Venice Biennale of Architecture (in Italian Mostra di Architettura di Venezia) is an international exhibition of architecture from nations around the world, held in

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

, Italy, every other year. It was held on even years until 2018, but 2020 was postponed to 2021 due to the

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...

shifting the calendar to uneven years. It is the architecture section under the overall

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale (; it, La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of ...

and was officially established in 1980, even though architecture had been a part of the

Venice Art Biennale The Venice Biennale (; it, La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of ...

since 1968. The main agenda of the Architecture Biennale is to propose and showcase architectural solutions to contemporary societal, humanistic, and technological issues. Although leaning towards the academic side of architecture, the Biennale also provides an opportunity for local architects around the world to present new projects. The Biennale is separated into two main sections: The permanent, national pavilions in the

Biennale Gardens The Venice Giardini or Giardini della Biennale is an area of parkland in the historic city of Venice which hosts the Venice Biennale Art Festival, a major part of the city's cultural Biennale. The gardens were created by Napoleon Bonaparte who dr ...

as well as the Arsenale, which hosts projects from numerous nations under one roof. __NOTOC__

Exhibitions

2023

The 18th Venice Architecture Biennale is curated by

Lesley Lokko Lesley Naa Norle Lokko is a Ghanaian-Scottish architect, academic, and novelist.Lesley ...

. The international architecture exhibition is entitled ''The Laboratory of the Future.''

2021

Curated by

Hashim Sarkis Hashim A. Sarkis (Arabic: هاشم سركيس ; born 1964 in Beirut) is a Lebanon, Lebanese educator and architect. Since 2015, Sarkis has been Professor and Dean of the School of Architecture and Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Techn ...

, The 17th Venice Architecture Biennale was entitled ''How will we live together?'' Due to the

, it took place in 2021 instead of 2020. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) *Brazil: ''utopias of common life.'
Curated
b
''Arquitetos Associados ''
Alexandre Brasil, André Luiz Prado, Bruno Santa Cecília, Carlos Alberto Maciel, Paula Zasnicoff) + Henrique Penha *Canada:
Impostor Cities
'
Curated
by Thomas Balaban, David Theodore, and Jennifer Thorogood. * Germany:
2038
'. Curated by 2038. * Great Britain
The Garden of Privatised DelightsCurated
by Madeleine Kessler and Manijeh Verghese. * Italy:
Resilient Communities
'.''
Curated
by

Alessandro Melis Alessandro Melis (Cagliari, 7/6/1969) is an Italian architect and the curator of the Italian National Pavilion at the 17th Venice Biennale. He is also a professor of architecture and the inaugural endowed chair of the New York Institute of Techno ...

. * Poland
''Trouble in Paradise''
''.''
Curated
b
PROLOG
+1. *Russian Federation
''Open''
'.'
Curated
by Ippolito Pestellini Laparelli. *Scotland:''
What if...?/
Curated b
7N Architects
and Architecture and Design Scotland *Spain
UncertaintyCurated
by Domingo J. González, Sofía Piñero, Andrzej Gwizdala, Fernando Herrera * Turkey
''Architecture as Measure''
''.''
Curated
by Neyran Turan. *United States of America
''American Framing''
'.'
Curated
by Paul Andersen and Paul Preissner. Awards * Golden Lion for Best National Participation
United Arab Emirates
with
Wetland
'' * Special mention as National Participation: Russia, with ''Open!'' * Special mention as National Participation
Philippines
with
Structures of Mutual Support
'. * Golden Lion for best participant in the exhibition ''How will we live together?'':''
raumlaborberlin
(Berlin, Germany), with
Instances of Urban Practice
'. * Silver Lion for promising young participant in the exhibition ''How will we live together?'':''
Foundation for Achieving Seamless Territory (FAST)
(Amsterdam, The Netherlands; New York, USA), with
Watermelons, Sardines, Crabs, Sands, and Sediments: Border Ecologies and the Gaza Strip
'. * Special Mention to the participant in the exhibition ''How will we live together?''
cave_bureau
(Nairobi, Kenya), with
The Anthropocene Museum: Exhibit 3.0 Obsidian Rain
'. * Special Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Lina Bo Bardi Lina Bo Bardi, born Achillina Bo (5 December 1914 – 20 March 1992), was an Italian-born Brazilian modernist architect. A prolific architect and designer, she devoted her working life, most of it spent in Brazil, to promoting the social and cult ...

