Akalanka
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Akalanka (also known as ''Akalank Deva'' and ''Bhatta Akalanka'') was a Jain logician whose
Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion ...
-language works are seen as landmarks in Indian logic. He lived from 720 to 780 A.D. and belonged to the
Digambara ''Digambara'' (; "sky-clad") is one of the two major schools of Jainism, the other being '' Śvētāmbara'' (white-clad). The Sanskrit word ''Digambara'' means "sky-clad", referring to their traditional monastic practice of neither possessing ...
sect of
Jainism Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle bein ...
. His work ''Astasati'', a commentary on '' Aptamimamsa'' of
Acharya Samantabhadra Samantabhadra was a Digambara acharya (head of the monastic order) who lived about the later part of the second century CE. He was a proponent of the Jaina doctrine of Anekantavada. The ''Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra'' is the most popular work ...
deals mainly with ''jaina'' logic. He was a contemporary of
Rashtrakuta Rashtrakuta ( IAST: ') (r. 753-982 CE) was a royal Indian dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing the ...
king
Krishna I Krishna I ( kn, ಅಕಾಲವರ್ಷ ಶುಭತುಂಗ ಕೃಷ್ಣ) (reign 756–774 CE), an uncle of Dantidurga, took charge of the growing Rashtrakuta Empire by defeating the last Badami Chalukya ruler Kirtivarman II in 757. This ...
. He is the author of Tattvārtharājavārtika, a commentary on major Jain text ''
Tattvartha Sutra ''Tattvārthasūtra'', meaning "On the Nature '' ''artha">nowiki/>''artha''.html" ;"title="artha.html" ;"title="nowiki/>''artha">nowiki/>''artha''">artha.html" ;"title="nowiki/>''artha">nowiki/>''artha''of Reality 'tattva'' (also known as ...
''. He greatly contributed to the development of the philosophy of ''
Anekantavada ( hi, अनेकान्तवाद, "many-sidedness") is the Jain doctrine about metaphysical truths that emerged in ancient India. It states that the ultimate truth and reality is complex and has multiple aspects. According to Jainism ...
'' and is therefore called the "Master of Jain logic".


Life

Akalanka flourished in 750 AD. He was aware of the contents of the ''Angas'', although it cannot be said whether they represent an idea rather than a reality for him, and he also seems to have been the first
Digambara ''Digambara'' (; "sky-clad") is one of the two major schools of Jainism, the other being '' Śvētāmbara'' (white-clad). The Sanskrit word ''Digambara'' means "sky-clad", referring to their traditional monastic practice of neither possessing ...
to have introduced as a valid form of scriptural classification the division into ''kalika'' and ''utkalika'' texts which was also employed by the Svetambaras. He is mentioned as a logician and a contemporary of Subhatunga and
Rashtrakuta Rashtrakuta ( IAST: ') (r. 753-982 CE) was a royal Indian dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing the ...
king
Krishna I Krishna I ( kn, ಅಕಾಲವರ್ಷ ಶುಭತುಂಗ ಕೃಷ್ಣ) (reign 756–774 CE), an uncle of Dantidurga, took charge of the growing Rashtrakuta Empire by defeating the last Badami Chalukya ruler Kirtivarman II in 757. This ...
. The samadhi of Acharya Akalanka is located between Thurupammor and Karanthai villages, at a distance of 19 km from Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu.


Works

The following Sanskrit-language works are attributed to Akalanka. Some of these are: * ''Laghiyastraya'' * ''Pramānasangraha'' * ''Nyāyaviniscaya-vivarana'' * ''Siddhiviniscaya-vivarana'' * ''Astasati'' * ''Tattvārtharājavārtika''


See also

*
Acharya Shri Akalanka Educational Trust Arahanthgiri Jain Math is a Jain Matha that established near Tirumalai in August, 1998. The Math is headed by Bhattaraka Dhavalakeerthi. History History of Arahanthgiri Jain Math starts from the period of 322–185 BCE as the Last ‘Shrutkeva ...
*
Karanthai Thirupanamoor and Karanthai are twin villages about 19 km from Kanchipuram. They host historically important Jain temples containing historical inscriptions. There is a population of local Jains in these and nearby villages. Thirupanamoor vil ...
Samadhi of Acharya Akalanka at Thurupammor-Karanthai, Tamil Nadu Pushpathanathar Jain Temple, Thurupammor-Karanthai
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Notes


References

* * * * {{Authority control Digambara Indian logicians Indian Jain monks Jain acharyas 8th-century Indian Jains 8th-century Jain monks 8th-century Indian monks 8th-century Indian mathematicians 8th-century Indian philosophers 720 births 780 deaths Sanskrit writers