Al-Zuq al-Fawqani
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Al-Zuq al-Fawqani was a Palestinian
Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the
1948 Arab-Israeli War Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect. ** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
on May 21, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of
Operation Yiftach Operation Yiftach ( he, מבצע יפתח, ''Mivtza Yiftah'') was a Palmach offensive carried out between 28 April and 23 May 1948. The objectives were to capture Safed and to secure the eastern Galilee before the British Mandate ended on 14 May ...
. It was located 32 km northeast of Safad.


History

Archeological excavations has showed that Al-Zuq al-Fawqani was populated in the late
Mamluk Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning " slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') ...
era.Hartal, 2008
Zuq el-Fauqani
/ref>


Ottoman era

Archeological excavations showed that a large hall, with several courtyards was constructed, probably a
Khan Khan may refer to: *Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan *Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name *Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...
. Damages indicate that it was destroyed in an
earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...
. Pottery from Rashaya el-Fukhar was also found. In 1875,
Victor Guérin Victor Guérin (15 September 1821 – 21 Septembe 1890) was a French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Mino ...
noted a large ruined village called ''Kharbet Khan ez-Zouk el-Fôkani''. It was bordered in the west by ''Wadi Derdara'', which was crossed on a small bridge, and had a water mill. There were many destroyed houses everywhere: they had been built with calcareous or basaltic stones, of different sizes and more or less well cut.
Cistern A cistern (Middle English ', from Latin ', from ', "box", from Greek ', "basket") is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. Cisterns are distinguished from wells by t ...
s and presses attested an ancient origin. On the highest point of the village a house was still standing, which was of much more recent date. In 1881, the PEF's '' Survey of Western Palestine'' noted at ''Kh. Zuk el Haj'' "Foundations of walls buit with
basaltic Basalt (; ) is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of a ...
masonry."Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p
123
/ref>


British Mandate era

In the 1945 statistics it had a population of 160, with a total of 1,832 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p
11
/ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p
71
Of this, 503 dunums were for used for plantations and irrigable land, 1,286 were used for cereals; while a total of 43 dunams were classified as uncultivable.


1948, and aftermath

Al-Zuq al-Fawqani first became depopulated on May 21, 1948, after a whispering campaign. In late May, many villagers returned, mainly to harvest the crops. The
Haganah Haganah ( he, הַהֲגָנָה, lit. ''The Defence'') was the main Zionist paramilitary organization of the Jewish population ("Yishuv") in Mandatory Palestine between 1920 and its disestablishment in 1948, when it became the core of the ...
then started to systematically burn the villages in the area.Morris, 2004, p
252
notes #712-713, p.
303
/ref> In 1992 the village site was described: "The stones of destroyed homes are strewn across the site, which is overgrown with grass, thorns, and a few cactus plants. The nearby settlement of
Yuval Yuval ( he, יוּבַל), also known as Kfar Yuval ( he, כְּפַר יוּבַל), is a moshav in northern Israel. Located in the Galilee Panhandle between Metula and Kiryat Shmona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mevo'ot HaHermon Regiona ...
cultivates part of the surrounding land, and uses the rest as forests and grazing grounds."


References


Bibliography

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External links


Welcome To al-Zuq al-Fawqanial-Zuq al-Fawqani
Zochrot *Survey of Western Palestine, Map 2:
IAAWikimedia commons
from the Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center
al-Zuq al-Fawqani
Dr. Khalil Rizk. {{DEFAULTSORT:Al-Zuq Al-Fawqani Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War District of Safad