2018

The 16th International Architecture Exhibition was titled ''FREESPACE'' and was curated by Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) *Australia: ''Repair''
Curated
by Baracco+Wright Architects in collaboration with Linda Tegg. *Austria: ''Thoughts Form Matter.'
Curated
by Verena Konrad. *China: ''Building a Future Countryside''
Curated
by Li Xiangning. *Croatia: ''Cloud Pergola / The Architecture of Hospitality''
Curated
by Bruno Juričić. *Egypt: ''Robabecciah the informal city''
Curated
by Islam Elmashtooly and Mouaz Abouzaid. *Indonesia:
Sunyata: The Poetics of Emptiness
'
Curated
by Ary Indrajanto, David Hutama, Adwitya Dimas Satria, Ardy Hartono, Jonathan Aditya Gahari, Johanes Adika Gahari. *Italy: ''Arcipelago Italia.'
Curated
by

Mario_Cucinella is a character created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. He is the title character of the ''Mario'' franchise and the mascot of Japanese video game company Nintendo. Mario has appeared in over 200 video games since his creat ...

. *Korea (Republic of):
Spectres of the State Avant-garde
'
Curated
by Seongtae Park. *Lebanon:
The Place That Remains
'
Curated
by Hala Younes. *Lithuania:
The Swamp School
'
Curated
by Nomeda & Gediminas Urbonas. *Mexico:
Echoes of a Land
'
Curated
by Gabriela Etchegaray. *Romania:
Mnemonics
'
Curated
by Romeo Cuc. Awards: * Golden Lion for Best National Participation:

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

, with ''Svizzera 240'', ''House Tour''. Commissioners: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia: Marianne Burki, Sandi Paucic, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curators & Exhibitors: Alessandro Bosshard, Li Tavor, Matthew van der Ploeg, Ani Vihervaara * Special Mention for Best National Participation:

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is ...

, with ''Island''. Commissioner: Sarah Mann; Architecture Design Fashion British Council. Curators: Caruso St John Architects, Marcus Taylor * Golden Lion for the best participant: Souto Moura - Arquitectos; Eduardo Souto de Moura (Porto, Portugal). * Silver Lion for a promising young participant: Architecten de vylder vinck taillieu. Jan de Vylder, Inge Vinck, Jo Taillieu (Ghent, Belgium). * Special Mentions: Andramatin; Andra Matin (Jakarta, Indonesia) and RMA Architects; Rahul Mehrotra (Mumbai, India; Boston, USA) * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Kenneth Frampton Kenneth Brian Frampton (born 20 November 1930) is a British architect, critic and historian. He is the Ware Professor of Architecture at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation at Columbia University, New York. He has be ...

(Great Britain)

2016

The 15th International Architecture Exhibition, entitle
''Reporting from the Front''
was directed by

Alejandro Aravena Alejandro Gastón Aravena Mori (born 22 June 1967) is a Chilean architect and executive director of the firm Elemental S.A. He won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2016, and was the director and curator of the Architecture Section of the 201 ...

28 May – 27 November. In his curation of the exhibition, Aravena foregrounded social housing, incremental housing, rural-urban relationships, the balance between technology and natural materials, and an attentiveness to manual labor and handicraft. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) *Italy: ''Taking Care.'' Curated by

Studio Tamassociati Studio Tamassociati is an Italian team of architects based in Venice since 1996. The practice's main architects are Raul Pantaleo (born 1962 in Milan), Massimo Lepore (born 1960 in Udine) and Simone Sfriso (born 1966 in London). They specialise in ...

*Scotland:''
Prospect North
Curated by Lateral North, Dualchas Architects and Soluis and Architecture and Design Scotland *Serbia: ''HEROIC: Free Shipping.'' Exhibitors: Stefan Vasic, Ana Šulkic and Igor Sjeverac. *Switzerland: ''Incidental Space.'' Curated by Sandra Oehy. Exhibitor Christian Kerez. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Paulo Mendes da Rocha Paulo Mendes da Rocha (October 25, 1928 – May 23, 2021) was a Brazilian architect. Mendes da Rocha attended the Mackenzie Presbyterian University College of Architecture, graduating in 1954. Working almost exclusively in Brazil, Mendes da Roc ...

. * Golden Lion for Best National Pavilion:

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

with ''Unfinished'', curated by Iñaqui Carnicero and

Carlos Quintáns Carlos may refer to: Places ;Canada * Carlos, Alberta, a locality ;United States * Carlos, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Carlos, Maryland, a place in Allegany County * Carlos, Minnesota, a small city * Carlos, West Virginia ;Elsewhere ...

