Alpha-actinin-4 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''ACTN4''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In nonmuscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a nonmuscle, alpha actinin isoform which is concentrated in the cytoplasm, and thought to be involved in metastatic processes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Interactions
Alpha-actinin-4 has been shown to
interact
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with
PDLIM1
PDZ and LIM domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PDLIM1'' gene.
Interactions
PDLIM1 has been shown to interact with:
* Actinin alpha 4,
* Actinin, alpha 1,
* Estrogen receptor alpha
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERÎ ...
,
Sodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor 2
Sodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF2 (NHERF-2) also known as tyrosine kinase activator protein 1 (TKA-1) or SRY-interacting protein 1 (SIP-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC9A3R2'' (solute carrier family 9 isofo ...
,
,
CAMK2A
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha (CAMKIIα), protein kinase , is one subunit of CamKII, a protein kinase (i.e., an enzyme which phosphorylates proteins) that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMK2A'' gene.
Functi ...
,
CAMK2B
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II beta chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMK2B'' gene.
Function
The enzyme belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent prote ...
,
[ MAGI1]TRIM3
Tripartite motif-containing protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRIM3'' gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family, also called the 'RING-B-box-coiled-coil' (RBCC) subgroup of RI ...
.
See also
* Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histopathologic finding of scarring (sclerosis) of glomeruli and damage to renal podocytes.Rosenberg, Avi Z.; Kopp, Jeffrey B. (2017-03-07). "Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis". ''Clinical Journal o ...
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{Cytoskeletal Proteins
EF-hand-containing proteins
Human proteins