Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve ( es, Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana) is a protected area in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...

located southwest of Iquitos in the region of Loreto. It was established in 2004 to protect the diverse forest types in the area, especially the rainforests on white sandy soil and watercourses which provide drinking water to the city of Iquitos.

Geography

''Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve'' spans an area of and is located in the province of Maynas, region of Loreto, 23 km southwest of the city of Iquitos. The area presents a varied topography going from seasonally flooded terrain to well-drained hills. Soils are also diverse, ranging from clay to almost pure quartz sand. The

Nanay river The Nanay River is a river in northern Peru. It is a tributary of the Amazon River, merging into this river at the city of Iquitos. The lower part of the Nanay flows to the north and west of the city, while the Itaya River flows to the south an ...

contributes to the flooding dynamic in the area, with a peak level in May, and a lowest level in September with ca. 6 meters of difference.

Climate

Tropical, with an average temperature of 26 °C and an annual precipitation between 2500 and 3000 mm.

Ecology

Tropical forests in the area are varied due to the diverse soils with two main types of forests: seasonally flooded forests and forests on white sand.

Flora

Plants found in the reserve include: ''

Hevea guianensis ''Hevea guianensis'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus '' Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guyanas, Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It generally grows on well-drained soi ...

, Syagrus smithii,

Epistephium ''Epistephium'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to South America, with a few species in Belize and Trinidad. #'' Epistephium amabile'' Schltr. #'' Epistephium amplexicaule'' Poepp. & Endl. #'' Epi ...

parviflorum, Pachira insignis,

Oenocarpus bataua ''Oenocarpus bataua'', the patawa, sehe, hungurahua (Ecuador) or mingucha, is a palm tree native to the Amazon rainforest. The tree produces edible fruits rich in high-quality oil.Vallejo Rendón, Darío 2002. "Oenocarpus bataua, seje"; ''Colomb ...

Cordia ''Cordia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains about 300 species of shrubs and trees, that are found worldwide, mostly in warmer regions. Many of the species are commonly called manjack, while ''bocote ...

nodosa,

Aspidosperma excelsum ''Aspidosperma excelsum'' is a tree in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, Panama, and Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es ...

, Micrandra spruceana,

Iriartea deltoidea ''Iriartea'' is a genus in the palm family Arecaceae, native to Central and South America. The best-known species – and probably the only one – is ''Iriartea deltoidea'', which is found from Nicaragua, south into Bolivia and a great p ...

, Diclinanona tessmannii, Bactris simplicifrons, Pagamea coriacea,

Theobroma ''Theobroma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that is sometimes classified as a member of Sterculiaceae. It contains roughly 20 species of small understory trees native to the tropical forests of Central and So ...

subincanum,

Parkia ''Parkia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Several species are known as African locust bean. In 1995, about 31 species were known.Melissa Luckow and ...

multijuga,

Coryanthes alborosea ''Coryanthes alborosea'' is a species of ''Coryanthes'' (bucket orchids) found in Peru. References External links alborosea Orchids of Peru {{Cymbidieae-stub ...

, Annona montana, Brosimum utile,

Euterpe precatoria ''Euterpe precatoria'' is a tall, slender-stemmed, pinnate-leaved palm native to Central and South America and Trinidad and Tobago. ''E. precatoria'' is used commercially to produce fruits, although ''Euterpe oleracea'' is more commonly cultivate ...

, Iryanthera juruensis,'' etc''.''

Fauna

Mammals present in the area include: the

red brocket The red brocket (''Mazama americana'') is a species of brocket deer from forests in South America, ranging from northern Argentina to Colombia and the Guianas. It also occurs on the Caribbean island of Trinidad (it also occurred on the island ...

, the brown-mantled tamarin, the

lowland paca The lowland paca (''Cuniculus paca''), also known as the spotted paca, is a large rodent found in tropical and sub-tropical America, from east-central Mexico to northern Argentina, and has been introduced to Cuba and Algeria. The animal is cal ...

, the

South American coati The South American coati (''Nasua nasua''), also known as the ring-tailed coati, is a coati species and a member of the raccoon family (Procyonidae), found in the tropical and subtropical parts of South America. An adult generally weighs from a ...

, the Northern Amazon red squirrel, the

kinkajou The kinkajou ( /ˈkɪŋkədʒuː/ ''KING-kə-joo''; ''Potos flavus'') is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus ''Potos'' ...

, the

brown woolly monkey The common woolly monkey, brown woolly monkey, or Humboldt's woolly monkey (''Lagothrix lagothricha'') is a woolly monkey from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Venezuela. It lives in groups of two to 70 individuals, usually splitting ...

, the jaguar, etc. Birds present in the reserve include: the

white-throated tinamou The white-throated tinamou (''Tinamus guttatus'') is a species of bird native to the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, northern Bolivia, southeastern Colombia, northeastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and southern Venezuela. Etymology The scientific nam ...

, the

blue-and-yellow macaw The blue-and-yellow macaw (''Ara ararauna''), also known as the blue-and-gold macaw, is a large South American parrot with mostly blue top parts and light orange underparts, with gradient hues of green on top of its head. It is a member of the la ...

, the

nocturnal curassow The nocturnal curassow (''Nothocrax urumutum'') is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, ...

, the

reddish hermit The reddish hermit (''Phaethornis ruber'') is a species of bird in the family Trochilidae, the hummingbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and the Guianas. Taxonomy and systematics In 1743 the English nat ...

, the

Iquitos gnatcatcher The Iquitos gnatcatcher (''Polioptila clementsi'') is a bird in the family Polioptilidae. It was first described in 2005. It is known only from the Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve, west of Iquitos, Peru. Taxonomy and systematics The ...

, the

Connecticut warbler The Connecticut warbler (''Oporornis agilis'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Description These medium-sized warblers measure in length, with a wingspan. Connecticut warblers weigh when they fledge, attaining an average ...

, the

Mishana tyrannulet The Mishana tyrannulet (''Zimmerius villarejoi'') is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to two geographically separated regions in northeastern Peru. It is speculated that the two populations might represent separate speci ...

, the

fork-tailed woodnymph The fork-tailed woodnymph (''Thalurania furcata'') is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay.HBW and BirdLife Interna ...

, the

white-throated toucan The white-throated toucan (''Ramphastos tucanus'') is a near-passerine bird in the family Ramphastidae found in South America throughout the Amazon Basin including the adjacent Tocantins and Araguaia River drainage. It prefers tropical h ...

, Spix's guan, the

white-necked jacobin The white-necked jacobin (''Florisuga mellivora'') is a medium-size hummingbird that ranges from Mexico south through Central America and northern South America into Brazil, Peru and Bolivia. It is also found in Trinidad & Tobago. Other common ...

, the red-necked woodpecker, etc. Amphibians present in the reserve include: '' Boana geographica,'' '' Pristimantis acuminatus,

Ranitomeya reticulata ''Ranitomeya'' is a genus of dart poison frogs found in Panama and South America south to Peru and Brazil, possibly into Bolivia. Taxonomy In 2006 Grant ''et al.'' revised the systematics of poison dart frogs and placed many species formerly cl ...

, Leptodactylus pentadactylus,'' etc.

References

External links

Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve. Profile at Protectedplanet.net
National Reservations of Peru Geography of Loreto Region Protected areas established in 2004 {{SouthAm-protected-area-stub