2014

The 14th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Fundamentals''. Directed by

Rem Koolhaas Remment Lucas Koolhaas (; born 17 November 1944) is a Dutch architect, architectural theorist, urbanist and Professor in Practice of Architecture and Urban Design at the Graduate School of Design at Harvard University. He is often cited as a re ...

. 7 June – 23 November 2014. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * Scotland: Critical Dialogues. Curated by Jonathan Charley, Judith Winter, Lottie Gerrard and Architecture and Design Scotland Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Phyllis Lambert Phyllis Barbara Lambert, (née Bronfman; born January 24, 1927) is a Canadian architect, philanthropist, and member of the Bronfman family. Life Born in Montreal, Quebec, she studied at The Study, a premier independent school for girls, and wa ...

. * Golden Lion for Best National Participation:

Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...

, wit
"Crow's Eye View"
curated by

Minsuk Cho Minsuk Cho ( ko, 조민석; born in Seoul, South Korea, 1966) is a South Korean architect. Early life and education Minsuk Cho was born in Seoul and graduated from the Architectural Engineering Department of Yonsei University (Seoul, Korea) and th ...

together with Hyungmin Pai and Changmo Ahn. *Silver Lion for Best Research Project of the ''Monditalia'' section:

Andrés Jaque Andrés Jaque is an architect, writer and curator. In 2016, he was awarded with the 10th Frederick Kiesler Prize for Architecture and the Arts. In 2014, he won the Silver Lion to the Best Project at the 14th Venice Biennale. His work explores ...

and his Office for Political Innovation, with the project "Sales Oddity. Milano 2 and the Politics of Home to Home TV Urbanisms". * Silver Lion for Best National Participation:

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

, wit
"Monolith Controversies"
curated by Pedro Alonso and Hugo Palmarola. * Special Mentions to National Participations:

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

* Special Mentions to research projects of the Monditalia section: "Radical Pedagogies: ACTION-REACTION-INTERACTION" by Beatriz Colomina, Britt Eversole, Ignacio G. Galán, Evangelos Kotsioris, Anna-Maria Meister, Federica Vannucchi, Amunátegui Valdés Architects, Smog.tv; "Intermundia" by Ana Dana Beroš; "Italian Limes" by Folder

2012

British Pavilion at Venice Biennale - Valerie Bennett

The 13th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Common Ground''. Directed by

David Chipperfield Sir David Alan Chipperfield, (born 18 December 1953) is an English architect. He established David Chipperfield Architects in 1985. His major works include the River and Rowing Museum in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire (1989–1998); the Museum ...

. 29 August – 25 November 2012. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * Scotland:''
Past + Future
Curated by

and Architecture and Design Scotland Awards: * Golden Lion for lifetime achievement: Alvaro Siza. * Golden Lion for Best National Participation:

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

,
Architecture, possible here? Home-for-All
curated by

Toyo Ito is a Japanese architect known for creating conceptual architecture, in which he seeks to simultaneously express the physical and virtual worlds. He is a leading exponent of architecture that addresses the contemporary notion of a "simulated" ...

, with the participation of Kumiko Inui,

Sou Fujimoto is a Japanese architect. Born in Hokkaido in 1971, he graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1994, and established his own office, Sou Fujimoto Architects, in 2000. Noted for delicate light structures and permeable enclosures, Fujimoto desig ...

, Akihisa Hirata and

Naoya Hatakeyama is a Japanese photographer. His work explores human intervention with the landscape and natural materials, including the life of cities and the built environment. Life Hatakeyama was born in Japan Rikuzentakata, Iwate, in 1958. He graduated f ...

. * Golden Lion for Best Project of the Common Ground Exhibition: Urban-Think Tank (Alfredo Brillembourg, Hubert Klumpner), Justin McGuirk and

Iwan Baan Iwan Baan (born February 8, 1975 in Alkmaar) is a Dutch photographer. He has challenged a long-standing tradition of depicting buildings as isolated and static by representing people in architecture and showing the building's environment, trying ...

* Silver Lion for a promising practice of the Common Ground Exhibition: Grafton Architects ( Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara) * Special Mentions:

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

, commissioner Hanna Wróblewska;

United States of America The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territo ...

, commissioner Cathy Lang Ho;

, commissioner Grigory Revzin; Cino Zucchi.

