A. J. Liebling

Abbott Joseph Liebling (October 18, 1904 – December 28, 1963) was an American journalist who was closely associated with ''The New Yorker'' from 1935 until his death. He was known for, among other things, the aphorism "Freedom of the press belongs to those who own one", which he first wrote in ''The New Yorker'' in 1960.

Early life

Liebling was born into a well-off family on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, where his father worked in New York's fur industry. His father was a Jewish immigrant from Austria and his mother, Anna Adelson Slone, came from a Jewish family in San Francisco. After early schooling in New York, Liebling was admitted to Dartmouth College in the fall of 1920. His primary activity during his undergraduate career was as a contributor to the Jack-O-Lantern, Dartmouth's nationally known humor magazine. He left Dartmouth without graduating, later claiming he was "thrown out for missing compulsory chapel attendance". He then enrolled in the School of Journalism at Columbia University.

Career

Early years

After finishing at Columbia, he began his career as a journalist at the ''Evening Bulletin'' of Providence, Rhode Island. He worked briefly in the sports department of'' The New York Times'', from which he supposedly was fired for listing the name "Ignoto" (Italian for "unknown") as the referee in results of games.

In 1926, Liebling's father asked if he would like to suspend his career as a journalist to study in Paris for a year.

Liebling later wrote that the unsuitable proposed marriage was a fiction intended less to swindle his father than to cover his own pride at being the recipient of such generosity..

Thus in summer 1926, Liebling sailed to Europe where he studied French medieval literature at the Sorbonne in Paris. By his own admission his devotion to his studies was purely nominal, as he saw the year as a chance to absorb French life and appreciate French food. Although he stayed for little more than a year, this interval inspired a lifelong love for France and the French, later renewed in his war reporting. He returned to Providence in autumn 1927 to write for the ''Journal''. He then moved to New York, where he proceeded to campaign for a job on Joseph Pulitzer's ''New York World'', which carried the work of James M. Cain and Walter Lippmann and was known at the time as "the writer's paper." In order to attract the attention of the city editor, James W. Barrett, Liebling hired an out-of-work Norwegian seaman to walk for three days outside the Pulitzer Building, on Park Row, wearing sandwich boards that read ''Hire Joe Liebling''. It turned out that Barrett habitually used a different entrance on another street, and never saw the sign. He wrote for the ''World'' (1930–31) and the ''World-Telegram'' (1931–35).

''New Yorker''

Liebling joined ''The New Yorker'' in 1935. His best pieces from the late thirties are collected in ''Back Where I Came From'' (1938) and ''The Telephone Booth Indian'' (1942).

During World War II, Liebling was active as a war correspondent, filing many stories from Africa, England, and France. His war began when he flew to Europe in October 1939 to cover its early battles, lived in Paris until June 10, 1940, and then returned to the United States until July 1941, when he flew to Britain. He sailed to Algeria in November 1942 to cover the fighting on the Tunisian front (January to May 1943). His articles from these days are collected in ''The Road Back to Paris'' (1944). He participated in the Normandy landings on D Day, and he wrote a memorable piece concerning his experiences under fire aboard a U.S. Coast Guard-staffed landing craft off Omaha Beach. He afterwards spent two months in Normandy and Brittany, and was with the Allied forces when they entered Paris. He wrote afterwards: "For the first time in my life and probably the last, I have lived for a week in a great city where everybody was happy." Liebling was awarded the Cross of the Légion d'honneur by the French government for his war reporting.

Following the war he returned to regular magazine fare and for many years after he wrote a ''New Yorker'' monthly feature called "Wayward Press", in which he analyzed the US press. Liebling was also an avid fan of boxing, horse racing and food, and frequently wrote about these subjects.

In 1947 he published ''The Wayward Pressman'', a collection of his writings from ''The New Yorker'' and other publications.

Hiss Case

During the late 1940s, he vigorously criticized the House Un-American Activities Committee and became friends with Alger Hiss.

In 1949, he published ''Of Mink and Red Herring'', a "second book of critical articles on New York newspapers," which included his critique of the "scurrilous journalism" applied to victims of " Elizabeth Bentley and her ilk." On July 23, 1949, the ''New Yorker'' magazine published an article by Liebling entitled "Spotlight on the Jury" in which he opened by stating "The trial of Alger Hiss, which produced some of the best and some of the worst newspaper copy of our time" and concluded "This sort of thing obviously and apparently lessens the chance of a fair trial next time. Perhaps the secrecy of the jury room, like that of the voting booth, should be protected by law."

Last years

In 1961, Liebling published ''The Earl of Louisiana'', originally published as a series of articles in ''The New Yorker'' in which he covered the trials and tribulations of the governor of Louisiana, Earl K. Long, the younger brother of the Louisiana politician Huey Long.

Personal life and death

He married Ann Beatrice McGinn, a former movie theater ticket taker he had met while she was working in Providence, Rhode Island, on July 28, 1934. McGinn suffered from either manic depression or schizophrenia, which caused her to have hallucinations and go into fugue states. Her illness required many lengthy and expensive hospital stays and when she was out of the hospital, she was often heavily sedated. Both Liebling and McGinn committed infidelities during their marriage.

