AE85
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The AE85 series of the Toyota Corolla Levin and Toyota Sprinter Trueno are small, front-engine/rear-wheel-drive compact cars within the front-engine/front-wheel-drive fifth-generation Corolla (E80) range—manufactured by Toyota from 1983 to 1987 in
coupé A coupe or coupé (, ) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and two doors. The term ''coupé'' was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past parti ...
and liftback configurations. The AE85 shares its chassis and basic design with the famous
AE86 The AE86 series of the Toyota Corolla Levin and Toyota Sprinter Trueno are small, front-engine/rear-wheel-drive models within the front-engine/front-wheel-drive fifth generation Corolla (E80) range—marketed by Toyota from 1983 to 1987 in coup ...
, however the AE85 was designed for economy and mainly differs in its engine, whereas the AE86 was designed for performance. It was only sold in Japan and was not sold in North America or other regions. The leading characters in the VIN do not always use the same characters as the chassis code, so some less powerful variants of the AE86 (with the 1.6 L 4A engine) were sold there with an AE86 chassis code on the build plate in the engine bay but with AE85 in the VIN.


Name

The car is known colloquially in Japan as the , meaning "Eight-Five". The word "trueno" is Spanish for thunder, and "levin" is
Old English Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Anglo ...
for "lightning". The Corolla Levin was sold at '' Toyota Corolla Store'' locations, whereas the Sprinter Trueno was sold at '' Toyota Auto Store'' locations. The chassis code "AE85" is used to describe the 1500 cc RWD model from the range. In classic Toyota code, the "A" represents the engine that came in the car (3A series), "E" represents the Corolla, "8" represents the fifth generation (E80 series) and "5" represents the variation within this generation. Pre-facelift models from 1983-1985 were known as "''zenki''" (前期, lit. ''early period''), while the facelift 1985-1987 models were known as "''kouki''" (後期, lit. ''latter period'').


Engine/technical

The AE85 was available with a carburetor-equipped 3A-U inline-four engine, an
SOHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion cha ...
(Single overhead cam) two-valve-per-cylinder motor, which at the time was nothing new; the previous fourth generation Toyota Corollas and Sprinters such as the AE70 featured the same engine. Toyota opted to use the older, less powerful engine in the AE85 to keep costs down, while still providing enough power for an economy-class car. This decision led the AE85 to be outclassed in horsepower by not only the stronger AE86, but most other options at the time. However, it was rated by the Japanese Ministry of Transport to have a fuel economy of 26.4 km/L (62.1 mi/gal) when running at a constant speed of 60 km/h (37.28 mph) which was drastically better than most other cars of its class. The AE85 featured solid disc brakes on the front and drum brakes on the back, rack and pinion steering, and a K50 cable-clutch manual transmission (an optional automatic transmission was available). It did not incorporate a limited-slip differential (LSD) or
ventilated disc brake A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc or a "rotor" to create friction. This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to ho ...
s in the front and rear of the higher-performing AE86.


Body styles

The AE85 and AE86 was available in multiple body variations, with the Levin and Trueno featuring fixed-headlights and retractable
pop-up headlights Hidden headlamps, also commonly known as pop-up headlamps, pop-up headlights, flip-eye headlamps, or hideaway headlights, are a form of automotive lighting and an automotive styling feature that conceals an automobile's headlamps when they are not ...
respectively. Because of their identical outward appearance, the variants can sometimes be mistaken. All AE85 variants have 1.5 L engines, and are nearly identical in form to their 1.6 L counterparts found in the AE86. The AE85 (as well as the AE86) was rear-wheel drive, built on the E70 Corolla platform (same wheelbase length, interchangeable parts, etc.), unlike the front wheel drive E80 models in the same range.


Model variations


SR and SE

The AE85 SR and SE came in both Levin or Trueno versions, the former being a 3-door liftback, and the latter being the 2-door coupé.


XL and GL

Both of these models were low grade versions that were less expensive. The XL model is a 2-door Trueno, and the GL is a 2-door Levin.


XL-Lissé and GL-Lime

The Lissé and Lime were luxury variants of the XL and GL models respectively, marketed heavily towards women in Japan. They featured automatic transmission (some came from the factory in manual) and power steering as standard, and had unique upholstery in the interior. The Lissé is a 2-door Trueno, and the Lime is a 2-door Levin.


Differences between the AE85 and AE86

There are several differences with the AE85 that sets it apart from the more sportier and upmarket AE86.