2010

The 12th International Architecture Exhibition: ''People meet in architecture''. Directed by Kazuyo Sejima. 29 August – 21 November 2010. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

* Golden Lion for the Best National Participation: Kingdom of Bahrain * Golden Lion for the Best Project in the People meet in architecture exhibition: junya.ishigami+associates * Golden Lion in memoriam:

Kazuo Shinohara was a Japanese architect, forming what is now widely known as the "Shinohara School", which has been linked to the works of Toyo Ito, Kazunari Sakamoto and Itsuko Hasegawa. As architectural critic Thomas Daniell put it, "A key figure who explic ...

* Silver Lion for a promising young participant in the People meet in architecture exhibition: OFFICE Kersten Geers David Van Severen + Bas Princen * Special Mentions:

Amateur Architecture Studio Wang Shu (, born 4 November 1963)Piet Oudolf

2008

The 11th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Out There: Architecture Beyond Building''. Directed by

Aaron Betsky Aaron Betsky, born 1958 in Missoula, Montana, is an American critic on art, architecture and design. He was the director of Virginia Tech's School of Architecture + Design until early 2022. Trained as an architect and in the humanities at Yale ...

. 14 September – 23 November 2008. National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * Germany: ''Updating Germany - 100 Projects for a Better Future''. Curated by Friedrich von Borries and

Matthias Böttger Matthias Böttger (born February 7, 1974) is a German architect and curator. Matthias Böttger studied architecture and urban planning at the University of Karlsruhe and the University of Westminster, London. He worked as an architect in Cologne, ...

* United States: ''Into the Open: Positioning Practice'': 16 architectural groups focus on the increasing interest in civic engagement in American architectural practice, and examines the means by which a new generation is reclaiming a role in shaping community and the built environment. Curated by William Menking, Aaron Levy, and Andrew Sturm. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Frank Gehry Frank Owen Gehry, , FAIA (; ; born ) is a Canadian-born American architect and designer. A number of his buildings, including his private residence in Santa Monica, California, have become world-renowned attractions. His works are considered ...

* Golden Lion for Best National Participant:

("Hotel Polonia. The Afterlife of Buildings"). A project by Nicolas Grospierre and Kobas Laksa * Golden Lion for the Best Installation Project in the International Exhibition:

Greg Lynn Greg Lynn (born 1964) is an American architect, founder and owner of the Greg Lynn FORM office, an o. University Professor in the Institute of Architecture at the University of Applied Arts Vienna and a professor at the UCLA School of the Arts a ...

Form ("Recycled Toys Forniture") * Special Golden Lion for lifetime achievement to a historian of Architecture:

James S. Ackerman James Sloss Ackerman (November 8, 1919 – December 31, 2016) was an American architectural historian, a major scholar of Michelangelo's architecture, of Palladio and of Italian Renaissance architectural theory. In 2017, Ackerman was awarded ...

* Silver Lion for a Promising Young Architect in the International Exhibition: Chilean Group Elemental

2006

The 10th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Cities, architecture and society''. Directed by Ricky Burdett. 10 September – 19 November 2006. The collateral section City-Port was held in Palermo until January 14, 2007. The exhibition attracted over 130,000 visitors. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Richard Rogers Richard George Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside (23 July 1933 – 18 December 2021) was a British architect noted for his modernist and Functionalism (architecture), functionalist designs in high-tech architecture. He was a senior partner a ...

* Golden Lion for Best National Participation:

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark ...

for "CO-EVOLUTION, Danish/Chinese collaboration on sustainable urban development in China". Curated by

Henrik Valeur Henrik Bjørn Valeur (; born 13 October 1966) is a Danish architect-urbanist, founder and creative director of UiD (Denmark) and UiD Shanghai Co., Ltd (China), curator of ''CO-EVOLUTION: Danish/Chinese Collaboration on Sustainable Urban Development ...

and UiD. Projects by Danish architectural offices and Chinese universities

CEBRA CEBRA is a Danish architectural office founded in 2001 by the architects Mikkel Frost, Carsten Primdahl and Kolja Nielsen. Based in Aarhus in Denmark and in Abu Dhabi in the UAE, CEBRA employs a multidisciplinary international staff of 50. In F ...

Tsinghua Tsinghua University (; abbr. THU) is a national public research university in Beijing, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education. The university is a member of the C9 League, Double First Class University Plan, Project 985 ...

, COBE + CQU, Effekt +

Tongji Tongji may refer to: *Tongji Bridge (Jinhua) () a large stone arch bridge in Jinhua, China. *Tongji Bridge (Yuyao) () a stone arch bridge in Yuyao, China. * Tongji County (), former name of Shifang, Sichuan, China. * Tongji Lu Station () metro stati ...

and Transform + XAUAT * Golden Lion for the City:

Bogotá Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city of Colombia, and one of the larges ...

