The
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products ...
acetolactate decarboxylase ()
catalyzes the
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...
:(S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
(R)-2-acetoin + CO
2
Hence, this enzyme has one
substrate,
(S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate, and two
products
Product may refer to:
Business
* Product (business), an item that serves as a solution to a specific consumer problem.
* Product (project management), a deliverable or set of deliverables that contribute to a business solution
Mathematics
* Produ ...
,
(R)-2-acetoin and
CO2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of
lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The
systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature.
A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...
of this enzyme class is (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate carboxy-lyase
R)-2-acetoin-forming''. Other names in common use include alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, and (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in
butanoate metabolism
Butyric acid (; from grc, βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2CO2H. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unple ...
and
c5-branched dibasic acid metabolism.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, only one
structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the
PDB accession code .
References
*
EC 4.1.1
Enzymes of known structure
{{4.1-enzyme-stub