Adélaïde de La Rochefoucauld

Adélaïde de La Rochefoucauld (née de Pyvart de Chastullé; 1769 - 1814), was a French courtier. She served as the principal lady in waiting, or ''dame d'honneur'' (Mistress of the Robes), to empress Joséphine de Beauharnais in 1804–09.

Life

She was born in Paris as the heiress of a rich plantation owner from Saint Domingue. Her father was allied to the Beauharnais family, and she married Alexandre, comte de La Rochefoucauld (1767–1841), in Paris on 9 June 1788. She had three sons and one daughter. Her daughter later married , a brother-in-law of Pauline Bonaparte, Princess Borghese. She had reportedly been an acquaintance of Josephine since before she became an empress. She was imprisoned during the Terror of Robespierre and had met Josephine soon after they had both been released from prison.

In 1804, when Napoleon made himself Emperor and his wife Empress of France, he created an Imperial court and had ladies-in-waiting appointed to empress Josephine. de La Rochefoucauld was appointed to the position of ''dame d'honneur'' to the empress Josephine, which was the highest rank of all ladies-in-waiting, over ranking the '' dame d'atours'', Émilie de Beauharnais, and the ''dame du palais'': Jeanne Charlotte du Lucay, Madame de Rémusat, Elisabeth Baude de Talhouët, Lauriston, d'Arberg, Marie Antoinette Duchâtel, Sophie de Segur, Séran, Colbert, Savary and Aglaé Louise Auguié Ney.

As ''dame d'honneur'' it was her task to supervise the ladies-in-waiting, organize the household of the empress, decide about the visits, invitations and presentations. She was described as highly efficient in her task.

Described as a haughty ''grande dame'' and as an ancien regime royalist she is said to have cowed the emperor in to silence at times. Napoleon disliked her and called her "a little cripple, as stupid as she is ugly".Philip Mansel: ''The Court of France 1789–1830''. According to Laure Junot, she never actually enjoyed her position and had to be persuaded by Josephine to accept it. It is noted that she preferred not to use her apartment her position entitled her to at the Imperial palace.

When Josephine was divorced from Napoleon in January 1810, Adélaïde de La Rochefoucauld applied to the emperor to be allowed to continue in her position as dame d'honneur for the next empress, Marie Louise of Austria. Napoleon was however shocked by her request, regarded it as disloyalty toward Josephine, and asked Josephine to dismiss her.* Annie Forbes Bush: ''Memoirs of the Queens of France'', Vol. 2. She was replaced as the ''dame d'honneur'' of Josephine by one of the ''dame de palais'', d'Arenberg, while the post of ''dame d'honneur'' of empress Marie Louise went to the Duchess of Montebello.

References

* ''Histoire généalogique et héraldique des pairs de France, des grands'' ..., Vol. 8

''A Frenchman's Year in Suffolk: French Impressions of Suffolk Life in 1784''
* Cecil B. Hartley: ''Life of the Empress Josephine, Wife of Napoleon I''
* Kate Williams: ''Ambition and Desire: The Dangerous Life of Josephine Bonaparte''

{{DEFAULTSORT:La Rochefoucauld, Adélaïde De
1769 births
1814 deaths
French ladies-in-waiting
People of the First French Empire
Mistresses of the Robes (France)
Nobility from Paris