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

* Golden Lion for Best Urban Projects: Javier Sanchez/ Higuera + Sanchez for the housing project "Brazil 44" in Mexico City * Special prize for Best Architecture School: Facoltà di Architettura Politecnico di Torino for a project for Mumbai * Mentions for three significant national exhibitions:

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

and Macedonia * Seven Stone Lions, Città di Pietra -Sensi Contemporanei section: Bari, group leader arch. Adolfo Natalini; Crotone, arch. Carlo Moccia; Pantelleria, group leader arch. Gabriella Giuntoli; Bari, group leader arch. Guido Canella; Bari, group leader arch. Antonio Riondino; Bari, group leader arch. Vitangelo Ardito; Pantelleria, group leader arch. Marino Narpozzi * Prize for Architecture Portus, Città – Porto - Sensi Contemporanei section: "Il parco della Blanda" of Region Basilicata. Area: Maratea, Piana di Castrocucco (Potenza). Project by: Gustavo Matassa, with Vincenzo De Biase, Silvia Marano, Rosa Nave * Premio Manfredo Tafuri, appointed by the Padiglione Italia:

Vittorio Gregotti Vittorio Gregotti (10 August 1927 – 15 March 2020) was an Italian architect, born in Novara. He was seen as both a member of the Neo-Avant Garde and a key figure in 1970s Postmodernism. Biography Gregotti was born in Novara, in the Italian P ...

* Giancarlo De Carlo prize, appointed by the Padiglione Italia: Andrea Stipa * Ernesto Nathan Rogers prize, appointed by the Padiglione Italia: Luca Molinari National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion:United States Pavilion at the Venice Biennale
/ref> ''After the Flood: Building on Higher Ground: Architectural responses to the August 2005 devastation in

New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
Merriam-Webster. ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nuev ...

and the Gulf Coast wrought by

Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina was a destructive Category 5 Atlantic hurricane that caused over 1,800 fatalities and $125 billion in damage in late August 2005, especially in the city of New Orleans and the surrounding areas. It was at the time the cost ...

. Curated by

Christian Ditlev Bruun Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρισ ...

. Projects by Anderson+Anderson Architects and

Eight Inc. 8 is a number, numeral, and glyph. 8 or eight may also refer to: Years * AD 8, the eighth year of the AD era * 8 BC, the eighth year before the AD era Art *The Eight (Ashcan School), a group of twentieth century painters associated with the A ...

were among the included projects. Photography for the exhibition by

Michael Goodman Michael Goodman (born 1954, New York City) is an American photographer. Work Michael Goodman is an international construction photographer. As Chief Contributing Photographer to Engineering News Record from 1988 to 2008 Goodman has had over 135 M ...

. Graphic Design by

Paula Kelly Design NYC Paula or PAULA may refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Paula, in video game ''EarthBound'' * Paula, in ''The Larry Sanders Show'' * Paula Campbell (''EastEnders''), in 2003 Film and television * ''Paula'' (1915 film), a si ...

. The exhibition traveled to Bangkok (2007), Panama City (2007), and Los Angeles (2008). The exhibition also marked the beginning of the international symposium series Sustainable Dialogues, which connected architects, city planners, and environmentalist from Southeast Asia, Central and South America with American architects in each region to exchange ideas and knowledge and propose solutions to issues of ecological disasters, global climate change, and sustainable architectural strategies. Collaborators included

Global Green Global Green is the American affiliate of Green Cross International, an international non-governmental organization founded by former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1993 to "foster a global value shift toward a sustainable and secure future. ...

and Make it Right (founded by

Brad Pitt William Bradley Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an American actor and film producer. He is the recipient of various accolades, including two Academy Awards, a British Academy Film Award, two Golden Globe Awards, and a Primetime Emmy Award. ...

2004

The 9th International Architecture Exhibition: ''METAMORPH''. Directed by Kurt W. Forster. 12 September – 7 November 2004. The exhibition attracted over 115,000 visitors. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Peter Eisenman Peter Eisenman (born August 11, 1932) is an American architect. Considered one of the New York Five, Eisenman is known for his writing and speaking about architecture as well as his designs, which have been called high modernist or deconstructiv ...

* Golden Lion for best installation presented by a country:

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...

