An adult daycare center is typically a non-residential facility that supports the

health Health, according to the World Health Organization, is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".World Health Organization. (2006)''Constitution of the World Health Organiza ...

nutritional Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients, which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures. Failure to obtain sufficien ...

social Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from ...

, and daily living needs of adults in a professionally staffed, group setting. These facilities provide adults with

transitional care Transitional care refers to the coordination and continuity of health care during a movement from one healthcare setting to either another or to home, called care transition, between health care practitioners and settings as their condition and care ...

and short-term rehabilitation following hospital discharge. The majority of centers provide

meals A meal is an eating occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes consumption of food. The names used for specific meals in English vary, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal. Although they c ...

, meaningful activities, and general supervision. The care provided is often a

social model A social welfare model is a system of social welfare provision and its accompanying value system. It usually involves social policies that affect the welfare of a country's citizens within the framework of a market or mixed economy. Elements o ...

(focusing on

socialisation In sociology, socialization or socialisation (see spelling differences) is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society. Socialization encompasses both learning and teaching and is thus "the means by which social and cultur ...

and

prevention Prevention may refer to: Health and medicine * Preventive healthcare, measures to prevent diseases or injuries rather than curing them or treating their symptoms General safety * Crime prevention, the attempt to reduce deter crime and crim ...

services) or a

medical model ''Medical model'' is the term coined by psychiatrist R. D. Laing in his ''The Politics of the Family and Other Essays'' (1971), for the "set of procedures in which all doctors are trained". It includes complaint, history, physical examinatio ...

(including skilled assessment, treatment and rehabilitation goals) provided in order to improve participants health and guide their progress in the right direction. Demand for adult daycare centers is increasing with the need for assistance in old age or guidance to reintegrate into society after injury,

illness A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not immediately due to any external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that a ...

addiction Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to engage in certain behaviors, one of which is the usage of a drug, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences. Repetitive drug use o ...

, and accommodation to return to their former lives or improve upon their quality of life.

Purpose and overview

Adult daycare centers primarily focus on providing care for people with a specific chronic condition, including: Alzheimer's disease and related forms of

dementia Dementia is a disorder which manifests as a set of related symptoms, which usually surfaces when the brain is damaged by injury or disease. The symptoms involve progressive impairments in memory, thinking, and behavior, which negatively affe ...

; additionally, these services may be available for any adult with disabilities and also the elderly population. Numerous centers maintain a

nurse Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life. Nurses may be differentiated from other health c ...

on-site and devote a room for participants who require their

vital signs Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a ...

to be checked and evaluated regularly; or needs other health services during their visit. Facilities may also provide

transport Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land ( rail and road), water, cable, pipelin ...

ation and personal care including support groups for

caregiver A caregiver or carer is a paid or unpaid member of a person's social network who helps them with activities of daily living. Since they have no specific professional training, they are often described as informal caregivers. Caregivers most commo ...

s. Attending an adult daycare center can prevent people from needing to be re-hospitalised and may delay their admission to residential

long-term care Long-term care (LTC) is a variety of services which help meet both the medical and non-medical needs of people with a chronic illness or disability who cannot care for themselves for long periods. Long-term care is focused on individualized and ...

. For participants, who would otherwise stay at home alone, social stimulation and

recreational activities Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasur ...

have been known to improve or maintain physical fitness and cognitive function. The more severe the disease is the greater the burden will be on the caregiver. Therefore, 19.1% of caregivers with clients made use of these services. Adult daycare centers may be able to provide

respite care __NOTOC__ Respite care is planned or emergency temporary care provided to caregivers of a child or adult. Respite programs provide planned short-term and time-limited breaks for families and other unpaid caregivers of children with a developmenta ...

, enabling caregivers to work or have a break from their caregiving responsibilities. These facilities are beneficial to many as the activities accommodate stimulating

interaction Interaction is action that occurs between two or more objects, with broad use in philosophy and the sciences. It may refer to: Science * Interaction hypothesis, a theory of second language acquisition * Interaction (statistics) * Interactions o ...

with other people which has been known to improve the participant's health and

emotional well-being Emotions are mental states brought on by neurophysiological changes, variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure. There is currently no scientific consensus on a definition. ...

. All

certified Certification is the provision by an independent body of written assurance (a certificate) that the product, service or system in question meets specific requirements. It is the formal attestation or confirmation of certain characteristics of a ...

adult daycare centers are monitored and staffed for the protection of participants as well as being a helping hand for new people having trouble connecting with others or do not feel comfortable in certain environments. This program aims to build up

confidence Confidence is a state of being clear-headed either that a hypothesis or prediction is correct or that a chosen course of action is the best or most effective. Confidence comes from a Latin word 'fidere' which means "to trust"; therefore, having ...

and ability to maintain an independent lifestyle along with improving physical and

mental health Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being, influencing cognition, perception, and behavior. It likewise determines how an individual handles stress, interpersonal relationships, and decision-making. Mental hea ...

. Another important aspect of an adult daycare center is the information about suitable healthy diet plans and exercise regimes. This can benefit health as some people lose the ability to maintain a

healthy lifestyle Health promotion is, as stated in the 1986 World Health Organization (WHO) Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, the "process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health." Scope The WHO's 1986 Ottawa Charter for Hea ...

, especially for participants coming from rehabilitation or

wards, who may forget what they have or have not done a particular day. This introduces participants to new activities and may spark interest in a

hobby A hobby is considered to be a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time. Hobbies include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing oth ...

that they would like to pursue and learn about.

