Andoins is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region of southwestern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Andosiens'' or ''Andosiennes''.

Geography

Location

The commune is part of the urban area of Pau and is located 5 km east of Pau (five miles), the commune is part of the ''Vic-Bilh'' region of

Gascony Gascony (; french: Gascogne ; oc, Gasconha ; eu, Gaskoinia) was a province of the southwestern Kingdom of France that succeeded the Duchy of Gascony (602–1453). From the 17th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799), it was part ...

Access

The commune is traversed by the

A64 autoroute The A64 autoroute is a motorway in southwestern France. It is also called the ''La Pyrénéenne'' and numbered the European route E80. It is a toll road for part of its length. Aligned East-West, it connects Toulouse to Bayonne via Tarbes and P ...

however there is no exit in the commune. The nearest exit is Exit 11 just south-east of the commune. Access to the village is by the D39 road from Morlaàs in the north-west which continues south-east to Limendous. There is also the D538 which goes north-west from the village to Serres-Morlaàs. There is also the D215 which goes south-west from the village to

Artigueloutan Artigueloutan (; oc, Artigalotan) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. It is part of the urban area (''aire d'attraction des villes'') of Pau. The inhabitants of the co ...

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Hydrography

Located in the

drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...

of the

Adour The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean ( Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. ...

, the commune is traversed from south-east to north-west by the ''Luy de France'' which forms part of the northern border before continuing to join the ''Lucet'' east of Morlaàs. The ''Ayguelengue'' forms the southern border of the commune before joining the ''Oussere'' and continuing west.

Localities and hamlets

* Lous Augas * Baradat * Barrails * Bégué * Bordenave * Capdepon * Cazaux * Cazenave * Courriades * Freitet * Gabaix * Las Grabes * Hourcade * Lapoutge * Laulhé * Grange Laulhé * Lendrat * Minvielle * Grange Montané * Pé-deu-Boscq * Peyré * Poublan * Puyau * Teulé * Troubet * Vergez Géoportail
IGN

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is ''Andonsh''. (according to the classical norm of Occitan).

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval Brigitte Jobbé-Duval is a French historian and linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects ...

, ''Dictionary of placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques'', 2009, Archives and Culture, indicates that the village's name probably comes from the family name ''Antonius'', modified in basque to ''Anton'' plus the suffix ''-tz'' inducing the ''property of'' or ''the domain of Anton''. The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: * Raymond:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 Origins: *Lescar: Cartulary of

Lescar Lescar (; oc, Lescar) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. Lescar is the site of the Roman city known variously as Benearnum, Beneharnum or Civitas Benarnensium, the lo ...

Cartulary of the

Bishop of Lescar The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lescar (Latin: ''Dioecesis Lascurrensis;'' French: ''Diocèse de Lescar''; Basque: ''Leskarreko elizbarrutia''), in south-western France, was founded in the fifth century, and continued until 1790. It was originally ...

, published in the proofs of the ''History of Béarn'' by

Pierre de Marca Pierre de Marca (24 January 1594 – 29 June 1662) was a French bishop and historian, born at Gan in Béarn of a family distinguished in the magistracy. His family was known among judicial circles in the 16th century, and maintained the ...

*Pau: Cartulary of the Château of PauManuscripts in two volumes, 17th century, in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *

Fors de Béarn The Fors de Bearn, or fueros of Béarn, are a series of legal texts (privileges, rulings, judicial sentences, decrees, formularies) compiled over centuries (mostly the eleventh to thirteenth) in the Viscounty of Béarn. Together they formed th ...

Manuscript from the 14th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Census: Census of Béarn *Ossau:

Cartulary A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll ('' rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the f ...

of Ossau.Cartulary of Ossau or ''red book'', a Manuscript from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Paul Raymond on page 5 of the 1863 dictionary noted that Andoins was the seat of the second largest barony in Béarn which also included Limendous. He also noted that in 1385 there were 20

fires Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames are pr ...

in Andoins and it depended on the Bailiwick of Pau. The town was part of the archdeaconry of Vic-Bilh, which depended on the bishopric of

of which Lembeye was the capital.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Intercommunality

Andois is part of six inter-communal structures: *the public agency for local management; *the Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn; *the AEP association of the Ousse Valley; *the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques; *the intercommunal association for consolidation of the communes of the plain of Ousse; *the intercommunal association for the construction of the rescue centre at Soumoulou.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 637 inhabitants.

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings that are registered as historical monuments: *A House at Grange Montane (19th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *A Fortified Area (11th century) *A Farmhouse at Poublan (1904)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *The Maison Séries Farmhouse (1913) *The Maison Lacaze Farmhouse (18th century) *The Cazenave Farmhouse (1899) *The Maison Coustet Farmhouse (18th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Houses and Farms (18th - 20th centuries)

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Laurent (19th century) is registered as an historical monument. The church contains many items that are registered as historical objects: *The Furniture in the Church *An Altar Vase (19th century) *A Sunburst

Monstrance A monstrance, also known as an ostensorium (or an ostensory), is a vessel used in Roman Catholic, Old Catholic, High Church Lutheran and Anglican churches for the display on an altar of some object of piety, such as the consecrated Eucharistic ...

(19th century) *A Lantern (19th century) *A

Thurible A thurible (via Old French from Medieval Latin ) is a metal censer suspended from chains, in which incense is burned during worship services. It is used in Christian churches including the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Assyrian Church of th ...

(17th century) *2 Processional Crosses (19th century) *A Painting: Stations of the Cross (1883) *A Candlestick (18th century) *4 Candlesticks (19th century) *A Group Sculpture: Education of the Virgin (19th century) *A Mural Painting: Scenes from the life of Saint Lawrence (19th century) *3 Chandeliers (19th century) *A Sideboard (19th century) *A Chair and 3

Prie-dieu A prie-dieu (French: literally, "pray oGod") is a type of prayer desk primarily intended for private devotional use, but which may also be found in churches. A similar form of chair in domestic furniture is called "prie-dieu" by analogy. So ...

x (19th century) *The Choir Enclosure (1850) *A central

Stoup A holy water font or stoup is a vessel containing holy water which is generally placed near the entrance of a church. It is often placed at the base of a crucifix or religious representation. It is used in the Catholic Church, Anglican Churches ...

(19th century) *An Altar and Tabernacle (1845) *An Altar Cross (18th century) *2 Statues: Saint Peter and Saint Paul (1740 & 1760) *Altar seating and a Tabernacle (1740 & 1760) *Secondary Altar (1864) *The whole Altar of the Blessed Sacrament (18th century) *An Altar, Tabernacle, and 4 Altar Candlesticks (1841) *4 Stained glass windows (Bays 1-4) (1923)

Notable people linked to the commune

*Guilhem Arnaud, Baron of Andoins who died in 1301. His funerary monumentMinistry of Culture, Palissy is displayed in the church of the ''Commandery of Caubin'' in the commune of

Arthez-de-Béarn Arthez-de-Béarn (, literally ''Arthez of Béarn''; oc-gsc, Artés) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in southwestern France. It took its name from the county of Artois (''Artés'' in Occitan, adapted in French as ''Arthès' ...