Pavilion ("Kinshasa, the Imaginary City") * Golden Lion for most significant work of the Metamorph exhibition: Studio SANAA by Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa for the project for the Museum of 21st century for contemporary art (Kanazawa, Japan) and for the enlargement of the Istituto Valenciano de Arte Moderna (Valencia, Spain) * Special Prize for best work in the Concert Halls section: Studio Plot of

Julien De Smedt Julien De Smedt (born 1975 in Brussels, Belgium) is the founder and director of JDS Architects based in Brussels, Copenhagen, Belo Horizonte and Shanghai. Projects include the VM Housing Complex, the Mountain Dwellings, the Maritime Youth House ...

and

Bjarke Ingels Bjarke Bundgaard Ingels (; born 2 October 1974) is a Danish architect, founder and creative partner of Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG). In Denmark, Ingels became well known after designing two housing complexes in Ørestad: VM Houses and Mountain D ...

for the Concert House project (Stavanger, Norvegia) * Special Prize for best work in the Episodes section: German photographer Armin Linke and Italian architect Piero Zanini for the Alpi installation * Special Prize for best work in the Transformations section: Austrian architect

Günther Domenig Günther Domenig (6 July 1934 – 15 June 2012) was an Austrian architect. Domenig was born in Klagenfurt, and studied architecture at the Graz University of Technology (1953–1959). After working as an architectural assistant, he set u ...

for the Documentation Centre at the Party Rally Grounds of Norimberg, Germany * Special Prize for best work in the Topography section: Studio Foreign Office Architects Ltd for the Novartis Car Park (Basilea, Switzerland) * Special Prize for best work in the Surface section: Japanese architect Shuhei Endo for the Springtecture project (Singu-cho, Hyogo, Japan) * Special Prize for best work in the Atmosphere section: Australian studio

PTW Architects PTW Architects is an Australian architecture firm founded in Sydney in 1889. In 2013, PTW was acquired by Chinese architecture and engineering consulting firm China Construction Design International (CCDI). PTW has become a highly diversified ...

pty Ltd and Chinese partner studio

CSCEC The China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC) () is the largest construction company in the world by revenue and the 8th largest general contractor in terms of overseas sales, as of 2020. While most of the assets of CSCEC were flo ...

+ Design for the National Swimming Center project (Pechino Olympic Green, China) * Special Prize for best work in the Hyper-Project section: Martinez Lapeña- Torres Arquitectos for the Esplanada Fòrum (Barcelona, Spain) * Special Prize for best work in the Morphing Lights, Floating Shadows sections (photography): images of Mars shot by

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding t ...

in cooperation with

JPL The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in the City of La Cañada Flintridge, California, United States. Founded in the 1930s by Caltech researchers, JPL is owned by NASA an ...

and

Cornell University Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to teach an ...

National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion: ''Transcending Type''. Featuring six U.S. architecture firms in the vanguard of contemporary design. Each explore new forms and uses for iconic modern building types. Commissioner: Architectural Record. Curated by Christian Ditlev Bruun. Projects exhibited: George Yu Architects, Los Angeles:

SHOPPING CENTER A shopping center (American English) or shopping centre (Commonwealth English), also called a shopping complex, shopping arcade, shopping plaza or galleria, is a group of shops built together, sometimes under one roof. The first known collec ...

.
Kolatan/MacDonald Studio
New York: RESIDENTIAL HIGH RISE (Resi-Rise)
Studio/Gang/Architects
Chicago: URBAN SPORTS ARENA. * Lewis.Tsurumaki.Lewis, New York:

PARKING GARAGE A multistorey car park (British and Singapore English) or parking garage (American English), also called a multistory, parking building, parking structure, parkade (mainly Canadian), parking ramp, parking deck or indoor parking, is a build ...

.
Predock_Frane
Los Angeles: SPIRITUAL SPACE.
Reiser + Umemoto
New York:

HIGHWAY INTERCHANGE In the field of road transport, an interchange (American English) or a grade-separated junction (British English) is a road junction that uses grade separations to allow for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways or highways, using ...

2002

The

8th International Architecture Exhibition 8 (eight) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9. In mathematics 8 is: * a composite number, its proper divisors being , , and . It is twice 4 or four times 2. * a power of two, being 2 (two cubed), and is the first number of t ...

: ''NEXT''. Directed by Deyan Sudjic. 8 September – 3 November 2002. The exhibition attracted over 100,000 visitors. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

* Golden Lion for best project of the International Exhibition:

Iberê Camargo Foundation The Iberê Camargo Foundation () is a cultural institution and museum located in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The Foundation is dedicated to preserving and promoting the work of Brazilian painter Iberê Camargo (1914–1994). History Created in 1995, o ...

di Porto Alegre (Brazil) designed by Alvaro Siza Vieira * Special prize for best National Participant: Dutch Pavilion * Special prize for best architectural works patron: Zhang Xin * Special prize for best governative sponsorship :

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

* Special mention to Next Mexico City: The Lakes Project National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion *

World Trade Center World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association. World Trade Center may refer to: Buildings * List of World Trade Centers * World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...