Adult daycare centers worldwide

Adult daycare centers have grown over the last few decades because the health services available currently surpass those of the past in both service and demand. As demand for adult daycare centers increases, more locations are getting involved, mainly in the US, where over fifty states participate in this program to some degree. This is largely due to the variety of other names for these facilities. Therefore, under the specific name of 'adult day care', the US holds the majority of research. In Australia and some European countries, the term ' respite' or 'community care' is more common where others may use community outreach, nursing homes or support groups. The main aim of an adult daycare center is to provide quality care and enriching interaction with other participants. This will enhance participants' skill and knowledge while engaging them in activities appropriate for their abilities, such as arts and crafts, music, games (

bingo Bingo or B-I-N-G-O may refer to: Arts and entertainment Gaming * Bingo, a game using a printed card of numbers ** Bingo (British version), a game using a printed card of 15 numbers on three lines; most commonly played in the UK and Ireland ** Bi ...

scrabble ''Scrabble'' is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles, each bearing a single letter, onto a game board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares. The tiles must form words that, in crossword fashion, read left t ...

), exercise regimes (

yoga Yoga (; sa, योग, lit=yoke' or 'union ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consci ...

pilates Pilates (; ) is a type of mind-body exercise developed in the early 20th century by German physical trainer Joseph Pilates, after whom it was named. Pilates called his method "Contrology". It is practiced worldwide, especially in countries suc ...

), interest discussion (

book A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physi ...

s, films), general socialisation and conversations intended to form friendly relationships.

Australia

Adult daycare centers in Australia, are designed to promote independence and free thinking for people with disabilities, aged adults or people with diverse linguistic backgrounds. The purpose of this is to introduce them back into normal social environments, which are monitored by staff, to enable a new experience for participants by providing a forum to gain new friends and skill sets. There are many facilities in Australia that provide this program, however Australia expresses the term 'respite' or 'community care' more commonly. In Western Australia alone, there are 23 facilities branching from

Joondalup Joondalup () is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, approximately north of Perth's central business district. It contains the central business district of the regional City of Joondalup and acts as the primary urban centre of Perth's outer ...

through to

Mandurah Mandurah () is a coastal city in the Australian state of Western Australia, situated approximately south of the state capital, Perth. It is the state's second most populous city, with a population of 107,641 as of the 2021 census. Mandurah's ...

, of these: 13 provide a residence for the elderly people, two focus on people with

Huntington's disease Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is a neurodegenerative disease that is mostly inherited. The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities. A general lack of coordination and an uns ...

and the remaining eight facilities are dedicated to younger people with disabilities and rehabilitation patients. In Australia, the

cost In production, research, retail, and accounting, a cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in whic ...

of a day at an adult daycare center, currently stands between $25 to $70 (AUS) depending on the patient's needs and requirements. Facilities may charge an hourly rate for non-residential participants who come for the activities or social interaction. These prices generally range from $5 to $15 (AUS).

United States

In 2014, 4,800 registered adult daycare centers were operating in the United States, providing care for more than 282,000 elderly Americans. 44.2% of centers were operating as

For-profit corporation A for-profit corporation is an organization which aims to earn profit through its operations and is concerned with its own interests, unlike those of the public (non-profit corporation). Structure A for-profit corporation is usually an organization ...

s. Daily

fees A fee is the price one pays as remuneration for rights or services. Fees usually allow for overhead (business), overhead, wages, costs, and Profit (accounting), markup. Traditionally, professionals in the United Kingdom (and previously the Repu ...

may be less than a home health visit and half the cost of a

skilled nursing facility A nursing home is a facility for the residential care of elderly or disabled people. Nursing homes may also be referred to as skilled nursing facility (SNF) or long-term care facilities. Often, these terms have slightly different meanings to in ...

, but vary depending on the services provided. The 2017 average daily cost of adult day services is $70.

Funding Funding is the act of providing resources to finance a need, program, or project. While this is usually in the form of money, it can also take the form of effort or time from an organization or company. Generally, this word is used when a firm use ...

comes from participant fees, third party insurance, and

public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichk ...

and

philanthropic Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives, for the public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private good, focusing on material ...

sources. According to the 2010 MetLife National Study of Adult Day Services, U.S. daycare centers have one direct care worker for every six participants. Nearly 80% of adult daycare centers have a

on staff, and nearly 50% have a social worker on staff. Approximately 60% offer case management services. Industry research suggests centers with higher staff-to-patient ratios provide more individualized

patient-centered care Patient participation is a trend that arose in answer to medical paternalism. Informed consent is a process where patients make decisions informed by the advice of medical professionals. In recent years, the term "patient participation" has been ...

References

Resources

* Brown, E. L., Friedemann, M., & Mauro, A. C. (2014). Use of adult day care service centers in an ethnically diverse sample of older adults. Journal of Applied Gerontology,33(2), 189–206. * McCann, J. J., Hebert, L. E., Li, Y., Wolinsky, F. D., Gilley, D. W., Aggarwal, N. T.. . Evans, D. A. (2005). The effect of adult day care services on time to nursing home placement in older adults with alzheimer's disease. Gerontologist, 45(6), 754–763. * Zarit, S. H., Stephens, M. A. P., Townsend, A., & Greene, R. (1998). Stress reduction for family caregivers: Effects of adult day care use. Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 53(5), S267-S277. * Georgiou, J., & Hancock, P. (2009). Assessing and improving quality of life indicators and assessments: A case study of an adult day care centre. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 4(2), 46–56.

External links

US National Adult Day Services Association
* ttps://www.caring.com/local/adult-day-care Adult Day Care Directory with Reviews and Ratings {{DEFAULTSORT:Adult Daycare Center Types of health care facilities Elderly care