Anaerolineaceae is a family of bacteria from the order of Anaerolineales. Anaerolineaceae bacteria occur in marine sediments. There are a total of twelve genera in this family, most of which only encompass one species. All known members of the family are Gram-negative and non-motile. They also do not form bacterial spores and are either

mesophilic A mesophile is an organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, with an optimum growth range from . The optimum growth temperature for these organisms is 37°C. The term is mainly applied to microorganisms. Organi ...

thermophilic A thermophile is an organism—a type of extremophile—that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between . Many thermophiles are archaea, though they can be bacteria or fungi. Thermophilic eubacteria are suggested to have been among the earl ...

obligate anaerobe Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms killed by normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen (20.95% O2). Oxygen tolerance varies between species, with some species capable of surviving in up to 8% oxygen, while others lose viability in environm ...

s. It is also known that all species in this family are

chemoheterotroph A Chemotroph is an organism that obtains energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. These molecules can be organic (chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic ( chemolithotrophs). The chemotroph designation is in contrast to phototro ...

History

The first species discovered in the family ''Anaerolineaceae'' was the species ''

Anaerolinea thermophila ''Anaerolinea thermophila'' is a species of filamentous thermophilic bacteria, the type and only species of its genus. It is Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram stain ...

'', with a report on the matter written by Yuji Sekiguchi et. al. in 2003. It was isolated alongside the bacterial species ''

Caldilinea aerophila ''Caldilinea aerophila'' is a species of filamentous thermophilic bacteria, and the type species of its genus. It is Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining met ...

'', a facultative anaerobe. The discovery of these two specimens prompted the addition of a new subphylum in bacterial taxonomy.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ...

(LPSN) and

National Center for Biotechnology Information The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...

(NCBI).

History

Phylogeny

References

Further reading