In 1946 he and his wife separated. They divorced on August 30, 1949, in Reno, Nevada. Two days later he married Lucille Spectorsky, the ex-wife of Auguste Comte Spectorsky, in Virginia City, Nevada. Spectorsky was described by Liebling's friend and ''New Yorker'' editor Gardner Botsford as "a big blonde from rural Kentucky, amiable if dumb." Liebling and Spectorsky divorced in 1959 and he married author Jean Stafford that same year.

On December 19, 1963, Liebling was hospitalized for bronchopneumonia. He died on December 28 at Mount Sinai Hospital, and was buried in the Green River Cemetery, East Hampton, New York.

Legacy

* Liebling's papers are archived at Cornell University.
* In 1995, the Boxing Writers Association of America created the A.J. Liebling Award. The first class of honorees included longtime Washington, D.C. sportswriters Sam Lacy and Shirley Povich.
* In 2002, Sports Illustrated named ''The Sweet Science'', a collection of Liebling's essays on boxing, the number one sports book of all time.
* In 2008, the Library of America published a volume of Liebling's World War II writings. The book includes the essays ''The Road Back to Paris'', ''Mollie and Other War Pieces'', ''Normandy Revisited'', as well as his uncollected war journalism.
* The journalist and sportswriter William "Bill" Heinz called Liebling "the best essayist."
* Liebling labeled Chicago the "Second City". It became a nickname for the city.
* The Library of America selected Liebling's 1955 ''New Yorker'' story "The Case of the Scattered Dutchman" for inclusion in its two-century retrospective of American True Crime writing, published in 2008.
* Friend and fellow ''New Yorker'' writer Joseph Mitchell inherited Liebling's book library after his death, and recalls Liebling's once having used bacon as a bookmark.

His writing was often memorable, as was his eating, and he nicely combined the two passions in ''Between Meals'' (1962), of which the following extract gives a taste:

Bibliography

Books

*
* ''Back Where I Came From''; 1938 (1990 North Point Press ed: )
* ''The Telephone Booth Indian''; 1942, Doubleday, Doran and Co.: Garden City, New York (2004 Broadway Books ed: )
* ''The Road Back to Paris''; 1944 Doubleday, Doran and Co.:Garden City, New York (1997 Modern Library ed: )
* ''The Wayward Pressman''; 1947, Doubleday:Garden City, New York (1972 Greenwood Press ed: )
* ''Mink and Red Herring: The Wayward Pressman's Casebook'';1949, Doubleday:Garden City, New York (1972 Greenwood Press ed: )
* ''Chicago: The Second City''; 1952, Knopf: New York (2004 Univ of Nebraska Press ed: )
* ''The Honest Rainmaker: The Life and Times of Colonel John R. Stingo''; 1953, Doubleday:Garden City, New York
* ''The Sweet Science''; 1956, Viking Press: New York (1982 Penguin Books ed: )
* ''Normandy Revisited''; 1958, Simon & Schuster: New York
* ''The Press'' - Ballantine Books:New York, 1961 (1975 Ballantine ed: )
* ''The Earl of Louisiana'', Louisiana State University Press: Baton Rouge, 1961 ()
* ''Between Meals: An Appetite for Paris'' - 1962 (1995 ed: )
* ''Mollie and Other War Pieces'' - 1964 (posthumous) (2004 ed: )
* ''Liebling Abroad: The Road Back to Paris / Mollie and Other War Pieces / Normandy Revisited / Between Meals: An Appetite for Paris''; 1981, Wideview Books: New York
* ''A Reporter At Large Dateline: Pyramid Lake, Nevada'' originally published in The New Yorker, 1955, entitled "The Lake of the Cui-Ui Eaters", University of Nevada Press. 1999.
* ''Just Enough Liebling'' 2004 () - A posthumous collection of his writings
* ''World War II Writings: The Road Back to Paris /Mollie and Other War Pieces / Uncollected War Journalism / Normandy Revisited'', Pete Hamill, ed. (New York: Library of America, 2008)
* ''The Sweet Science and Other Writings: The Earl of Louisiana / The Jollity Building / Between Meals / The Press'', Pete Hamill, ed. (New York: Library of America, 2009)
* ''Liebling's War: the World War II Dispatches of A.J. Leibling''; University of New Mexico Press, 2011 ed:

Essays and reporting

*
*On New York City daily newspapers.

References

External links

*

"A.J. Liebling's Delectable Political Jambalaya"
by Jonathan Yardley, 20 January 2004, ''The Washington Post''

The Church of Liebling: The uncritical worshippers of America's best press critic

"Not quite enough A.J. Liebling"
by Allen Barra, Salon.com, Sept. 23, 2004

{{DEFAULTSORT:Liebling, A. J.
1904 births
1963 deaths
20th-century American journalists
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
American food writers
American male journalists
American media critics
American war correspondents of World War II
Boxing writers
Burials at Green River Cemetery
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
Dartmouth College alumni
Deaths from pneumonia in New York City
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Jewish American writers
People from East Hampton (town), New York
The New Yorker people
The New Yorker staff writers
The Providence Journal people
20th-century American Jews