. Two Perspectives: The Aftermath & Before. Photographs by

Joel Meyerowitz Joel Meyerowitz (born March 6, 1938) is an American street, portrait and landscape photographer. He began photographing in color in 1962 and was an early advocate of the use of color during a time when there was significant resistance to the idea ...

. *A New World Trade Center Design Proposals. The Max Protetch Gallery. Commissioner:

Robert Ivy Robert Ivy (FAIA) is the Executive Vice President and Chief Executive Officer of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) since 2011. Biography Robert Ivy holds a Master of Architecture from Tulane University and a Bachelor of Arts (''cum laude' ...

, Chief Executive Officer of th
American Institute of Architects (AIA)

2000

The 7th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Less Aesthetics, More Ethics''. Directed by Massimiliano Fuksas. 18 June – 29 October 2000. Awards: * Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement:

Renzo Piano Renzo Piano (; born 14 September 1937) is an Italian architect. His notable buildings include the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris (with Richard Rogers, 1977), The Shard in London (2012), the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City (20 ...

, Paolo Soleri and Jørn Utzon. * Golden Lion for best interpretation of the exhibition: Jean Nouvel * Special prize for best National Participant:

* Special "Bruno Zevi" prize for best architecture professor: Joseph Rykwert * Special prize for best architectural works patron:

Thomas Krens Thomas Krens (born December 26, 1946) is the former director and Senior Advisor for International Affairs of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in New York City.''The New York Times'' staff.Guggenheim Foundation staff From the beginning of his w ...

* Special prize for best architecture editor: Eduardo Luis Rodriguez, editor of Arquitectura Cuba * Special prize for best architecture photographer:

Ilya Utkin Ilya, Iliya, Ilia, Ilja, or Ilija (russian: Илья́, Il'ja, , or russian: Илия́, Ilija, ; uk, Ілля́, Illia, ; be, Ілья́, Iĺja ) is the East Slavic form of the male Hebrew name Eliyahu (Eliahu), meaning "My God is Yahu/Jah." ...

National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion: ''ARCHitecture LABoratories with

Columbia University Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...

and

UCLA The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California St ...

.''

and

Hani Rashid Hani Rashid (born 1958 in Cairo) is an architect and educator. He co-founded the New York-based architecture firm, Asymptote Architecture with Lise Anne Couture. Early life and education Hani Rashid was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1958, his famil ...

, respectively, transformed the U.S. Pavilion into a research laboratory designed to investigate, produce, and present a broad scope of new architectural schemes. A central theme of the studio program was new technology and its application to contemporary housing and other building archetypes. Organized by: The

Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation is a nonprofit organization founded in 1937 by philanthropist Solomon R. Guggenheim and his long-time art advisor, artist Hilla von Rebay. The foundation is a leading institution for the collection, preserv ...

. Commissioner:

Max Hollein Max Hollein (born 7 July 1969 in Vienna) is an Austria, Austrian art history, art historian and the current Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. He served as Director and CEO of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco from ...

1996

The 6th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Sensing the Future—The Architect as

Seismograph A seismometer is an instrument that responds to ground noises and shaking such as caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. They are usually combined with a timing device and a recording device to form a seismograph. The output ...

''. Directed by Hans Hollein. Awards: * Golden Lion for best National Participant:

* Golden Lion for best interpretation of exhibition:

Odile Decq Odile Decq (born 1955 in Laval, France) is a French architect, urban planner and academic. She is the founder of the Paris firm, Studio Odile Decq and the architecture school, Confluence Institute. Decq is known for her unique, self-described got ...

-Benoît Cornette, Juha Kaakko, Ilkka Laine, Kimmo Liimatainen, Jari Tirkkonen, Enric Miralles Moya * Special Osella for an extraordinary initiative in contemporary architecture: Pascal Maragall, Mayor of

* Special Osella for media exposure in the field of contemporary architecture:

Wim Wenders Ernst Wilhelm "Wim" Wenders (; born 14 August 1945) is a German filmmaker, playwright, author, and photographer. He is a major figure in New German Cinema. Among many honors, he has received three nominations for the Academy Award for Best Docum ...

