999-year leases in Hong Kong
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999-year leases in Hong Kong are a rare form of lease in
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...
.


History

They were almost exclusively granted from 1849 to May 1898 on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon. Some exceptions include Hang Cheong Tai Building (1900), Cheung Ling Mansion (1900), Ka Yue Building (1901), Princeton Tower (1901), Lun Fung Court (1903) and the
Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau The Consulate General of the United States, Hong Kong and Macau, represents the United States in Hong Kong and Macau. It has been located at 26 Garden Road, Central, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, since the late 1950s. The consul general is H ...
, which was granted a 999-year lease in April 1999. The US Consulate had an option to buy the plot as a freehold in its 1950 lease, but this was eliminated in 1999 in exchange for the 999-year lease. The only current freehold in all of Hong Kong belongs to
St John's Cathedral :''This list is for St. John the Evangelist Cathedrals. For St. John the Baptist Cathedrals, see St. John the Baptist Cathedral (disambiguation)'' St. John's Cathedral, St. John Cathedral, or Cathedral of St. John, or other variations on the name ...
, which was granted freehold in 1847 with perpetual ownership under the condition that the land be used as a church. The
University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong (HKU) (Chinese: 香港大學) is a public research university in Hong Kong. Founded in 1887 as the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, it is the oldest tertiary institution in Hong Kong. HKU was also the f ...
had a freehold, which was surrendered in the 1920s in exchange for a 999-year lease. Some leases were marginally shorter, ranging from 978 to 997 years. In a December 2016 research publication, the Legislative Council said that "At present, only a few pieces of land on the Hong Kong Island and Kowloon are with the lease term of 999 years."


Lots

Land in Hong Kong is separated into "lots," pieces of land which are leased out by the government. Lots can be further broken down into portions of Sections, Sub Sections, Remaining Portions, and Extensions. A single building can be erected on one lot or a combination of different lots and portions. As each lot is leased out by the government with its own terms, a single building may therefore sit on land with multiple lease terms. For example, Floral Tower at 22 Robinson Road is built on 3 lots, each with different terms- IL 347: 999 years from 27 November 1849, IL 392: 999 years from 17 March 1855, and IL 717: 999 years from 25 June 1861. The government provides several tools which can be used to inspect lots:
Geoinfo Map
- a map which displays lots and associated buildings/addresses

- a text version of Geoinfo Map
IRIS
- a database where details of each lot (such as terms of length) can be obtained By using these tools, a lot can be inspected to see if it has a lease of 999 years, and all buildings on those associated lots can be listed- therefore, a list of every building which has a 999 year lease can be generated.


Valuation

In the 2008 research paper, "Intergenerational Discounting: A Case from Hong Kong" from the
University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong (HKU) (Chinese: 香港大學) is a public research university in Hong Kong. Founded in 1887 as the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, it is the oldest tertiary institution in Hong Kong. HKU was also the f ...
, researchers found that properties on lots with 999-year leases commanded a premium of 5.74% over similar properties on lots with 99-year leases in the time period from 1992 to 2006.


List of properties

The below tables are not exhaustive.


Sub 999-year leases

The following table lists properties in all districts that have sub 999-year leases.


Central and Western District

The following table lists properties in the
Central and Western District The Central and Western District () located on northwestern part of Hong Kong Island is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. It had a population of 243,266 in 2016. The district has the most educated residents with the secon ...
that have 999-year leases.


Wan Chai District

The following table lists properties in the
Wan Chai District Wan Chai District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. Of the four on Hong Kong Island, it is north-central, and had 152,608 residents in 2011, a fall from 167,146 residents in 2001. The district has the second-highest educationally quali ...
that have 999-year leases.


Eastern District

The following table lists properties in the Eastern District that have 999-year leases.


Southern District

The following table lists properties in the Southern District that have 999-year leases.


Yau Tsim Mong District

The following table lists properties in the
Yau Tsim Mong District Yau Tsim Mong District is one of 18 districts of Hong Kong, located on the western part of Kowloon Peninsula. It is the core urban area of Kowloon. The district has the second highest population density of all districts, at . The 2016 By ...
that have 999-year leases.


Kowloon City District

The following table lists properties in the
Kowloon City District Kowloon City District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is located in the city of Kowloon. It had a population of 381,352 in 2001, and increased to 418,732 in 2016. The district has the third most educated residents while its resi ...
that have 999-year leases.


See also

*
999-year lease A 999-year lease, under historic common law, is an essentially permanent lease of property. The lease locations are mainly in Britain, its former colonies, and the Commonwealth. A former colony, the Republic of Mauritius (''The Raphael Fishing Comp ...


References

{{Reflist Hong Kong