymond
Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...
:'' ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees'' 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees'' Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011
Origins:
*Census: Census of BéarnManuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Reformation: Reformation of BéarnManuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Insinuations: Insinuations of the Diocese of OloronManuscripts from the 17th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Navarrenx: Notaries of
Navarrenx
Navarrenx (; oc, Navarrencs, ; eu, Nabarrengose, eu, label=Zuberoan dialect, Zuberoan, Nabarrenkoxe) is a town and communes of France, commune in the departments of France, French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Béarn) and the region of ...
Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
*Denombrement: Denombremont of AndreinManuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
History
Paul Raymond on page 6 of his 1863 dictionary noted that the commune had a
Lay Abbey
Lay may refer to:
Places
*Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada
*Lay, Loire, a French commune
* Lay (river), France
* Lay, Iran, a village
*Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community
People
* Lay (surname)
...
, a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.
In 1385 Andrein reported 17
fires
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are pr ...
The commune is part of five intercommunal structures:Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques , Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 9 November 2011
*the inter-communal centre for Social Action of Sauveterre-de-Béarn;
*the Communauté de communes du Béarn des Gaves;
*the inter-communal association for the Gaves and of Saleys;
*the AEP association for the Saleys region;
*the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Demography
In 2017 the commune had 131 inhabitants.
Economy
Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the
Appellation d'origine contrôlée
An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical bou ...
(AOC) zone of
Ossau-iraty
Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk.
Origin
Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in B ...