* Special Osella for best architecture photographer: Gabriele Basilico National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion: ''Building a Dream: The Art of Disney Architecture.'' The Walt Disney Company has inspired and commissioned the work of many of the leading architects of our day for its hotels, productions, facilities, office buildings, sports facilities and housing developments. Organized by:

Disney The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney (), is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios complex in Burbank, California. Disney was originally founded on October ...

Imagineering, and The Solomon R Guggenheim Foundation, New York. Commissioner:

1991

The 5th International Architecture Exhibition. Directed by Francesco Dal Co. 8 September – 6 October 1991. Awards: * Winner of the International contest for the new Palazzo del Cinema 1990: Rafael Moneo * Winner of the International contest "Una Porta per Venezia" for the restoration of Piazzale Roma: Jeremy Dixon and Edward Jones National pavilions, contributions and curators (selection) * United States Pavilion: "Peter Eisenman and Frank Gehry". The similarities and differences between the work of architects

and

. Organized by: The Solomon R Guggenheim Foundation, New York. Commissioner: Philip Johnson

1986

The 4th International Architecture Exhibition: ''Hendrik Petrus Berlage—Drawings''. Directed by

Aldo Rossi Aldo Rossi (3 May 1931 – 4 September 1997) was an Italian architect and designer who achieved international recognition in four distinct areas: architectural theory, drawing and design and also product design. He was one of the leading exponen ...

. 18 July – 28 September 1986. Villa Farsetti, Santa Maria di Sala.

1985

The 3rd International Architecture Exhibition: ''Progetto Venezia'' (international competition). Directed by

. 20 July – 29 September 1985. Awards: * Stone Lion: Robert Venturi, Manuel Pascal Schupp, COPRAT, Franco Purini (Accademia Bridge) * Stone Lion:

Raimund Abraham Raimund Johann Abraham (July 23, 1933 – March 4, 2010) was an Austrian architect.

, Raimund Fein, Peter Nigst, Giangiacomo D’Ardia (Ca’ Venier dei Leoni) * Stone Lion: Alberto Ferlenga (Piazza di Este) * Stone Lion:

Daniel Libeskind Daniel Libeskind (born May 12, 1946) is a Polish–American architect, artist, professor and set designer. Libeskind founded Studio Daniel Libeskind in 1989 with his wife, Nina, and is its principal design architect. He is known for the design a ...

& Cranbrook Graduate Students, Three Lessons in Architecture (Piazza di Palmanova) * Stone Lion: Laura Foster Nicholson (Villa Farsetti at Santa Maria di Sala) * Stone Lion: Maria Grazia Sironi and

(Castelli di Romeo and Juliet at Montecchio Maggiore)

1981-82

The 2nd International Architecture Exhibition: ''Architecture in Islamic Countries''. Directed by

Paolo Portoghesi Paolo Portoghesi (born 2 November 1931, Rome) is an Italian architect, theorist, historian and professor of architecture at the University La Sapienza in Rome. He is a former president of the architectural section of the Venice Biennale (1979–92 ...

. 20 November 1981 – 6 January 1982.

1980

The 1st International Architecture Exhibition: ''The presence of the Past''. Directed by

. 27 July – 20 October 1980. Included the Strada Novissima exhibition at the Corderie dell'Arsenale, and exhibitions on Antonio Basile, the architect; The Banal Object. An Exhibition of Critics. An Exhibition of Young Architects. Homage to Gardella, Ridolfi and

Johnson Johnson is a surname of Anglo-Norman origin meaning "Son of John". It is the second most common in the United States and 154th most common in the world. As a common family name in Scotland, Johnson is occasionally a variation of ''Johnston'', a ...

1979

Theatre of the World. The Dogana at the end of the Zattere, created by

for the Architecture and Theatre Sections of the Biennale in occasion of the exhibition Venice and the Stage (winter 1979–80).

1978

Utopia and the Crisis of Anti-Nature. Architectural Intentions in Italy. Magazzini del Sale, Zattere. Director:

1976

Werkbund 1907. The Origins of Design; Rationalism and Architecture in Italy during the fascist period; Europe-America, old city centre, suburbia; Ettore Sottsass, an Italian designer. Ca' Pesaro, San Lorenzo, Magazzini del Sale, Cini Foundation. Director.

1975

On the subject of the Stucky Mill. Magazzini del Sale at the Zattere. Curated by the Visual Arts and Architecture Section of the Biennale, directed by

References

External links

Venice Biennale websiteSatellite map of national pavilions
{{Authority control Culture in Venice Exhibitions in Italy Architecture festivals Festivals established in 1980 Arts festivals in Italy Festivals established in 1968

Architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing building ...