Mechanical

* The engine is a 1.5 L SOHC 3A-U, which is less powerful than the 1.6 L DOHC 4A-GEU or SOHC 4A-C engine that the AE86 had. *The manual transmission of the AE85 is a K50 transmission with cable clutch, also featured on the previous generation E70 Corolla/Sprinter. On the other hand, the manual transmission of the AE86 is a T50 transmission with hydraulic clutch. *The AE85 uses solid front
disc brake A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc or a "rotor" to create friction. This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hol ...
s, while the AE86 is equipped with ventilated disc brakes. It did not have rear disc brakes the AE86 had, and in their place are drum brakes (which were also used on the AE86 GT). *The
drive shaft A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, tailshaft (Australian English), propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft (after Girolamo Cardano) is a component for transmitting mechanical power (physics), power and torque and rotation, usually ...
on the AE85 is a one-piece type, while the AE86 has a two-piece type. *The AE85 did not have a limited-slip differential (LSD), which was an option on the AE86. *The AE85 did not have a rear suspension
stabilizer bar An anti-roll bar (roll bar, anti-sway bar, sway bar, stabilizer bar) is a part of many automobile suspensions that helps reduce the body roll of a vehicle during fast cornering or over road irregularities. It connects opposite (left/right) wheels ...
, except for the SR liftbacks.


Exterior

*The AE85 has badges denoting the variant of the model, similar to the AE86. Among those are GL, GL-Lime, XL, XL-Lissé, SE or SR (The AE86 has GT, GT-V or GT-Apex for the Japanese market, SR-5 or GT-S for the North American market and GTi for some European markets). *In the Sprinter Trueno SE/XL-Lissé coupé, the colour of the
B pillar The pillars on a car with permanent roof body style (such as four-door sedans) are the vertical or nearly vertical supports of its window area or greenhouse—designated respectively as the ''A, B, C'' and (in larger cars such as 4-door s ...
is painted as the same colour of the car, and the window trims are chrome. The North American SR-5 AE86 coupé inherits these differences. The rest of the AE85/AE86 coupé range has a black B pillar colour and black window trims. *The facelifted 1985-1987 Sprinter Trueno AE85 did not come with cornering lamps as standard, unlike with the facelifted 1985-1987 Sprinter Trueno AE86. In its place were non-illuminating orange inserts, filling in the slots where the cornering lamps normally were.


Interior

*The
redline Redline refers to the maximum engine speed at which an internal combustion engine or traction motor and its components are designed to operate without causing damage to the components themselves or other parts of the engine. The redline of an en ...
on the tachometer is at 6000 rpm (The AE86 with the DOHC engines instead had a 7600 rpm redline). The North American SR-5 AE86 (with the SOHC engine) has the same redline. The GL, XL, GL-Lime and XL-Lissé models did not come with a tachometer. *The AE85 did not have the sport seats the AE86 had, and in its place were basic bucket seats. The SR, XL and GL models had seats with small headrests (the North American SR-5 AE86 used these seats), while the SE, XL-Lissé and GL-Lime models had seats with large headrests (also used in the AE86 GT). The facelifted 1985-1987 Corolla Levin SR liftback model inherited the redesigned sport seats from the AE86. *Three steering wheel designs were available throughout the AE85's lifetime, with two designs of a two-spoke steering wheel similar to the lower-medium trim levels of the E80 Corollas/Sprinters as well as on the AE86 GT, and a three-spoke steering wheel for the facelifted 1985-1987 Corolla Levin SR liftback, similar to the AE86 GT-V/GT-Apex and AE82 Corolla GT/FX-GT.


The AE85 in motorsports

Privateer racing teams in Japan would take an AE85 and convert it to an AE86 since it is much cheaper by performing an engine swap. Using modifications such as a bolt-on turbocharger or
supercharger In an internal combustion engine, a supercharger compresses the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement. The current categorisation is that a supercharger is a form of forced induct ...
, racers can strengthen their vehicle while keeping the light weight of the AE85 body.


In popular culture

In the
Initial D is a Japanese street racing manga series written and illustrated by Shuichi Shigeno. It was serialized in Kodansha's ''seinen'' manga magazine ''Weekly Young Magazine'' from 1995 to 2013, with the chapters collected into 48 ''ta ...
anime and manga, side character and Takumi Fujiwara's friend, Itsuki Takeuchi, mistakenly purchases an AE85 Levin SR hatchback thinking it was an AE86 Levin GT-APEX hatchback, which led to him being initially ridiculed by his co-workers (except for Takumi) and several other street racers in the process. Itsuki would then later put a turbocharger in his AE85 for more power, testing it out on the touge (mountain pass).


References

{{Toyota cars
AE85 The AE85 series of the Toyota Corolla Levin and Toyota Sprinter Trueno are small, Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout, front-engine/rear-wheel-drive compact cars within the Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout, front-engine/front-wheel-drive To ...
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles Sport compact cars 1980s cars Cars introduced in 1983