‘Abd Allāh ibn ‘Abbās ibn Ṣiddīq al-Ḥanafī al-Makkī ( ar, عبد الله بن عباس بن صديق الحنفي المكي; 1853/1854 – 4 November 1907) was the penultimate
Hanafi
The Hanafi school ( ar, حَنَفِية, translit=Ḥanafiyah; also called Hanafite in English), Hanafism, or the Hanafi fiqh, is the oldest and one of the four traditional major Sunni schools ( maddhab) of Islamic Law (Fiqh). It is named a ...
Mufti
A Mufti (; ar, مفتي) is an Islamic jurist qualified to issue a nonbinding opinion (''fatwa'') on a point of Islamic law (''sharia''). The act of issuing fatwas is called ''iftāʾ''. Muftis and their ''fatwas'' played an important role ...
of
Mecca
Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow ...
.
Abd Allah ibn Abbas ibn Ja'far ibn Abbas ibn Muhammad ibn Siddiq was born in Mecca in 1270 AH (1853/1854). After
memorizing the Qur'an he began seeking knowledge. He studied mostly under his father, whose lectures he attended in
fiqh
''Fiqh'' (; ar, فقه ) is Islamic jurisprudence. Muhammad-> Companions-> Followers-> Fiqh.
The commands and prohibitions chosen by God were revealed through the agency of the Prophet in both the Quran and the Sunnah (words, deeds, and ...
,
hadith
Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approva ...
, and
tafsir
Tafsir ( ar, تفسير, tafsīr ) refers to exegesis, usually of the Quran. An author of a ''tafsir'' is a ' ( ar, مُفسّر; plural: ar, مفسّرون, mufassirūn). A Quranic ''tafsir'' attempts to provide elucidation, explanation, in ...
, and from whom he received
ijazah
An ''ijazah'' ( ar, الإِجازَة, "permission", "authorization", "license"; plural: ''ijazahs'' or ''ijazat'') is a license authorizing its holder to transmit a certain text or subject, which is issued by someone already possessing such au ...
.
He also learned from Sayyid Ahmad Dahlan and Shaykh Yusuf al-Kharbuti, and he read the ''musalsal bi'l-awwaliyah'' from Shaykh Abu al-Khudayr Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Misri.
He received permission to teach in the
Masjid al-Haram.
In 1311 (1893/1894)
or 1312 (1894/1895)
he was appointed Mufti of the Hanafis by Sharif Awn ar-Rafiq, on the condition that for assistance he consult with his father Shaykh Abbas and with Shaykh Ahmad Abu al-Khayr Mirdad, who had declined the Sharif's offer to take the post.
In 1907, at the request of
Sultan Abd al-Hamid, Sharif Ali sent a delegation of
ulema
In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious ...
to
Yemen
Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and ...
, including Abd Allah, Shaykh al-Ulama Muhammad Sa'id Babasil, Shaykh Salih Kamal, and Shaykh Muhammad Khayyat, with the aim of convincing
Imam Yahya
, succession1 = King of Yemen
, succession2 = Imam of Yemen
, image = Imam yahya cropped.png
, image_size =
, caption = Portrait of Yahya by Ameen Rihani, 1922. Imam Yahya steadfastly refused to be photographed thro ...
to end his
jihad against the
Ottoman state
The Ottoman Empire developed over the years as a despotism with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but were j ...
. Shaykh Abd Allah did not return; he died in
Sana'a
Sanaa ( ar, صَنْعَاء, ' , Yemeni Arabic: ; Old South Arabian: 𐩮𐩬𐩲𐩥 ''Ṣnʿw''), also spelled Sana'a or Sana, is the capital and largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sanaa Governorate. The city is not part of the Gover ...
at 2 a.m. on Monday, 27 Ramadan 1325 (4 November 1907) while reciting Qur'an.
He had two sons, Mahdi and Bakr, neither of whom followed him in becoming a student of religion.
References
{{Hanafi scholars
1907 deaths
Yemeni muftis
Hanafis
1850s births
Muftis of Mecca